Агропродовольча продукція в товарному експорті україни в умовах війни: статистична оцінка

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Антонюк, П., Ступницька, Т., Антонюк, О., Баранюк, Х.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Odesa National University of Technology 2023
• Онлайн доступ: //journals.ontu.edu.ua/index.php/fie/article/view/2679
• Назва журналу: Food Industry Economics

In the article, a study of the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on processes in Ukraine's foreign trade has been conducted. The work performed is based on the wide use of indicators, methods and techniques of economic and statistical analysis. An analysis of changes in the regional and commodity structures of export was carried out, some aspects of the financial results of foreign trade were also considered. It has been established that in the regions of hostilities and those close to them, namely in 10 regions and the city of Kyiv, which in 2021 accounted for 73.2% of Ukraine's commodity exports, in 2022 external supplies of goods decreased by 23.9 billion USD, which is an 89.0% decrease in Ukraine as a whole, and in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions such activity has practically stopped. The analysis also showed significant changes in the commodity structure of exports. Since the mentioned regions were leaders in the export of mineral products, products of chemical and related industries, and non-precious metals and products from them, the decrease in their share in total exports from 47.7% in 2021 to 34.8% affected on the dynamics of the structure of export of goods - the share of agro-food products increased from 40.7% in 2021 to 53.0% in 2022. For the first time in the modern history of Ukraine, agro-food products make up only half of its exports. The analysis emphasizes the extreme dependence of Ukraine's export activity on the operation of transport, especially sea transport. The blockade of seaports disrupted supplies to countries in Asia and Africa, while the use of rail and road transport increased exports to EU countries from $26.8 billion. and in 2021 up to 27.9 billion dollars, which, of course, should lead to certain changes in the trade policy, the directions of export flows, the structure of transportation by various modes of transport. The financial results of foreign trade in goods were analyzed, where it was established that as a result of military operations, the balance from trade in non-precious metals decreased and agro-food products became the main source of obtaining an active balance. The conclusions present recommendations regarding the growth of exports of agro-food products in particular, which will allow maintaining at a certain level both the amount of foreign exchange earnings and the active balance. The financial results of foreign trade in goods were analyzed, where it was established that as a result of military operations, the balance from trade in non-precious metals decreased and agro-food products became the main source of obtaining an active balance. The conclusions present recommendations regarding the growth of exports of agro-food products in particular, which will allow maintaining at a certain level both the amount of foreign exchange earnings and the active balance.