Модернізація промисловості на основі ключових перспективних технологій: огляд зарубіжного досвіду

• Дата: 2019
• Автори: Lyakh, Alexander V., Swain, Adam
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Російська
• Опубліковано: Institute of Industrial Economics of NAS of Ukraine 2019
• Теми: ключові перспективні технології; модернізація промисловості; зарубіжний досвід; країни-лідери інноваційного розвитку; Європейський Союз; інституційне забезпечення
• Онлайн доступ: https://ojs.econindustry.org/index.php/ep/article/view/176
• Назва журналу: Economy of Industry

The purpose of this article is to analyse scientific publications and official documents highlighting the trends, approaches and practical experience of foreign countries leaders in innovative development, primarily the European Union, in the promotion of key promising technologies for the modernization of the industrial complex and the economy of these countries as a whole. The major findings of this analysis, are as follows:Countries that are leading in innovative development are prioritizing to support the deployment of revolutionary technologies in their innovative, industrial and regional policies. In the European Union, this set of technologies is called “key enabling technologies”. Their entire spectrum contains the following: methods of advanced materials` production; nanotechnologies; micro- and nano-electronics; drones and robotics; advanced industrial (additive) technologies; artificial intelligence, digital security and communication; quantum computing; industrial biotechnology; photonics; technologies related to the sciences of life;A distinctive feature of the European Union's approach to supporting the development and promotion of key enabling technologies (KETs) is that EU policy is clearly institutionalized. The European Strategy for KETs has been adopted and is in line with other strategies and EU flagship initiatives. New and strengthened institutes for technology transfer, information, and consultancy services were created, as well as mechanisms for financial support for the development and implementation of KETs were developed.In the policies of various countries` national governments regarding the development of key enabling technologies and their widespread use, the following points can be highlighted: an active role of states in the knowledge and high technology markets; special institutes are being set up to provide information, consulting and financial support to existing firms and start-ups that master KETs; significant importance is attached to enhancing the participation of SMEs in the development of new technologies.Almost all governments seeking to intensify the deployment of key promising technologies in the country, in essence, combine in single strategic and tactical decisions different tools from innovative, regional, sectoral and educational policies.The findings of this review make possible to substantiate recommendations regarding the policy of support and stimulating the development of industry of Ukraine based on the deployment of a wide range of revolutionary technologies.