Problems of creating scientific and methodological bases of spent nuclear fuel dry cask storage thermal safety in Ukraine

• Дата: 2018
• Автор: Alyokhina, Svitlana V.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: English; Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Інститут енергетичних машин і систем ім. А. М. Підгорного Національної академії наук України 2018
• Теми: thermal safety; spent nuclear fuel; thermal processes; emergency situations; normal operating conditions; dry storage; dry modular storage; UDC 536. 24; 621. 039.584; тепловая безопасность; отработавшее ядерное топливо; тепловые процессы; аварийные ситуации; нормальные условия эксплуатации; сухое контейнерное хранилище; сухое модульное хранилище; УДК 536. 24; теплова безпека; відпрацьоване ядерне паливо; теплові процеси; аварійні ситуації; нормальні умови експлуатації; сухе контейнерне сховище; сухе модульне сховище
• Онлайн доступ: https://journals.uran.ua/jme/article/view/144148
• Назва журналу: Energy Technologies & Resource Saving

An analytical review of modern researches into spent nuclear fuel (SNF) dry cask storage, or dry storage thermal processes is presented and problems of creating scientific and methodological foundations for SNF dry storage thermal safety are discussed. The results of researches into normal and emergency operating conditions for SNF storage facilities (SF), as well as those of scientific achievements aimed at increasing the efficiency of the main equipment and general safety level of SFs are considered. Advantages and disadvantages of modern approaches to thermal research during SNF storage are presented. In numerical studies, computational resources are the main limiting factor, which is why within the framework of the conservative approach that dominate in safety analysis, use geometric simplifications, equivalent thermal properties of individual components, or simplify the task, considering part of the object under the most probable operating conditions. When highlighting the state of the problem of thermal research into emergency storage regimes, it is shown that there are no researches into a number of emergency situations, no attention is paid to the generalization of the results of existing researches and, as a rule, the fuel temperatures directly in storage containers are not determined, which significantly limits the value of such results. This paper highlights directions for carrying out optimization researches into the dry storage of SNF from nuclear power reactors, substantiates the need for research in predicting  SNF thermal state and works aimed at creating special protective structures whose main function will be to improve the thermal state of both fuel and basic equipment. The need to formalize the thermal processes that take place during SNF storage and inclusion of the results into the scientific and methodological bases for SNFSFs operation safety are indicated.