НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ
On February 6, 2018, the Law of Ukraine No. 2275-VIII "On the Companies with Limited and Complementary Liability" was adopted. Quite unexpectedly, the legislator chose to decide therein on a totally unrelated matter, repealing Art. 207 of the Economic Code of Ukraine. Section 2 of the said...
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| Дата: | 2019 |
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| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Українська |
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V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2019
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| Онлайн доступ: | https://economiclaw.kiev.ua/index.php/economiclaw/article/view/956 |
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| Назва журналу: | Economics and Law |
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Economics and Law| _version_ | 1856543756950437888 |
|---|---|
| author | Poiedynok, V.V. |
| author_facet | Poiedynok, V.V. |
| author_sort | Poiedynok, V.V. |
| baseUrl_str | |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2019-12-10T09:29:31Z |
| description | On February 6, 2018, the Law of Ukraine No. 2275-VIII "On the Companies with Limited and Complementary Liability" was adopted. Quite unexpectedly, the legislator chose to decide therein on a totally unrelated matter, repealing Art. 207 of the Economic Code of Ukraine. Section 2 of the said article had provided some minimal possibilities of challenging unfair terms in business contracts. For the present moment, businesses in Ukraine, first and foremost small- and medium-sized ones, actually enjoy no protection against onerous or discriminatory contract terms, not being covered by consumer protection legislation.We heavily criticize the situation und undertake the analysis of the respective provisions of the UNIDROIT Principles on International Commercial Contracts (UNIDROIT, fr. Institut international pour l’unification du droit privé), the Principles of European Contract Law and the national legislation of Australia, New Zealand, United States of America, Great Britain, France, Germany and Sweden. We identify three approaches to treating unfair terms in business contracts: 1) businesses are explicitly treated as consumers for the purposes of legislation; 2) there are discrete controls of unfair terms in business contracts; and 3) pro-active preventive measures exist to bar the use and dissemination of unfair practices.The results of the research highlight the global recognition of the issue, that therefore needs to be addressed promptly by the Ukrainian legislator.A protection should be granted against any contractual term which has not been individually negotiated if, contrary to the requirement of good faith, it causes a significant imbalance in the parties’ rights and obligations arising under the contract. I adhere to the unified regime of dealing with unfair terms in business contracts as well as consumer contracts. The uniform "fair and reasonable" test should apply in both instances though naturally they may apply somewhat differently in a business context, the courts exercising more restrictive and rigorous approach. The courts are, inter alia, to take into account the size of the business, and whether it makes transactions of the kind in question regularly or only occasionally, in assessing the fairness of the terms complained of.
REFERENCES1. Maydanyk R.A. Problemy rehuliuvannia dovirchykh vidnosyn u tsyvilnomu pravi: avtoref. dys. … d-ra yuryd. nauk. Kyiv, 2003. 28 p. [in Ukrainian].2. Belianevych O.A. Hospodarske dohovirne pravo Ukrayny (teoretychni aspekty). Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter, 2006. 592 p. [in Ukrainian].3. UNIDROIT Principles on International Commercial Contracts 2016. URL: http://www.unidroit.org/english/principles/contracts/principles2016/principles2016-e.pdf4. The Principles of European Contract Law 2002 (Parts I, II, and III). URL: http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/eu.contract.principles.parts.1.to.3.2002/index.html5. Hordiienko A.V. Pravovi zasoby zakhystu prav investoriv za investytsiinymy dohovoramy na budivnytstvo. Aktualni problemy vitchyznianoi yurysprudentsii. 2017. No. 6. P. 22-25 [in Ukrainian].6. Cour de Cassation, Chambre civile 1, du 24 janvier 1995, 92-18.227, Publié au bulletin [in French].7. Unconscionability. Wikipedia. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconscionability8. Cvaigert K., Ketc Kh. Vvedenie v sravnitel’noe pravovedenie v sfere chastnogo prava: In 2 vol. Vol. 2. Per. s nem. Moskow: Mezhdunar. otnoshenija, 1998. 512 p. [in Russian].9. Unfair Contract Terms Bill. URL: http://www.lawcom.gov.uk/docs/lc292bill.pdf10. Unfair Terms in Contracts: A Joint Consultation Paper. URL: https://www.scotlawcom.gov.uk/files/8912/7892/7069/dp119_summary.pdf |
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| format | Article |
| id | oai:ojs.economiclaw.kiev.ua:article-956 |
| institution | Economics and Law |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-02-08T08:08:17Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:ojs.economiclaw.kiev.ua:article-9562019-12-10T09:29:31Z UNFAIR TERMS IN BUSINESS CONTRACTS НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ Poiedynok, V.V. On February 6, 2018, the Law of Ukraine No. 2275-VIII "On the Companies with Limited and Complementary Liability" was adopted. Quite unexpectedly, the legislator chose to decide therein on a totally unrelated matter, repealing Art. 207 of the Economic Code of Ukraine. Section 2 of the said article had provided some minimal possibilities of challenging unfair terms in business contracts. For the present moment, businesses in Ukraine, first and foremost small- and medium-sized ones, actually enjoy no protection against onerous or discriminatory contract terms, not being covered by consumer protection legislation.We heavily criticize the situation und undertake the analysis of the respective provisions of the UNIDROIT Principles on International Commercial Contracts (UNIDROIT, fr. Institut international pour l’unification du droit privé), the Principles of European Contract Law and the national legislation of Australia, New Zealand, United States of America, Great Britain, France, Germany and Sweden. We identify three approaches to treating unfair terms in business contracts: 1) businesses are explicitly treated as consumers for the purposes of legislation; 2) there are discrete controls of unfair terms in business contracts; and 3) pro-active preventive measures exist to bar the use and dissemination of unfair practices.The results of the research highlight the global recognition of the issue, that therefore needs to be addressed promptly by the Ukrainian legislator.A protection should be granted against any contractual term which has not been individually negotiated if, contrary to the requirement of good faith, it causes a significant imbalance in the parties’ rights and obligations arising under the contract. I adhere to the unified regime of dealing with unfair terms in business contracts as well as consumer contracts. The uniform "fair and reasonable" test should apply in both instances though naturally they may apply somewhat differently in a business context, the courts exercising more restrictive and rigorous approach. The courts are, inter alia, to take into account the size of the business, and whether it makes transactions of the kind in question regularly or only occasionally, in assessing the fairness of the terms complained of. REFERENCES1. Maydanyk R.A. Problemy rehuliuvannia dovirchykh vidnosyn u tsyvilnomu pravi: avtoref. dys. … d-ra yuryd. nauk. Kyiv, 2003. 28 p. [in Ukrainian].2. Belianevych O.A. Hospodarske dohovirne pravo Ukrayny (teoretychni aspekty). Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter, 2006. 592 p. [in Ukrainian].3. UNIDROIT Principles on International Commercial Contracts 2016. URL: http://www.unidroit.org/english/principles/contracts/principles2016/principles2016-e.pdf4. The Principles of European Contract Law 2002 (Parts I, II, and III). URL: http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/eu.contract.principles.parts.1.to.3.2002/index.html5. Hordiienko A.V. Pravovi zasoby zakhystu prav investoriv za investytsiinymy dohovoramy na budivnytstvo. Aktualni problemy vitchyznianoi yurysprudentsii. 2017. No. 6. P. 22-25 [in Ukrainian].6. Cour de Cassation, Chambre civile 1, du 24 janvier 1995, 92-18.227, Publié au bulletin [in French].7. Unconscionability. Wikipedia. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconscionability8. Cvaigert K., Ketc Kh. Vvedenie v sravnitel’noe pravovedenie v sfere chastnogo prava: In 2 vol. Vol. 2. Per. s nem. Moskow: Mezhdunar. otnoshenija, 1998. 512 p. [in Russian].9. Unfair Contract Terms Bill. URL: http://www.lawcom.gov.uk/docs/lc292bill.pdf10. Unfair Terms in Contracts: A Joint Consultation Paper. URL: https://www.scotlawcom.gov.uk/files/8912/7892/7069/dp119_summary.pdf Українське законодавство не надає правових можливостей захисту від несправедливих умов у господарських договорах. Ч. 2 ст. 207 Господарського кодексу України, яка регулювала це питання, було виключено в 2018 р., що негативно вплинуло на правові умови ведення бізнесу в Україні. У статті проаналізовані положення Принципів міжнародних комерційних договорів УНІДРУА (UNIDROIT, з франц. In stitut international pour l'unification du droit privé — міжнародний інститут з уніфікації приватного права), Принципів європейського договірного права та актів законодавства низки зарубіжних країн (Австралія, Нова Зеландія, США, Велика Британія, Франція, Німеччина, Швеція), що стосуються захисту підприємців від несправедливих договірних умов. Проведене дослідження демонструє глобальність визнання проблеми та необхідність її законодавчого вирішення в Україні. REFERENCES1. Maydanyk R.A. Problemy rehuliuvannia dovirchykh vidnosyn u tsyvilnomu pravi: avtoref. dys. … d-ra yuryd. nauk. Kyiv, 2003. 28 p. [in Ukrainian].2. Belianevych O.A. Hospodarske dohovirne pravo Ukrayny (teoretychni aspekty). Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter, 2006. 592 p. [in Ukrainian].3. UNIDROIT Principles on International Commercial Contracts 2016. URL: http://www.unidroit.org/english/principles/contracts/principles2016/principles2016-e.pdf4. The Principles of European Contract Law 2002 (Parts I, II, and III). URL: http://www.jus.uio.no/lm/eu.contract.principles.parts.1.to.3.2002/index.html5. Hordiienko A.V. Pravovi zasoby zakhystu prav investoriv za investytsiinymy dohovoramy na budivnytstvo. Aktualni problemy vitchyznianoi yurysprudentsii. 2017. No. 6. P. 22-25 [in Ukrainian].6. Cour de Cassation, Chambre civile 1, du 24 janvier 1995, 92-18.227, Publié au bulletin [in French].7. Unconscionability. Wikipedia. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconscionability8. Cvaigert K., Ketc Kh. Vvedenie v sravnitel’noe pravovedenie v sfere chastnogo prava: In 2 vol. Vol. 2. Per. s nem. Moskow: Mezhdunar. otnoshenija, 1998. 512 p. [in Russian].9. Unfair Contract Terms Bill. URL: http://www.lawcom.gov.uk/docs/lc292bill.pdf10. Unfair Terms in Contracts: A Joint Consultation Paper. URL: https://www.scotlawcom.gov.uk/files/8912/7892/7069/dp119_summary.pdf V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2019-11-30 Article Article application/pdf https://economiclaw.kiev.ua/index.php/economiclaw/article/view/956 10.15407/econlaw.2019.04.024 Economics and Law; No 4 (55) (2019): Economics and Law; 24 - 31 Экономика и право; No 4 (55) (2019): Economics and Law; 24 - 31 Економіка та право; No 4 (55) (2019): Economics and Law; 24 - 31 2523-4838 1681-6277 10.15407/econlaw.2019.04 uk https://economiclaw.kiev.ua/index.php/economiclaw/article/view/956/915 |
| spellingShingle | Poiedynok, V.V. НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ |
| title | НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ |
| title_alt | UNFAIR TERMS IN BUSINESS CONTRACTS |
| title_full | НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ |
| title_fullStr | НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ |
| title_full_unstemmed | НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ |
| title_short | НЕСПРАВЕДЛИВІ УМОВИ В ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ДОГОВОРАХ |
| title_sort | несправедливі умови в господарських договорах |
| url | https://economiclaw.kiev.ua/index.php/economiclaw/article/view/956 |
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