ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ
The article is dedicated to the essence of the principle of proportionality in public procurement, which was determined by the several categories, in particular 1) the category of limitation of the contracting authority’s discretion at all stages of procurement, including the execution of the public...
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V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2019
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Ukrainian |
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Article |
| author |
Malolitneva, V.K. |
| spellingShingle |
Malolitneva, V.K. ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ |
| author_facet |
Malolitneva, V.K. |
| author_sort |
Malolitneva, V.K. |
| title |
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ |
| title_short |
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ |
| title_full |
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ |
| title_fullStr |
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ |
| title_full_unstemmed |
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ |
| title_sort |
особливості реалізації принципу пропорційності у публічних закупівлях |
| title_alt |
APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTIONALITY IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT |
| description |
The article is dedicated to the essence of the principle of proportionality in public procurement, which was determined by the several categories, in particular 1) the category of limitation of the contracting authority’s discretion at all stages of procurement, including the execution of the public contract. It means that every time the contacting authorities make a choice within the procurement procedure, they have to choose a measure that corresponds to the goal of the procurement avoiding the restriction of competition and excessive requirements for economic operators which create barriers in taking part in procurement and therefore infringe the principle of non-discrimination; 2) the category of coordination of actions of the legislator in terms of defining the legal framework for public procurement with the economic and legal purpose of such procurement; 3) the category of determining the limits of possible restrictions on competition which are stipulated by public interests. The principle of proportionality ensures the balance not only between the interest of contracting authorities and economic operators but also the public interests, namely the taxpayers, which often become the aim for which competition may be restricted in procurement. Given that principle of proportionality may act as an additional guarantee for the protection of economic operators against discriminatory requirements that are excessive or not objectively justified, the author suggests to define in the article on the qualification criteria in the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement" that such criteria should meet and be proportionate to the nature, volume and complexity of the goods, works and services that are the subject-matter of the procurement. The article gives special consideration to the role of the proportionality principle in the pursuit of horizontal objectives in public procurement. The author concludes that in order to provide an opportunity to successfully pass the proportionality test in determining the boundaries of horizontal policy implementation, public procurement should be recognized as a potential means of state regulation of the economy and the achievement of the relevant economic policy goals of the state. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the cases of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine as an appeal body in public procurement on disproportionate qualification criteria in tender documents and procurement procedures. The author comes to the conclusion that often too formalized approach during the evaluation of tender offers according to the requirements in tender documentation could lead to situations when the main aim of the procurement, namely to deliver best value for money, is not achieved. In this context, the article provides arguments how the principle of proportionality could solve this problem. In addition, the author pays attention to the national courts as well as the Court of Justice of the European Union practice on proportionality issues in public procurement.
REFERENCES
1. Burca Gd. The principle of proportionality and its application in EC law. Yearbook of European Law. 1993. No. 13. P. 105-153.2. Pohrebniak S.P. Pryntsyp proportsiinosti v ukrainskii yurydychnii praktytsi ta praktytsi YeSPL. Pravove zabezpechennia efektyvnoho vykonannia rishen i zastosuvannia praktyky Yevropeiskoho sudu z prav liudyny: zb. nauk. ct. Mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf., 15 veresnia 2012 r. Za red. S.V. Kivalova; NU "OIuA". Odesa: Feniks, 2012. P. 294-310 [in Ukrainian].3. Belianevych O.A. Principle of proportionality in Economic Law. Economics and Law. 2019. No. 1 (52). P. 3-10. https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2019.01.003 [in Ukrainian].4. Petrunenko Ya.V. Combination of direct and indirect economic and legal means of ensuring the effective use of public funds: search of optimal models. Constitutional State. 2019. No. 33. P. 86-91. https://doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2019.33.162059 [in Ukrainian].5. Olefir A.O. Problems of protection of the rights of participants in public procurement. Theory and Practice of Jurisprudence. 2018. Vol. 1, iss. 13. https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2018.13.120978 [in Ukrainian].6. Olefir A.O. Problems of public procurement in comparison with european experience. Theory and Practice of Jurisprudence. 2017. Vol. 1, iss. 11. https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2017.11.89582 [in Ukrainian].7. Proportionality Guide. 1st revision. Stichting Instituut voor Bouwrecht, 2016. 66 p.8. Hebly J.M., Meesters J. The Proportionality Principle in the Dutch Public Procurement Act. European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review. 2014. Vol. 9, iss. 4. P. 266-270.9. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 18.06.2018 No. 5889-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].10. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 17.10.2018 No. 10650-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].11. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 29.08.2019 No. 12041-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].12. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 15.04.2019 No. 4539-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].13. Graells A.S. Public Procurement and the EU competition rules. 2nd edition. United Kingdom: Hart Publishing, 2015. 570 p.14. Hryha Yu. Za misiats vuhillia podorozhchaty na 80% mozhe tilky v dytiachomu sanatoriiu. Dozorro. 2018. URL: https://dozorro.org/blog/za-misyac-vugillya-podorozhchati-na-80-mozhe-tilki-v-dityachomu-sanatoriyi [in Ukrainian].15. Case T-211/02, Tideland Signal vs. Commission. E.C.R. II-3781. 2002. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/showPdf.jsf;jsessionid=80DA331A2BC82A494B626D796DA5CDB8?text=&docid=47726&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=533820216. Postanova u spravi No. 712/10639/16-p vid 07.12.2016. Apeliatsiinyi sud Cherkaskoi oblasti. URL: http://www.reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/63267924?fbclid=IwAR1A8ghcF0h6OrW6Zyb4rBLu_bu9n4_eRz-EBMhIuRHbRg4x2nJVLlYGko [in Ukrainian].17. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 31.05.2019 No. 6992-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].18. "Spetsializovana khimichna produktsiia" (UA-2019-05-21-001267-a). URL: https://prozorro.gov.ua/tender/UA-2019-05-21-001267-a [in Ukrainian].19. Pysmenna M.S. Kontrol dotrymannia pryntsypiv derzhavnykh zakupivel. Naukovyi visnyk Mizhnarodnoho hu manitarnoho universytetu. Seriia: Ekonomika i menedzhment. 2016. Iss. 22. P. 176-179 [in Ukrainian].20. Elektronne obladnannia (UA-2018-04-29-000009-a). URL: https://prozorro.gov.ua/tender/UA-2018-04-29-000009-a [in Ukrainian].21. Postanova u Spravi No. 826/10555/18 27.08.2019. Verkhovnyi Sud u skladi kolehii suddiv Kasatsiinoho administratyvnoho sudu. URL: http://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/83883511?fbclid=IwAR0NgfvAHHvY1ptEh-y4toKSS0TtdTlLSuP3SHYP5ZuWyMg7ERUvagqCf1c [in Ukrainian].22. Bogdanowicz P. The Application of the Principle of Proportionality to Modifications of Public Contracts. European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review. 2016. Vol. 11, iss. 3. P. 194-204. https://doi.org/10.21552/epppl/2016/3/823. Case C-213/07, Michaniki vs. Ethiniko Simvoulio Radiotileorasis, Ipourgos Epikratias. E.C.R. I-9999. 2008. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?language=en&num=C-213/0724. Case C-376/08, Serrantoni Srl, Consorzio vs. Comune di Milano. E.C.R.I-12169. 2009. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=77182&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=1311484325. Postanova u spravi No. 920/353/17 26.09.2017. Kharkivskyi apeliatsiinyi hospodarskyi sud. URL: http://www.reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/69258468 [in Ukrainian].26. Sanchez-Graells A. Truly Competitive Public Procurement as a Europe 2020 Lever: What Role for the Principle of Competition in Moderating Horizontal Policies? European Public Law. 2016. Vol. 22, iss. 2. P. 377-394.27. Wiesbrock A. An obligation for sustainable procurement? Gauging the potential impact of article 11 TFEU on public contracting in the EU. Legal Issues of Economic Integration. 2013. Vol. 40, iss. 2. P.105-132.28. Case C-346/06, Dirk Ruffert vs. Land Niedersachsen. E.C.R. I-1989. 2008. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=71030&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=193389029. Case C-549/13, Bundesdruckerei GmbH vs. Stadt Dortmund. 2014. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?num=C-549/1330. Case C-115/14, RegioPost GmbH & Co. KG vs. Stadt Landau in der Pfalz. 2015. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?num=C-115/1431. Case C-491/01, The Queen and Secretary of State for Health v British American Tobacco. ECR I-11453. 2002. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=47582&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=1938904 |
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V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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2019 |
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oai:ojs.economiclaw.kiev.ua:article-9582019-12-09T09:42:12Z APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTIONALITY IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОПОРЦІЙНОСТІ У ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЛЯХ Malolitneva, V.K. The article is dedicated to the essence of the principle of proportionality in public procurement, which was determined by the several categories, in particular 1) the category of limitation of the contracting authority’s discretion at all stages of procurement, including the execution of the public contract. It means that every time the contacting authorities make a choice within the procurement procedure, they have to choose a measure that corresponds to the goal of the procurement avoiding the restriction of competition and excessive requirements for economic operators which create barriers in taking part in procurement and therefore infringe the principle of non-discrimination; 2) the category of coordination of actions of the legislator in terms of defining the legal framework for public procurement with the economic and legal purpose of such procurement; 3) the category of determining the limits of possible restrictions on competition which are stipulated by public interests. The principle of proportionality ensures the balance not only between the interest of contracting authorities and economic operators but also the public interests, namely the taxpayers, which often become the aim for which competition may be restricted in procurement. Given that principle of proportionality may act as an additional guarantee for the protection of economic operators against discriminatory requirements that are excessive or not objectively justified, the author suggests to define in the article on the qualification criteria in the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement" that such criteria should meet and be proportionate to the nature, volume and complexity of the goods, works and services that are the subject-matter of the procurement. The article gives special consideration to the role of the proportionality principle in the pursuit of horizontal objectives in public procurement. The author concludes that in order to provide an opportunity to successfully pass the proportionality test in determining the boundaries of horizontal policy implementation, public procurement should be recognized as a potential means of state regulation of the economy and the achievement of the relevant economic policy goals of the state. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the cases of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine as an appeal body in public procurement on disproportionate qualification criteria in tender documents and procurement procedures. The author comes to the conclusion that often too formalized approach during the evaluation of tender offers according to the requirements in tender documentation could lead to situations when the main aim of the procurement, namely to deliver best value for money, is not achieved. In this context, the article provides arguments how the principle of proportionality could solve this problem. In addition, the author pays attention to the national courts as well as the Court of Justice of the European Union practice on proportionality issues in public procurement. REFERENCES 1. Burca Gd. The principle of proportionality and its application in EC law. Yearbook of European Law. 1993. No. 13. P. 105-153.2. Pohrebniak S.P. Pryntsyp proportsiinosti v ukrainskii yurydychnii praktytsi ta praktytsi YeSPL. Pravove zabezpechennia efektyvnoho vykonannia rishen i zastosuvannia praktyky Yevropeiskoho sudu z prav liudyny: zb. nauk. ct. Mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf., 15 veresnia 2012 r. Za red. S.V. Kivalova; NU "OIuA". Odesa: Feniks, 2012. P. 294-310 [in Ukrainian].3. Belianevych O.A. Principle of proportionality in Economic Law. Economics and Law. 2019. No. 1 (52). P. 3-10. https://doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2019.01.003 [in Ukrainian].4. Petrunenko Ya.V. Combination of direct and indirect economic and legal means of ensuring the effective use of public funds: search of optimal models. Constitutional State. 2019. No. 33. P. 86-91. https://doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2019.33.162059 [in Ukrainian].5. Olefir A.O. Problems of protection of the rights of participants in public procurement. Theory and Practice of Jurisprudence. 2018. Vol. 1, iss. 13. https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2018.13.120978 [in Ukrainian].6. Olefir A.O. Problems of public procurement in comparison with european experience. Theory and Practice of Jurisprudence. 2017. Vol. 1, iss. 11. https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2017.11.89582 [in Ukrainian].7. Proportionality Guide. 1st revision. Stichting Instituut voor Bouwrecht, 2016. 66 p.8. Hebly J.M., Meesters J. The Proportionality Principle in the Dutch Public Procurement Act. European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review. 2014. Vol. 9, iss. 4. P. 266-270.9. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 18.06.2018 No. 5889-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].10. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 17.10.2018 No. 10650-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].11. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 29.08.2019 No. 12041-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].12. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 15.04.2019 No. 4539-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].13. Graells A.S. Public Procurement and the EU competition rules. 2nd edition. United Kingdom: Hart Publishing, 2015. 570 p.14. Hryha Yu. Za misiats vuhillia podorozhchaty na 80% mozhe tilky v dytiachomu sanatoriiu. Dozorro. 2018. URL: https://dozorro.org/blog/za-misyac-vugillya-podorozhchati-na-80-mozhe-tilki-v-dityachomu-sanatoriyi [in Ukrainian].15. Case T-211/02, Tideland Signal vs. Commission. E.C.R. II-3781. 2002. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/showPdf.jsf;jsessionid=80DA331A2BC82A494B626D796DA5CDB8?text=&docid=47726&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=533820216. Postanova u spravi No. 712/10639/16-p vid 07.12.2016. Apeliatsiinyi sud Cherkaskoi oblasti. URL: http://www.reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/63267924?fbclid=IwAR1A8ghcF0h6OrW6Zyb4rBLu_bu9n4_eRz-EBMhIuRHbRg4x2nJVLlYGko [in Ukrainian].17. Rishennia Postiino diiuchoi administratyvnoi kolehii Antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy z rozghliadu skarh pro porushennia zakonodavstva u sferi publichnykh zakupivel 31.05.2019 No. 6992-r/pk-pz [in Ukrainian].18. "Spetsializovana khimichna produktsiia" (UA-2019-05-21-001267-a). URL: https://prozorro.gov.ua/tender/UA-2019-05-21-001267-a [in Ukrainian].19. Pysmenna M.S. Kontrol dotrymannia pryntsypiv derzhavnykh zakupivel. Naukovyi visnyk Mizhnarodnoho hu manitarnoho universytetu. Seriia: Ekonomika i menedzhment. 2016. Iss. 22. P. 176-179 [in Ukrainian].20. Elektronne obladnannia (UA-2018-04-29-000009-a). URL: https://prozorro.gov.ua/tender/UA-2018-04-29-000009-a [in Ukrainian].21. Postanova u Spravi No. 826/10555/18 27.08.2019. Verkhovnyi Sud u skladi kolehii suddiv Kasatsiinoho administratyvnoho sudu. URL: http://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/83883511?fbclid=IwAR0NgfvAHHvY1ptEh-y4toKSS0TtdTlLSuP3SHYP5ZuWyMg7ERUvagqCf1c [in Ukrainian].22. Bogdanowicz P. The Application of the Principle of Proportionality to Modifications of Public Contracts. European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review. 2016. Vol. 11, iss. 3. P. 194-204. https://doi.org/10.21552/epppl/2016/3/823. Case C-213/07, Michaniki vs. Ethiniko Simvoulio Radiotileorasis, Ipourgos Epikratias. E.C.R. I-9999. 2008. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?language=en&num=C-213/0724. Case C-376/08, Serrantoni Srl, Consorzio vs. Comune di Milano. E.C.R.I-12169. 2009. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=77182&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=1311484325. Postanova u spravi No. 920/353/17 26.09.2017. Kharkivskyi apeliatsiinyi hospodarskyi sud. URL: http://www.reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/69258468 [in Ukrainian].26. Sanchez-Graells A. Truly Competitive Public Procurement as a Europe 2020 Lever: What Role for the Principle of Competition in Moderating Horizontal Policies? European Public Law. 2016. Vol. 22, iss. 2. P. 377-394.27. Wiesbrock A. An obligation for sustainable procurement? Gauging the potential impact of article 11 TFEU on public contracting in the EU. Legal Issues of Economic Integration. 2013. Vol. 40, iss. 2. P.105-132.28. Case C-346/06, Dirk Ruffert vs. Land Niedersachsen. E.C.R. I-1989. 2008. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=71030&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=193389029. Case C-549/13, Bundesdruckerei GmbH vs. Stadt Dortmund. 2014. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?num=C-549/1330. Case C-115/14, RegioPost GmbH & Co. KG vs. Stadt Landau in der Pfalz. 2015. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?num=C-115/1431. Case C-491/01, The Queen and Secretary of State for Health v British American Tobacco. ECR I-11453. 2002. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=47582&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=1938904 Досліджено сутність принципу пропорційності у публічних закупівлях, визначену через категорію обмеження дискреції замовників під час усіх етапів закупівлі, що може слугувати додатковою гарантією для захисту учасників тендеру від дискримінаційних вимог, які є завищеними або не є об’єктивно виправданими; категорію узгодження дій законодавця у частині визначення нормативно-правових засад здійснення публічних закупівель із економіко-правовою метою таких закупівель; категорію визначення меж можливих обмежень конкуренції під час здійснення закупівлі, які обумовлені публічним інтересом. Акцентовано увагу на ролі принципу пропорційності у разі реалізації «горизонтальних» цілей у публічних закупівлях. V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2019-11-30 Article Article application/pdf https://economiclaw.kiev.ua/index.php/economiclaw/article/view/958 10.15407/econlaw.2019.04.045 Economics and Law; No 4 (55) (2019): Economics and Law; 45 - 59 Экономика и право; No 4 (55) (2019): Economics and Law; 45 - 59 Економіка та право; No 4 (55) (2019): Economics and Law; 45 - 59 2523-4838 1681-6277 10.15407/econlaw.2019.04 uk https://economiclaw.kiev.ua/index.php/economiclaw/article/view/958/917 |