Перспективи адаптації зарубіжного досвіду агрострахування в Україні

• Дата: 2020
• Автори: Танклевська, Н. С., Ярмоленко, В. В.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Odesa National University of Technology 2020
• Онлайн доступ: //journals.ontu.edu.ua/index.php/fie/article/view/1669
• Назва журналу: Food Industry Economics

The article discusses foreign experience in the field of agricultural risk insurance. The insurance systems of agricultural risks in various countries and their characteristic features were investigated. The historyof the development of insurance of farmers and current active participants in the insurance market has beenstudied. The insurance systems of the United States of America and Canada have been analyzed. The current agricultural insurance models were also systematized. The advantages and disadvantages of the presented world models of agricultural insurance have been highlighted. Analyzing the experience of the leadingcountries of the world, two main models of agricultural risk insurance were identified: American and European. The main distinguishing feature of the American model is the large state support for agricultural riskinsurance. An important element of state support is the accrual of a subsidy to pay a certain part of insurance premiums. This will reduce the cost of insurance for farmers and, accordingly, ensure the massive nature of agricultural insurance. The European model can be called private. This means that the state almostdoes not intervene in the process of insurance of agricultural risks, as well as the fact that farmers buy aninsurance policy at its full cost. Agricultural insurance in Spain operates according to a mixed model, applying methods with both the American and European models. The use of possible effective directions of insurance with state financial support in the field of agriculture was proposed in the context of the main models ofthe insurance services market. The following main positions can be proposed for Ukraine: the use of publicprivate partnerships, which are used in the European model, with the minimum level of state intervention, thecreation of an expert center that will allow develop and expand the scale of agricultural insurance; creation ofa centralized database of agricultural and weather statistics, to ensure its availability for specialists; ensuringthe level of 40% reinsurance of agricultural risks by foreign insurance companies, inherent in the Americanmodel (USA, Canada) and others. It has been proved that most countries of the world emphasize the importance of agricultural production risk insurance as an indispensable financial and economic lever for the development of agriculture and the country's economy.