АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ МАКРОФАКТОРІВ ЗОВНІШНЬОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА НА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ М’ЯСОПЕРЕРОБНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ

• Дата: 2019
• Автор: Ю., Дьяченко В.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Odesa National University of Technology 2019
• Онлайн доступ: //journals.ontu.edu.ua/index.php/fie/article/view/1459
• Назва журналу: Food Industry Economics

The article reviewed the state and dynamics of changes in the politico-legal, economic, sociodemographic, technological environmental macro-factors that influence the activity of meat processing enterprisesin Ukraine. To systematize the described macro-factors, the PEST analysis matrix construction technique wasused. Among the main politico-legal factors, the following can be distinguished: - unstable political situation, - lossof territorial integrity and thus production capacities and markets, - crisis in relations with the Russian Federation, -the signing of the Association Agreement with the EU for the continuation of the European integration processes, -changes in tax legislation, - necessity to adapt the legislation of Ukraine in accordance with EU requirements, -mandatory implementation of the HACCP system in meat processing enterprises; - development of new standards regulating the activity of meat processing enterprises. The economic factors include: - abolition of the special tax regime for enterprises engaged in animal breeding and meat production (the budget subsidy is provided),- devaluation of the national currency, - low purchasing power of the population, - high unemployment rate, - highinflation index, - reduction in real incomes of the population, -food import embargo by the Russian Federation, -the presence of quotas for export of domestically produced meat to the EU, which is exempt from payment offees, -activation of the Asian and African areas of External Economic Activity (EEA), - tendency to reduce themarket for meat and meat products. The study of the socio-demographic factor revealed: - dwindling population, -decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality, - deterioration in the health of the nation, - high proportionof elderly people in the age structure of the population, - outflow of highly-qualified personnel with higher education abroad. The technological factor can be characterized as follows: - low level of innovation activity of food industry enterprises, - poor financing of innovation activity of enterprises by the state, - new types of products arebeing developed; - new technological processes (low-waste, resource-saving) are being developed.