Розвиток електронних грошей в Україні

• Дата: 2025
• Автори: Євтушевська, Ольга, Марковська, Ольга
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Odesa National University of Technology 2025
• Онлайн доступ: //journals.ontu.edu.ua/index.php/fie/article/view/3168
• Назва журналу: Food Industry Economics

This article explores the development of electronic money in Ukraine as an essential component of the country’s digital transformation in the financial sector. The study aims to provide both a theoretical foundation and a practical analysis of the current state of electronic money and to formulate evidence-based recommendations for improving its implementation and regulation. The research investigates the historical stages of the emergence and evolution of digital payment systems and offers a detailed classification of electronic money based on storage technology, type of carrier, degree of user anonymity, and transaction volume. A key focus is placed on the legal framework governing electronic money circulation in Ukraine. The analysis is based on the provisions of the new Law of Ukraine "On Payment Services" (entered into force in 2023), which aligns national regulation with EU standards, particularly the PSD2 Directive. Methodologically, the research is grounded in a comparative analysis of regulatory practices and market data. It examines statistical indicators such as the number and volume of cashless transactions, the popularity of payment platforms (e.g., Privat24, Monobank, Google Pay), and the increasing dominance of card-based and contactless payments. Special attention is given to the growing relevance of cybersecurity, with a review of threats like phishing, malware, and social engineering targeting financial institutions. The author discusses the implementation of protection mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication, encryption, and national cybersecurity centers. In addition, the paper touches on the legal status of cryptocurrencies in Ukraine. While not considered electronic money per se, crypto assets are gradually being integrated into national legislation, guided by the principles of the EU MiCA regulation. The article also addresses the National Bank of Ukraine’s pilot project for the development of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) — the digital hryvnia — which is expected to serve as a secure and efficient payment method for both retail and institutional use. The scientific novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach that considers not only financial, legal, and technological dimensions, but also the socio-economic implications of digital finance. Its practical significance is evident in the formulation of policy proposals aimed at strengthening public trust in electronic money, improving regulatory transparency, and enhancing Ukraine’s integration into the European digital financial space.