Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System
The study shows that the high concentration of energy facilities within Ukraine’s territorial-industrial regions on relatively small plots of land has made them highly vulnerable during military operations. Thus, since the start of the large-scale invasion, the energy sector has lost up to 30% of it...
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| Мова: | Англійська Українська |
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Інститут енергетичних машин і систем ім. А. М. Підгорного Національної академії наук України
2026
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| author | Соловей, В. В. Зіпунніков, М. М. Воробйова, І. О. Авраменко, А. М. Птушка, А. С. |
| author_facet | Соловей, В. В. Зіпунніков, М. М. Воробйова, І. О. Авраменко, А. М. Птушка, А. С. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "В. В. Соловей",
"institution": "Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of NAS of Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "М. М. Зіпунніков",
"institution": "Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of NAS of Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "І. О. Воробйова",
"institution": "Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of NAS of Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "А. М. Авраменко",
"institution": "Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University"
},
{
"author": "А. С. Птушка",
"institution": "Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University"
}
] |
| author_sort | Соловей, В. В. |
| baseUrl_str | https://journals.uran.ua/jme/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-28T12:52:53Z |
| description | The study shows that the high concentration of energy facilities within Ukraine’s territorial-industrial regions on relatively small plots of land has made them highly vulnerable during military operations. Thus, since the start of the large-scale invasion, the energy sector has lost up to 30% of its installed capacity, which has a severely negative impact on the stability of the power system and hinders the ability to meet the needs of industrial and residential electricity consumers. The aim of this study is to analyze the possibility of creating additional power generation capacity based on Ukraine’s gas transmission system energy technology equipment through the reconstruction and modernization of gas turbine units (GTUs) and the creation of an extensive network of small- and medium-capacity power plants based on them. A comprehensive systematic analysis of the structure and operating conditions of the energy-technological equipment fleet of gas pumping stations was carried out with the aim of improving the efficiency of existing power-generating systems and identifying promising directions for their modernization. It has been determined that increasing the inlet pressure by 10–12 kPa boosts the power output of the GT-35-770 power plant by 21–22%, which corresponds to 6.9–7.0 MW of additional electricity. Particular attention was devoted to the integration of gas turbine and steam turbine technologies into a unified combined-cycle system. A process flow diagram that utilizes excess natural gas pressure in the turboexpander to generate energy, which can be used to increase the initial air pressure at the gas turbine inlet using high-pressure fans, has been developed. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to extensively modernize gas turbine units by implementing combined cycle technologies and modifying the design of gas combustion systems. The research confirmed the feasibility of deep modernization of existing gas turbine units through the implementation of combined-cycle technologies, the integration of waste heat recovery systems, and the improvement of gas combustion chamber designs. In particular, the utilization of the thermal potential of GTU exhaust gases in the steam turbine section of the combined cycle makes it possible to limit the compressor pressure ratio to πk≤15. This contributes to a simplification of compressor design, a reduction in mechanical loads on system components, and a decrease in the amount of additionally compressed gas circulating within the GTU cycle. According to the obtained technical and economic assessments, the implementation of the proposed modernization solutions may increase the installed capacity of the Ukrainian power system by approximately 4.0-5.0 GW. This can be achieved under conditions of relatively moderate capital investments estimated at $250-270/kW of installed capacity. In addition, the projected payback period does not exceed 2-2.5 years, which confirms the high economic attractiveness and practical feasibility of introducing advanced combined-cycle and turboexpander technologies into the national energy sector. |
| first_indexed | 2026-07-29T01:00:23Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
POWER ENGINEERING
ISSN 2709-2984. Journal of Mechanical Engineering – Problemy Mashynobuduvannia, 2026, vol. 29, no. 2 34
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/pmach2026.02.034
UDC 621.165
DEVELOPMENT
OF AN EXTENSIVE NETWORK
OF POWER-GENERATING
MANEUVERING CAPACITIES
BASED ON THE EXISTING
INFRASTRUCTURE
OF UKRAINE'S GAS
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
1 Viktor V. Solovei
solovey_v_v@ukr.net
ORCID: 0000-0002-5444-8922
1 Mykola M. Zipunnikov
zipunnikov_n@ukr.net
ORCID: 0000-0002-0579-2962
1 Iryna O. Vorobiova
vorobjova_i@ukr.net
ORCID: 0000-0002-1712-8831
1, 2 Andrii M. Avramenko
an0100@ukr.net
ORCID: 0000-0001-8130-1881
2 Anastasiia S. Ptushka
inmov.department@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0003-3177-5370
1 Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute
of Power Machines and Systems
of NAS of Ukraine,
2/10, Komunalnykiv str., Kharkiv, 61046, Ukraine
2 Kharkiv National Automobile and
Highway University,
25, Yaroslava Mudroho str., Kharkiv,
61002, Ukraine
The study shows that the high concentration of energy facilities within
Ukraine’s territorial-industrial regions on relatively small plots of land
has made them highly vulnerable during military operations. Thus,
since the start of the large-scale invasion, the energy sector has lost up
to 30% of its installed capacity, which has a severely negative impact
on the stability of the power system and hinders the ability to meet the
needs of industrial and residential electricity consumers. The aim of this
study is to analyze the possibility of creating additional power genera-
tion capacity based on Ukraine’s gas transmission system energy tech-
nology equipment through the reconstruction and modernization of gas
turbine units (GTUs) and the creation of an extensive network of small-
and medium-capacity power plants based on them. A comprehensive
systematic analysis of the structure and operating conditions of the en-
ergy-technological equipment fleet of gas pumping stations was carried
out with the aim of improving the efficiency of existing power-
generating systems and identifying promising directions for their mod-
ernization. It has been determined that increasing the inlet pressure by
10–12 kPa boosts the power output of the GT-35-770 power plant by
21–22%, which corresponds to 6.9–7.0 MW of additional electricity.
Particular attention was devoted to the integration of gas turbine and
steam turbine technologies into a unified combined-cycle system. A
process flow diagram that utilizes excess natural gas pressure in the
turboexpander to generate energy, which can be used to increase the
initial air pressure at the gas turbine inlet using high-pressure fans, has
been developed. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to exten-
sively modernize gas turbine units by implementing combined cycle
technologies and modifying the design of gas combustion systems. The
research confirmed the feasibility of deep modernization of existing gas
turbine units through the implementation of combined-cycle technolo-
gies, the integration of waste heat recovery systems, and the improve-
ment of gas combustion chamber designs. In particular, the utilization
of the thermal potential of GTU exhaust gases in the steam turbine sec-
tion of the combined cycle makes it possible to limit the compressor
pressure ratio to πk≤15. This contributes to a simplification of compres-
sor design, a reduction in mechanical loads on system components, and
a decrease in the amount of additionally compressed gas circulating
within the GTU cycle. According to the obtained technical and eco-
nomic assessments, the implementation of the proposed modernization
solutions may increase the installed capacity of the Ukrainian power
system by approximately 4.0-5.0 GW. This can be achieved under con-
ditions of relatively moderate capital investments estimated at $250-
270/kW of installed capacity. In addition, the projected payback period
does not exceed 2-2.5 years, which confirms the high economic attrac-
tiveness and practical feasibility of introducing advanced combined-
cycle and turboexpander technologies into the national energy sector.
Keywords: electricity, gas transmission system, energy capacity, fan,
air, pressure.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Viktor V. Solovei, Mykola M. Zipunnikov, Iryna O. Vorobiova, Andrii M. Avramenko, Anastasiia S. Ptushka, 2026
ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНЕ МАШИНОБУДУВАННЯ
ISSN 2709-2984. Проблеми машинобудування. 2026. Т. 29. № 2 35
Introduction
The energy complex of Ukraine was created in the 1960s and 1970s [1]. The implementation of a
strategy that aimed to maximize the concentration of energy capacities within territorial and industrial re-
gions on relatively small land areas resulted in their high vulnerability during military operations. Thus, since
the beginning of the large-scale invasion, the energy sector has lost up to 30% of its installed capacities,
which has an extremely negative impact on the stability of the energy system and prevents the satisfaction of
the electricity needs of industrial and municipal consumers. Due to the significant impact of military opera-
tions on the energy infrastructure, an increase in electricity shortages should be expected, especially during
peak loads at energy facilities. Therefore, the urgent problem is not only the restoration of damaged capaci-
ties, but also the creation of a more reliable and less vulnerable infrastructure by branching out the network
of energy generating enterprises and increasing their autonomy.
In conditions of financial resources shortage and limited possibilities of new energy equipment pro-
duction, it is urgent to involve energy technological equipment from related sectors of the fuel and energy
complex, in particular, the Ukraine’s gas transportation system (GTS), in energy generation.
The gas transportation system consists of:
– gas pipelines of various types (main, distribution, jumpers);
– underground gas storage facilities;
– gas distribution stations;
– gas control points;
– compressor stations;
– supply and branch sections.
The total storage capacity is over 32 billion cubic meters of gas with a maximum possible injection
of 250 million cubic meters per day.
In terms of the total active gas volume and productivity, the gas transportation system of Ukraine
ranks third in the world. This is almost 9% of the world's gas storage capacity. One of the largest global gas
transportation operators – the Ukrainian GTS – is able to function even in very difficult wartime conditions.
The aim of the paper is to analyze the possibility of creating additional energy capacities on the basis
of the energy technological equipment of the GTS of Ukraine by reconstructing and modernizing of gas tur-
bine units (GTUs) and creating an extensive system of small and medium-power power plants on their basis.
Research object
The gas transportation system of Ukraine is one of
the largest gas transportation systems in the world, the
scheme and technical characteristics of which as of 2019 are
given in Fig. 1 and in Table 1 [2, 3]. The GTS performs two
main functions: providing domestic consumers with natural
gas, as well as transiting natural gas through the territory of
Ukraine to the countries of Western and Central Europe.
Thus, the gas pumping unit fleet consists of more
than 700 units, including 448 with gas turbine drive, 158 with
electric drive, and 96 gas motor compressors, with a total
Fig. 1. Gas transportation system of Ukraine
capacity of 5,440 MW. They are located at 73 compressor stations, which include 111 compressor shops, and
represent a powerful material and technical base suitable for transformation into an energy-generating compo-
nent of the Ukrainian power system [2].
Traditional measures are being taken to create and maintain in an operational state the regulating and
shunting capacities designed to ensure peak and semi-peak loads in the Ukrainian power system. However,
during the war, a new challenge arose that was practically unpredictable in terms of time and scale - damage
to power-generating and power-transmitting equipment as a result of missile attacks on infrastructure. This
requires new approaches to creating additional, more diversified capacities capable of generating additional
electricity to support the operation of the power system in a sustainable mode. To solve this problem, it is
advisable to reconstruct and modernize existing thermal power plants along with the restoration.
POWER ENGINEERING
ISSN 2709-2984. Journal of Mechanical Engineering – Problemy Mashynobuduvannia, 2026, vol. 29, no. 2 36
Table 1. Characteristics of the gas transportation system of Ukraine as of 2019 [2, 3]
GTS parameters Unit of measurement Quantity
Total length of gas pipelines 37600.177
including:
main gas pipelines 22007.472
main gas pipelines-branches 13123.527
distribution gas pipelines
km
2469.178
Compressor stations, taking into account the ownership of JSС GASTRANSIT pcs. 73
Compressor shops, taking into account the property of JSС GASTRANSIT pcs. 111
Gas pumping units, taking into account the property of JSС GASTRANSIT pcs. 705
Compressor station capacity MW 5496
Gas distribution stations pcs. 1473
Considering the structure of installed
power capacities on the GTS, in the event of
their reconstruction, it is quite possible to create
70–80 additional small power plants based on
existing equipment, placing them at a distance of
100 km from each other, which increases the
survivability of the power generating system in
conditions of missile attacks. In addition, if 60–
70% of the existing equipment is used to create
additional capacities, the generation of 3–4 GW
of electricity will be ensured. This will signifi-
cantly reduce the existing deficit, which is 8–
9 GW. The involvement of combined heat and
power technologies in the reconstruction process
will further add 20–25% to the installed capacity
without additional fuel gas consumption. Analy-
sis of the technological scheme of a typical gas
pumping station (GPS) (Fig. 2) shows that it
Fig. 2. Turboblock of the bench-mounted block-complete unit of
container design GPA-C-6.3V/56-1.45:
1 – frame; 2 – gas pipeline; 3 – engine D-336-2/1; 4 – volute;
5 – torsion shaft; 6 – compressor NTsV-6.3/56-1.45; 7 – turboblock
container; 8 – oil tank; 9 – hermetic partition between the magnetic
motor and centrifugal compressor compartments
includes the main components necessary to create a power GTU by supplementing it with an electric generator
to produce electrical energy [4, 5].
Research methodology
The location of the proposed gas turbine in close proximity to the high-pressure gas main (6–7 MPa)
allows, by using excess pressure in the turboexpander unit, to obtain additional power, which is calculated by
the formula
)1()1( /)1(
E
p
GTU
2E
kkk
KTRm
N
,
where Т2
GTU – is the temperature of the GTU gas outlet; m – is the fuel gas flow rate, kg/s; Kp is the recovery
coefficient; k=ср/сv is the adiabatic index; πE is the pressure drop in the turboexpander.
To perform more detailed calculations of work processes taking into account the dependence of the
thermophysical properties of the working fluid on temperature and pressure and to determine the current val-
ues of the process parameters, it is necessary to use reference tabular data or universal software complexes.
Data on the value of the adiabatic index for methane in the range of parameters corresponding to the consid-
ered option of the GTU technological scheme are given in Table 2.
At the stage of development and optimization of the design of a turboexpander with high thermo-
and gasdynamic characteristics of the flow part, it is advisable to apply methodological approaches to the
calculation and design of the main elements of the turbomachine, which are set out in [6].
ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНЕ МАШИНОБУДУВАННЯ
ISSN 2709-2984. Проблеми машинобудування. 2026. Т. 29. № 2 37
Table 2. Thermophysical properties of methane in the temperature range 300–700 K
No.
Temperature,
K
Pressure,
MPa
Density,
kg/m3
Enthalpy,
kJ/kg
Entropy,
kJ/(kh·K)
cv,
kJ/(kg·K)
cp,
kJ/(kg·K)
cp0,
kJ/(kg·K)
cp/cv
1 300 3.5 23.882 880.57 4.7701 1.7467 2.4560 2.2301 1.4061
2 350 3.5 19.887 1004.30 5.1515 1.8693 2.5094 2.3663 1.3424
3 400 3.5 17.131 1132.60 5.4940 2.0272 2.6307 2.5312 1.2977
4 450 3.5 15,088 1267.90 5.8126 2.2036 2.7851 2.7118 1.2639
5 500 3.5 13.502 1411.40 6.1147 2.3881 2.9551 2.8989 1.2374
6 550 3.5 12.230 1563.50 6.4046 2.5741 3.1312 3.0868 1.2164
7 600 3.5 11.184 1724.50 6.6846 2.7581 3.3080 3.2720 1.1994
8 650 3.5 10.307 1894.30 6.9563 2.9379 3.4824 3.4527 1.1854
9 700 3.5 9.5611 2072.70 7.2207 3.1122 3.6527 3.6278 1.1737
As a result of the calculation, the power of the turboexpander according to the parameters of the
GT-35–770 is 1.5–1.7 MW, which is quite sufficient for driving the fan. If it is necessary to increase the
power of the turboexpander, it is advisable to increase the inlet temperature by burning a small amount of gas
with high efficiency of using the energy of additional fuel.
The technological scheme of a GTU with an
expander-fan system for increasing the initial air pres-
sure is shown in Fig. 3.
The balance of material and energy flows ac-
cording to the energy-technological scheme of the com-
bined GTU with turboexpander supercharging, built on
the basis of GT-35-770, has the following characteristics:
– electric power 32 MW;
– efficiency 23.8%;
– initial temperature 770 °C;
– compression ratio 6.5;
– air flow rate 215 kg/s;
– fuel gas flow rate 2.9 kg/s;
– gas temperature at the turbine outlet 430 °C;
– specific fuel consumption 0.3 kg/(kWh).
Fig. 3. Scheme of a GTU with an expander-fan system:
1 – compressor; 2 – turbine; 3 – electric generator;
4 – combustion chamber; 5 – turboexpander; 6 – heat
recuperator; 7 – high-pressure fan; 8 – main pipeline
The paper [7] provides data on the VDN-25×2M unit, which indicate that under conditions of in-
creasing air pressure to 110 kPa, the energy consumption for the fan drive to supply 215 kg/s of air does not
exceed 1.5–1.7 MW. This power must be generated by the turboexpander. To determine the power of the
turboexpander, we will use the equation for the adiabatic process of expansion of the working fluid [8].
We will correct it according to the developed scheme (Fig. 3) by introducing the heat recovery coef-
ficient, which takes into account the influence of external thermodynamic irreversibility caused by the final
temperature difference in the recuperative heat exchanger in the process of transferring heat from the exhaust
gases of the gas turbine to the fuel gas, which is the working fluid in the turboexpander. For this, we will
provide an estimate of the external irreversibility using the heat recovery efficiency coefficient, which, in
relation to the option under consideration, has the form
GTU
E
1
GTU
2
T
TT
K p
,
where Т1
E is the fuel gas temperature at the inlet to the turboexpander.
Fig. 4 shows, in accordance with the passport data, the dependence of the main indicators of the GT-
35-770 GTU manufactured by JSC "Ukrainian Energy Machines" (until recently JSC "Turboatom" and JSC
"Electrotyazhmash") on the temperature and pressure of the outside air [9–14].
POWER ENGINEERING
ISSN 2709-2984. Journal of Mechanical Engineering – Problemy Mashynobuduvannia, 2026, vol. 29, no. 2 38
The increase in the initial air pressure
significantly affects the power of the GTU.
Thus, an increase in the air pressure from
96 kPa to 100 kPa (by 4%) provides an increase
in the power of the GTU from 32.1 MW to
34.2 MW (i.e. by 9% relative). The linear na-
ture of the dependence of power on the initial
pressure of combustion air allows us to extrapo-
late data on the change in power under condi-
tions of an increase in pressure by 10 kPa. Such
air pressure is provided by high-pressure fans
of the VDN-25×2M type.
The power that must be used for the
electric drive of the high-pressure fan can be
obtained in a turboexpander unit by operating
the fuel gas pressure with the regeneration of
the heat of the exhaust gases. In the case of an
increase in the initial pressure to 110 kPa, the
GTU power will increase by 22%, which in
absolute terms corresponds to 7.7 MW. Such an
increase in capacity justifies the use of more
complex technological schemes of gas turbine
Fig. 4. Dependence of the main indicators of the GT-35-770 GTU
of JSC "Ukrainian Energy Machines" on the temperature and
pressure of the outside air:
1 – exhaust gas temperature; 2 – plant capacity at an air pressure
at the compressor inlet of 100 kPa; 3 – plant capacity at an air
pressure at the compressor inlet of 98 kPa; 4 – plant capacity at an air
pressure at the compressor inlet of 96 kPa; 5 – compressor
performance; 6 – GTU efficiency
plants. Further improvement of the GTU efficiency during the reconstruction of GTS can be ensured by im-
plementing steam-gas technologies for energy generation using the developed technological scheme of a GTU
with turboexpander air supercharging as a component of a gas turbine plant [13]. The feasibility of practical
application of such an approach should be substantiated by detailed studies of the reconstruction project of a
specific GPS in order to convert it into a power plant with high efficiency, which is important for the energy-
efficient use of natural gas in conditions of reducing its own production to a critically low level.
Analysis of results and prospects for their application
It is known that the integration of the gas turbine (GTU) and steam turbine (STU) cycles leads to a
significant increase in the efficiency of the combined-cycle gas plant (CCGP), which, in turn, depends on the
efficiency of the steam and gas cycles and the ratio of the amounts of heat used in each of these units. When
implementing a gas superstructure to existing power plants, there are limitations associated with the need to
ensure the consumption and temperature parameters of the operation of the existing equipment, in particular,
the STU steam generator for generating steam with parameters that meet the requirements for the working
fluid of the steam turbine. Since part of the fuel energy in the case of the superstructure is used in the GTU
for operation, it is necessary to introduce additional energy to maintain the volumes of its supply to the steam
turbine cycle. From a thermodynamic point of view, the most effective way is to supply an additional volume
of gas to the GTU combustion chamber. However, in this option, the temperature of the exhaust gases usu-
ally does not exceed 500 С, which is lower than the temperature required for the operation of the steam
generator. Therefore, it is necessary to heat them up to the nominal temperature.
It is possible to eliminate additional heat input into the steam generator by implementing a process
that is close to isothermal into the gas turbine. In practice, this can be implemented using a specially de-
signed gas turbine design with sequential heat input during gas expansion. The development of modern tech-
nologies and the use of new structural heat-resistant materials based on the so-called viscous ceramics and
nickel-manganese steels or chromium alloys allow for an increase in the operating temperature of turbine
blades by 200–500 °C and, as a result, an increase in cycle efficiency. New technical and technological ca-
pabilities make it possible to abandon traditional designs for stepwise heat input with remote combustion
chambers and open up prospects for using the inter-disk space of the turbine as intermediate annular combus-
tion chambers. In this case, through the cooling system of the blade apparatus, it is possible to introduce fuel
ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНЕ МАШИНОБУДУВАННЯ
ISSN 2709-2984. Проблеми машинобудування. 2026. Т. 29. № 2 39
in a circle into the inter-disk space, turning it into a combustion chamber with a high degree of turbulization.
As a result of effective mixing, a uniform flame front is formed, which is supported by high-temperature sur-
faces of the flow part. To stabilize combustion, these elements must have a metal-ceramic coating that has
catalytic properties, thanks to which the fuel oxidation process is intensified. Such heat supply brings the
expansion process closer to isothermal, in which all the additionally supplied heat is converted into work. In
this case, the temperature of the gases at the turbine outlet will be higher, which largely meets the needs of
the steam generator. Using the thermal potential of the gas turbine exhaust gases in the steam turbine part of
the combined cycle allows to limit ourselves to a compression ratio of к≤15, which simplifies the compres-
sor design and minimizes the volume of additionally compressed gas in the GTU.
To increase the GTU efficiency by reducing the amount of combustion air and, consequently, the work
spent on its compression, it is advisable to inject superheated water or wet steam with a low degree of dryness
x>0.6 to bring the gas temperature to a technically acceptable level. The use of water in the liquid phase will
significantly reduce its consumption compared to steam cooling. However, this requires the development of a
special design of the gas cooler to prevent droplet moisture from entering the flow part of the gas turbine.
Technically, this can be implemented by installing a ceramic nozzle with low hydraulic resistance at the outlet
of the combustion chamber. When the gas turbine operates in an open circuit, regardless of whether water is
used in the liquid or vapor phase, it needs to be replenished. In known designs, to compensate for water losses
at the outlet of the steam generator, a contact gas-liquid heat exchanger is installed (by analogy with the
"Vodolii" system) to capture water vapor from the combustion products. The high content of water vapor in the
combustion products allows, even with its partial condensation (at the level of 70–80%), to obtain the necessary
volume of water that is utilized for the operation of the gas cooling system.
At the stage of processing technical proposals for the project of modernization of the thermal power
plant, data that allow determining the choice of the technological scheme and the influence of the operating
parameters of the main elements on the integral energy characteristics are required[15, 16]. The dependence
of the efficiency of the CCGP on the efficiency of the GTU and the STU, taking into account the additionally
supplied heat, can be established using the equation [19]
2
GTUGTU
STUCCGPGTU
CCGP 1
)1(
,
where ηCCGP is the efficiency of a combined cycle plant; ηGTU is the efficiency of a gas turbine plant; ηSTU is
the efficiency of a steam turbine plant.
The calculations set the range of changes in the efficiency of the steam and gas parts, mastered by
the energy industry [15–18]. Fig. 5 shows the efficiency of a combined cycle plant for generating electricity
with different combinations of integrated cycles.
The analysis of the obtained results shows that even with moderate indicators of thermodynamic effi-
ciency of the elements integrated into the combined scheme of the CCGP, a level of efficiency that is unattainable
by other megawatt power plants known today is ensured. The small specific volume of the pre-connected gas
turbine part (0.6–0.7 m3/kW)allows them to be placed during
modernization in the premises occupied by steam turbine power
units. Due to this, it is possible to use the production areas of
existing gas turbine power plants to accommodate additional
equipment, which reduces financial costs during the reconstruc-
tion of energy facilities. During cogeneration modernization of
existing energy equipment through the use of the existing con-
struction and technical base, the cost of a unit of additional in-
stalled electric generating capacity does not exceed $ 250–270
per 1 kW. Such projects have a relatively short commissioning
period and are characterized by lower specific capital costs
compared to new plants, while simultaneously reducing the
payback period of the invested investments to 2–2.5 years.
Fig. 5. Dependence of the integral efficiency of a
CCGP on the efficiency values of GTU and STU:
1 – 0.4; 2 – 0.3; 3 – 0.2
POWER ENGINEERING
ISSN 2709-2984. Journal of Mechanical Engineering – Problemy Mashynobuduvannia, 2026, vol. 29, no. 2 40
Conclusions
1. A systematic analysis of the structure of the technological fleet of energy technology equipment of
the gas turbine power plant was carried out and it was found that 60–70% of their equipment can be used to
create gas turbine power plants for the development of an extensive network of autonomous gas turbine power
plants with a capacity of 10–30 MW using the technical base of the gas turbine power plant, which will ensure
higher survivability of the electricity generation system in conditions of permanent missile and drone attacks.
2. The effect of increasing the initial air pressure on the power of the GT-35-770 power plant was
studied and it was found that increasing the initial pressure by 10 kPa increases its power by 22%, which cor-
responds to 7.7 MW of additional electricity.
3. A technological scheme was developed using excess pressure of natural gas in a turboexpander to
obtain energy, which can be used to increase the initial air pressure at the inlet to the gas turbine power plant
using high-pressure fans that use the energy obtained from the turboexpander.
4. Considering the ratio of energy consumed to increase the initial air pressure to that obtained by in-
creasing the GTU capacity as 1:5, in the absence of excess fuel gas pressure, it is advisable to use an electric
drive of a high-pressure fan. This will expand the range of GTUs that can be involved in modernization in the
proposed way.
5. The possibility of deep modernization of GTUs is shown not only by implementing steam-gas tech-
nologies and making changes to the design of gas combustion systems, but also by using excess pressure in the
turboexpander system of the fan drive. According to the results of the modernization, the capacity of installed
power equipment in the power system of Ukraine will be increased by 4.0–5.0 GW under conditions of moder-
ate capital investments at the level of $ 250–270/kW with a payback period not exceeding 2–2.5 years.
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Received 12 May 2026 Accepted 21 May 2026 Published 30 June 2026
POWER ENGINEERING
ISSN 2709-2984. Journal of Mechanical Engineering – Problemy Mashynobuduvannia, 2026, vol. 29, no. 2 42
Розбудова розгалуженої мережі енергогенеруючих маневрових потужностей на базі наявної
інфраструктури ГТС України
1 В. В. Соловей, 1 М. М. Зіпунніков, 1 І. О. Воробйова, 1, 2 А. М. Авраменко, 2 А. С. Птушка
1 Інститут енергетичних машин і систем ім. А. М. Підгорного НАН України,
61046, Україна, м. Харків, вул. Комунальників, 2/10
2 Харківський національний автомобільно-дорожній університет,
61002, м. Харків, вул. Ярослава Мудрого, 25
У роботі показано, що максимальна концентрація енергетичних потужностей в межах територіально-
промислових регіонів України на відносно невеликих земельних ділянках зумовила їх велику вразливість під час
військових дій. Так, із початку великомасштабного вторгнення енергетична галузь втратила до 30% встанов-
лених потужностей, що вкрай негативно впливає на сталість роботи енергосистеми і перешкоджає задово-
ленню потреб в електроенергії промислових і комунально-побутових споживачів. Метою роботи є аналіз мо-
жливості створення додаткових енергетичних потужностей на базі енерготехнологічного обладнання газо-
транспортної системи України шляхом реконструкції та модернізації газотурбінних установок (ГТУ) і ство-
рення на їх базі розгалуженої системи електростанцій малої і середньої потужності. Проведено системний
аналіз структури технопарку енерготехнологічного обладнання газоперекачувальних станцій. Встановлено,
що підвищення початкового тиску на 10–12 кПа збільшує потужність енергоустановки ГТ-35-770 на 21–22%,
що відповідає 6,9–7,0 МВт додаткової електроенергії. Інтеграція циклів газо- та паротурбінних установок
приводить до суттєвого підвищення ККД парогазової установки, який залежить від ККД парового і газового
циклів і співвідношення обсягів теплоти, що використовуються в кожній з цих установок. Розроблено техно-
логічну схему із застосуванням надлишкового тиску природного газу в турбодетандері для отримання енергії,
яку можна використати для підвищення початкового тиску повітря на вході в ГТУ за допомогою високонапір-
них вентиляторів. Доведено, що існує можливість глибокої модернізації ГТУ за рахунок втілення парогазових
технологій та внесення змін до конструкції систем спалювання газу. Використання термічного потенціалу
відпрацьованих газів ГТУ в паротурбінній частині комбінованого циклу дозволяє обмежитися ступенем стис-
нення πк≤15, що спрощує конструкцію компресора і зводить до мінімуму обсяги додатково стисненого газу в
циклі ГТУ. За результатами модернізації буде збільшено потужність встановленого енергообладнання в енер-
госистемі України на 4,0–5,0 ГВт за умов помірних капіталовкладень на рівні 250–270 $/кВт із строком окуп-
ності, що не перевищує 2–2,5 роки.
Ключові слова: електроенергія, газотранспортна система, енергетичні потужності, вентилятор,
повітря, тиск.
Література
1. Товажнянський Л. Л., Левченко Б. О. Паливно-енергетичний комплекс. Стратегія розвитку. Харків: НТУ
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| spelling | oai:ojs.journals.uran.ua:article-3679492026-07-28T12:52:53Z Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System Розбудова розгалуженої мережі енергогенеруючих маневрових потужностей на базі наявної інфраструктури ГТС України Розбудова розгалуженої мережі енергогенеруючих маневрових потужностей на базі наявної інфраструктури ГТС України Соловей, В. В. Зіпунніков, М. М. Воробйова, І. О. Авраменко, А. М. Птушка, А. С. The study shows that the high concentration of energy facilities within Ukraine’s territorial-industrial regions on relatively small plots of land has made them highly vulnerable during military operations. Thus, since the start of the large-scale invasion, the energy sector has lost up to 30% of its installed capacity, which has a severely negative impact on the stability of the power system and hinders the ability to meet the needs of industrial and residential electricity consumers. The aim of this study is to analyze the possibility of creating additional power generation capacity based on Ukraine’s gas transmission system energy technology equipment through the reconstruction and modernization of gas turbine units (GTUs) and the creation of an extensive network of small- and medium-capacity power plants based on them. A comprehensive systematic analysis of the structure and operating conditions of the energy-technological equipment fleet of gas pumping stations was carried out with the aim of improving the efficiency of existing power-generating systems and identifying promising directions for their modernization. It has been determined that increasing the inlet pressure by 10–12 kPa boosts the power output of the GT-35-770 power plant by 21–22%, which corresponds to 6.9–7.0 MW of additional electricity. Particular attention was devoted to the integration of gas turbine and steam turbine technologies into a unified combined-cycle system. A process flow diagram that utilizes excess natural gas pressure in the turboexpander to generate energy, which can be used to increase the initial air pressure at the gas turbine inlet using high-pressure fans, has been developed. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to extensively modernize gas turbine units by implementing combined cycle technologies and modifying the design of gas combustion systems. The research confirmed the feasibility of deep modernization of existing gas turbine units through the implementation of combined-cycle technologies, the integration of waste heat recovery systems, and the improvement of gas combustion chamber designs. In particular, the utilization of the thermal potential of GTU exhaust gases in the steam turbine section of the combined cycle makes it possible to limit the compressor pressure ratio to πk≤15. This contributes to a simplification of compressor design, a reduction in mechanical loads on system components, and a decrease in the amount of additionally compressed gas circulating within the GTU cycle. According to the obtained technical and economic assessments, the implementation of the proposed modernization solutions may increase the installed capacity of the Ukrainian power system by approximately 4.0-5.0 GW. This can be achieved under conditions of relatively moderate capital investments estimated at $250-270/kW of installed capacity. In addition, the projected payback period does not exceed 2-2.5 years, which confirms the high economic attractiveness and practical feasibility of introducing advanced combined-cycle and turboexpander technologies into the national energy sector. У роботі показано, що максимальна концентрація енергетичних потужностей в межах територіально-промислових регіонів України на відносно невеликих земельних ділянках зумовила їх велику вразливість під час військових дій. Так, із початку великомасштабного вторгнення енергетична галузь втратила до 30% встановлених потужностей, що вкрай негативно впливає на сталість роботи енергосистеми і перешкоджає задоволенню потреб в електроенергії промислових і комунально-побутових споживачів. Метою роботи є аналіз можливості створення додаткових енергетичних потужностей на базі енерготехнологічного обладнання газотранспортної системи України шляхом реконструкції та модернізації газотурбінних установок (ГТУ) і створення на їх базі розгалуженої системи електростанцій малої і середньої потужності. Проведено системний аналіз структури технопарку енерготехнологічного обладнання газоперекачувальних станцій. Встановлено, що підвищення початкового тиску на 10–12 кПа збільшує потужність енергоустановки ГТ-35-770 на 21–22%, що відповідає 6,9–7,0 МВт додаткової електроенергії. Інтеграція циклів газо- та паротурбінних установок приводить до суттєвого підвищення ККД парогазової установки, який залежить від ККД парового і газового циклів і співвідношення обсягів теплоти, що використовуються в кожній з цих установок. Розроблено технологічну схему із застосуванням надлишкового тиску природного газу в турбодетандері для отримання енергії, яку можна використати для підвищення початкового тиску повітря на вході в ГТУ за допомогою високонапірних вентиляторів. Доведено, що існує можливість глибокої модернізації ГТУ за рахунок втілення парогазових технологій та внесення змін до конструкції систем спалювання газу. Використання термічного потенціалу відпрацьованих газів ГТУ в паротурбінній частині комбінованого циклу дозволяє обмежитися ступенем стиснення πк≤15, що спрощує конструкцію компресора і зводить до мінімуму обсяги додатково стисненого газу в циклі ГТУ. За результатами модернізації буде збільшено потужність встановленого енергообладнання в енергосистемі України на 4,0–5,0 ГВт за умов помірних капіталовкладень на рівні 250–270 $/кВт із строком окупності, що не перевищує 2–2,5 роки. У роботі показано, що максимальна концентрація енергетичних потужностей в межах територіально-промислових регіонів України на відносно невеликих земельних ділянках зумовила їх велику вразливість під час військових дій. Так, із початку великомасштабного вторгнення енергетична галузь втратила до 30% встановлених потужностей, що вкрай негативно впливає на сталість роботи енергосистеми і перешкоджає задоволенню потреб в електроенергії промислових і комунально-побутових споживачів. Метою роботи є аналіз можливості створення додаткових енергетичних потужностей на базі енерготехнологічного обладнання газотранспортної системи України шляхом реконструкції та модернізації газотурбінних установок (ГТУ) і створення на їх базі розгалуженої системи електростанцій малої і середньої потужності. Проведено системний аналіз структури технопарку енерготехнологічного обладнання газоперекачувальних станцій. Встановлено, що підвищення початкового тиску на 10–12 кПа збільшує потужність енергоустановки ГТ-35-770 на 21–22%, що відповідає 6,9–7,0 МВт додаткової електроенергії. Інтеграція циклів газо- та паротурбінних установок приводить до суттєвого підвищення ККД парогазової установки, який залежить від ККД парового і газового циклів і співвідношення обсягів теплоти, що використовуються в кожній з цих установок. Розроблено технологічну схему із застосуванням надлишкового тиску природного газу в турбодетандері для отримання енергії, яку можна використати для підвищення початкового тиску повітря на вході в ГТУ за допомогою високонапірних вентиляторів. Доведено, що існує можливість глибокої модернізації ГТУ за рахунок втілення парогазових технологій та внесення змін до конструкції систем спалювання газу. Використання термічного потенціалу відпрацьованих газів ГТУ в паротурбінній частині комбінованого циклу дозволяє обмежитися ступенем стиснення πк≤15, що спрощує конструкцію компресора і зводить до мінімуму обсяги додатково стисненого газу в циклі ГТУ. За результатами модернізації буде збільшено потужність встановленого енергообладнання в енергосистемі України на 4,0–5,0 ГВт за умов помірних капіталовкладень на рівні 250–270 $/кВт із строком окупності, що не перевищує 2–2,5 роки. Інститут енергетичних машин і систем ім. А. М. Підгорного Національної академії наук України 2026-07-28 Article Article application/pdf application/pdf https://journals.uran.ua/jme/article/view/367949 Journal of Mechanical Engineering; Vol. 29 No. 2 (2026); 34-43 Проблемы машиностроения; Том 29 № 2 (2026); 34-43 Проблеми машинобудування; Том 29 № 2 (2026); 34-43 2709-2992 2709-2984 en uk https://journals.uran.ua/jme/article/view/367949/352973 https://journals.uran.ua/jme/article/view/367949/352974 Copyright (c) 2026 В. В. Соловей, М. М. Зіпунніков, І. О. Воробйова, А. М. Авраменко, А. С. Птушка http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Соловей, В. В. Зіпунніков, М. М. Воробйова, І. О. Авраменко, А. М. Птушка, А. С. Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System |
| title | Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System |
| title_alt | Розбудова розгалуженої мережі енергогенеруючих маневрових потужностей на базі наявної інфраструктури ГТС України Розбудова розгалуженої мережі енергогенеруючих маневрових потужностей на базі наявної інфраструктури ГТС України |
| title_full | Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System |
| title_fullStr | Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System |
| title_short | Development of an Extensive Network of Power-Generating Maneuvering Capacities Based on the Existing Infrastructure of Ukraine's Gas Transmission System |
| title_sort | development of an extensive network of power-generating maneuvering capacities based on the existing infrastructure of ukraine's gas transmission system |
| url | https://journals.uran.ua/jme/article/view/367949 |
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