Російсько-український конфлікт: виклики для зернового ринку

• Datum: 2022
• Hauptverfasser: Савенко, І. І., Седікова, І. О., Седіков, Д. В.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainian
• Veröffentlicht: Odesa National University of Technology 2022
• Online Zugang: //journals.ontu.edu.ua/index.php/fie/article/view/2320
• Назва журналу: Food Industry Economics

The war with Russia has become a real threat of food inflation and famine. Therefore, the issue ofthe grain market functioning in Ukraine during the war and the development of priority measures for stabilization is extremely important. Based on the forecasts, the key factors in the formation of the cereals and  oilseeds crops structure for the harvest of 2022 have been determined, namely the physical unavailability ofmore than 30 % of the area; difficulties in obtaining seeds of crops; lack of export through ports. Grain stockshave been analyzed and it has been envisaged that a large number of farmers will sell stocks of cereals oroilseeds before spring sowing to replenish working capital. The problem is particularly acute in the areasclose to the front line, where trade is very weak; availability of resources - farmers need to use the resourcesavailable in their area taking into account logistical issues. The key points of the state's encouragement offarmers to conduct food security campaigns have been identified.Summarizing the estimates and forecasts, we can note: a key factor in shaping the crops structure ofcereals and oilseeds for the harvest of 2022 will be the physical unavailability of more than 30 % of the areadue to hostilities and their consequences; difficulties in obtaining seeds of crops that depend on importedsupplies will lead to an even greater reduction in harvesting of these crops; the lack of exports of corn andsunflower oil through the ports forms significant remnants of these crops in Ukraine in low demand. Cerealsinclude wheat, barley and cereals - buckwheat, peas, oats. Among oil compensatory crops there can besoybeans, flax; also, when forming crops we should take into account the peculiarities of storage of cropsthat are planned for cultivation to minimize losses.During martial law, the state tries to encourage farmers to conduct food security campaigns. Amongthe key points are: the Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on CreatingConditions for Ensuring Food Security in Martial Law»; a decree simplifying the import of seeds; decisions ontemporary abolition of excise duty and reduction of VAT rate on fuel to 7%, access of farmers to credit resources - loans at 0% interest rate, provision of credit lines for Ukrainian farmers. Methodological and practical aspects of studying the functioning problems of the grain market during the war have been further developed.