Медико-біологічні нанокомпозити з функціями нанороботів: стан досліджень, розробок та перспективи практичного впровадження

• Datum: 2020
• 1. Verfasser: Gorbyk, P. P.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainisch
• Veröffentlicht: Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2020
• Schlagworte: нанорозмірні ферити; магнетит; однодоменний стан; багаторівневі нанокомпозити; магнітна рідина; протипухлинні препарати; адресна доставка; локальна терапія
• Online Zugang: https://www.cpts.com.ua/index.php/cpts/article/view/536
• Назва журналу: Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface

The purpose of the review is to analyze and summarize the results of the works performed at Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, dedicated to the synthesis and study of the properties of new magnetic fluids (MF) containing NC of superparamagnetic core – multilevel shell type and characterized by the functions of medico-biologic nanorobots. The research themes are focused on the creation of the latest medical theranostic remedies for targeted delivery and local complex treatment, primarily for needs of oncology.The methodology of the work includes formulation of the problem of synthesis of NC of superparamagnetic core-multilevel shell type with the functions of biomedical nanorobots, relative MF, comprehensive studies of magnetic, structural and rheological characteristics, sedimentation stability, antitumor activity in vitro, in vivo.It has been shown that calculations of the magnetization curve of MF based on single-domain superparamagnetic Fe3O4, within the framework of Langevin’s theory of paramagnetism, are satisfactorily coordinated with the experimental results, assuming that the saturation magnetization of magnetite particles depends on their size. On the basis of the obtained data, the idea has been formulated of using an ensemble of magnetic fluid nanoparticles as a superparamagnetic probe to diagnose its parameters and to substantiate the development of the magnetic granulometry method and the possibility of its application to measure the size parameters of a complex shell structure of magnetically sensitive nanocomposites of superparamagnetic core – multilevel shell type.The obtained data develop the physicochemical basis for the development of new types of vector systems of anticancer drugs based on MF and have been used to improve the method of magnetic granulometry in order to optimize, standardize and control their parameters in the production process. In particular, the synthesized MF and the approaches to their magnetic diagnostics given in this work have been used in the creation of a new native oncological remedy “Feroplat” that has no analogues in the world, is a conjugate of nanoparticles of MF with cisplatin, is a standardized remedy for enhancement of the effectiveness of chemotherapy and overcoming of drug resistance of malignant neoplasms, designed to deliver cytostatic agent directly to the tumor tissue, ensuring maximal its entrance into cells and favoring an increase in the therapeutic effect. In order to be introduced into the production and clinical practice, feroplat is on a stage of completion of preclinical testing.The data are given on the cytotoxic properties and biological safety of MF containing cisplatin. It has been shown that on the general and biochemical parameters of the blood, the use of MF does not make a more toxic influence on the body, compared with the antitumor drug cisplatin in equivalent doses.The technological scheme is presented for manufacturing of a new magnetocarried polyfunctional antitumor vector system based on MF containing drugs in the structure of core-shell type nanocomposites.The results of the work are used also in the development of new magnetocarried adsorption materials for technical, technological, ecological and biomedical purposes, in the educational process of native universities in training of bachelors and masters of the corresponding specialties.