Отримання комплексних легуючих добавок металургійним способом із відходів машинобудування

• Дата: 2026
• Автори: Мезенцев, С.М., Пономаренко, О.І., Мезенцева, І.О., Євтушенко, Н.С.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys 2026
• Теми: відходи; процес відновлення; оксиди металів; твердий вуглець; термодинамічні розрахунки; легуючі добавки
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.metalsandcasting.com/index.php/mcu/article/view/329
• Назва журналу: Metal and Casting of Ukraine

The paper presents a detailed analysis of solid oxidized waste formed after electroerosion processing of nickel alloy parts. The main types (electrospark, electro-pulse, electrocontact and anodic-mechanical) and characteristics of electroero- sion processing are considered. It is indicated that all types of electroerosion processing of metals are based on the use of the phenomenon of electrical erosion. The chemical and phase composition of the waste is shown. X-ray fluorescence analysis of the waste showed that the waste contains such non-ferrous metals as nickel, chromium, molybdenum, aluminum, tungsten and titanium. Electron mi- croscopic and petrographic studies have allowed us to establish that the waste consists of two phases: metallic and oxide. For the most complete extraction of metals from the waste, a high-temperature reduction process is proposed. Thermodynamic calculations were performed, based on which it was determined that the greatest probability of reduc- tion of metal oxides occurs with solid carbon. It was described that the process of reduction with solid carbon proceeds with the formation of not only pure metals, but also metal carbides. The justification for the formation of metal carbides along with pure metals during the reduction process was provided. The temperatures of the beginning of reduction of metal oxides with carbon were determined based on the chemical affinity of the metal being reduced and solid carbon to oxygen. It was proposed to conduct a fractional factorial experiment with variable parameters. The temperature and time of the reduction process, the amount of reducing agent and the thickness of the waste layer were selected as variable parameters. The proposed mechanism of metal base formation at different values of the initial parameters is considered. Conclusions were presented regarding the need to process solid waste from electrical discharge machining.