Застосування кріогенного бластінгу як сучасного методу очищення від забруднень виливниць для розливки сталі

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Воденнікова, О. С., Воденніков, С. А., Манідіна, Є. А.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Physico-technological Institute of Metals and Alloys 2023
• Теми: кріогенний бластінг; гранули сухого льоду; чавунна виливниця; підготовка виливниць для розливки сталі; очищення стінок виливниці від забруднень
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.metalsandcasting.com/index.php/mcu/article/view/89
• Назва журналу: Metal and Casting of Ukraine

The application of a new resource-saving technology – cryogenic blasting as a modern method of cleaning parts and mechanisms of metallurgical application is proposed. In particular, the use of dry ice granules (solid phase carbon dioxide) as a modern method of cleaning cast iron molds in the process of their preparation for steel casting is proposed. The main advantages of cryogenic blasting technology are given and it is shown that this technology, in comparison with other methods of cleaning parts and mechanisms of metallurgical use, has the least impact on the environment and is environmentally safe for life and health. The scheme of the process of removing contaminants (traces of scale, chlorides, splashes, etc.) from the walls of the mold by feeding granules of dry ice is presented. The process of cleaning the metal surface from contamination occurs in three stages: mechanical (when granules of dry ice are blown out by a stream of compressed air and hit the pollution at high speed, removing them); thermal (due to low temperature at -79 °C dry ice makes pollution more fragile, there is a so-called “thermal shock”, contributing to their complete removal); sublimation (when the rapid conversion of solid dry ice into gas provokes an explosion on the surface, which removes the remnants of dirt and rust). The scheme of movement of dry ice granules at cryogenic blasting is offered, which allows to reveal the essence of the process of accumulation of centrifugal energy of ice granules during rotation of a special disk in the mold. Using the theoretical calculation, the interval of change of the centrifugal force of ice particles is defined depending on the influence of the mass of ice particles in the range of 0.002–0.01 kg, the radius of the rotating disk (in the range of 0.1–0.3 m), at fixed parameters disk rotation speed (in the range of 1000–1600 rpm). It is shown that, depending on the change of these parameters, the maximum value of the centrifugal force reaches 84.14 H.