Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна
Leading industrial countries display the growth of paper industry even more than other industries. The paper is and was very important for our civilization.  Technical industries also require the paper. The electro-technical, radio-technical industries use widely various kinds of paper...
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Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2020
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|---|---|
| author | Шевченко, В. М. Гуц, Н. А. Шпак, А. Є. Власенко, А. Є. Шульженко, О.О. |
| author_facet | Шевченко, В. М. Гуц, Н. А. Шпак, А. Є. Власенко, А. Є. Шульженко, О.О. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "В. М. Шевченко",
"institution": "Національний технічний університет України «КПІ імені Ігоря Сікорського»"
},
{
"author": "Н. А. Гуц",
"institution": "Національний технічний університет України «КПІ імені Ігоря Сікорського»"
},
{
"author": "А. Є. Шпак",
"institution": "Національний технічний університет України «КПІ імені Ігоря Сікорського»"
},
{
"author": "А. Є. Власенко",
"institution": "Національний технічний університет України «КПІ імені Ігоря Сікорського»"
},
{
"author": "О.О. Шульженко",
"institution": "Національний технічний університет України «КПІ імені Ігоря Сікорського»"
}
] |
| author_sort | Шевченко, В. М. |
| baseUrl_str | |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2021-03-01T11:03:55Z |
| description | Leading industrial countries display the growth of paper industry even more than other industries. The paper is and was very important for our civilization.  Technical industries also require the paper. The electro-technical, radio-technical industries use widely various kinds of paper for the production of things like cables, condensers, radio-diffusers, resistors, TV-sets and so on. In the chemical industry papers are used for chromatography, electrophoresis etc.
But besides of clear advantages for simple usage there are some another advances for some usage namely materials which are resistant to mold fungi and the microorganisms.
It is known that the least subject to the fungi effect are things what are consisted as linen fibers among all as well as sulfite and sulfate cellulose. The artificial fibers are more resistant than natural.
Obviously the problem of conservation of already printed on paper materials growths more and more every year. Now it is strange when we can’t read old books which have not being saved in new digital formats. That is why the preserve the old paper literature in worthy state is so important for us and for future generations, and the problem of obtaining so called “biocide” material is so actual. It means such material which may destroy bacteria, mold fungi, and insects. In this work we have used the clays from Zakarpatiyan oblast Horbsky field. These clays are classified as bentonite type and have the following consistence with particular size is between 0,3 and 0,25 mm.
The authors studied the sorption of latexes by basalt fibers. The following latexes were investigated: divinyl methyl methacrylate (DMMA), divinyl nitrile (SKN), isoprene nitrile (L-7). A method was used to recharge the surface of cellulose fibers to obtain a flexible, durable filter material. We checked the resistance of materials to mold. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.15407/Surface.2020.12.153 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-22T19:35:11Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
Поверхность. 2020. Вып. 12(27). С. 153–160 153
UDC 676.224 doi: 10.15407/Surface.2020.12.153
FUNGI-RESISTANT BASALT FIBER MATERIAL
V.M. Shevchenko, N.A. Guts, A.Ye. Shpak, N.Ye. Vlasenko, O.O. Shulzhenko
National Technical University of Ukraine “KPI named Igor Sikorsky”,
03056, Kyiv, Peremogy av., 37, (+38044)236-97-74, e-mail: gutsanelya@ukr.net
Leading industrial countries display the growth of paper industry even more than other
industries. The paper is and was very important for our civilization. Technical industries also
require the paper. The electro-technical, radio-technical industries use widely various kinds of
paper for the production of things like cables, condensers, radio-diffusers, resistors, TV-sets and
so on. In the chemical industry papers are used for chromatography, electrophoresis etc.
But besides of clear advantages for simple usage there are some another advances for
some usage namely materials which are resistant to mold fungi and the microorganisms.
It is known that the least subject to the fungi effect are things what are consisted as linen
fibers among all as well as sulfite and sulfate cellulose. The artificial fibers are more resistant
than natural.
Obviously the problem of conservation of already printed on paper materials growths
more and more every year. Now it is strange when we can’t read old books which have not being
saved in new digital formats. That is why the preserve the old paper literature in worthy state is
so important for us and for future generations, and the problem of obtaining so called “biocide”
material is so actual. It means such material which may destroy bacteria, mold fungi, and
insects. In this work we have used the clays from Zakarpatiyan oblast Horbsky field. These clays
are classified as bentonite type and have the following consistence with particular size is
between 0,3 and 0,25 mm.
The authors studied the sorption of latexes by basalt fibers. The following latexes were
investigated: divinyl methyl methacrylate (DMMA), divinyl nitrile (SKN), isoprene nitrile (L-7).
A method was used to recharge the surface of cellulose fibers to obtain a flexible, durable filter
material. We checked the resistance of materials to mold.
Keywords: biostable material, cellulose, basalt fibers, clay minerals
Introduction
Last time we could observe the increasing of the ways for obtaining such kind of
materials: injecting biocide materials into paper mass or processing in the gluing press. Besides,
everyone agrees that it is inadmissible to use toxic substances in the production of materials for
packaging food, medical, cosmetic and other products.
This scientific work is about the new kind of “technical paper”, namely the paper which
contains basalt fiber. Basalt fiber means inorganic fiber with low chemical activity. That means
low compliancy to fungi, microorganisms, insects etc.
This work describes low-cost basalt-fiber based paper-like material with some bonding
parts like cellulose, latex etc which is not complicated in production.
There is no problem to obtain carton-like materials based on basalt fibers even without
use of binding agents, for example: felt, plates and so on. But if you want to get thin transparent
paper-like material you never do without binders. For this, depending on the requirements for the
finished product, binders of various types that meet the necessary requirements can be used.
Clay materials have proven themselves well, especially bentonite clays, which are
characterized by a pseudo-hexagonal arrangement of silicon oxide tetrahedra, interconnected
with each other and capable of forming spatial coagulation structures with water. Bentonites tend
154
to form thixotropic structured systems in suspensions, adsorb gases, liquids and solid compounds
on the surface, as well as interact with many substances that regulate their strength and
deformation properties.
In the course of work, it was found that for use in combination with basalt fiber,
bentonites from the Pyzhevsk mine are best compared to others: Kuntsevo, Cherkassy, Nadeevo
[1]
The work shows that the treatment of montmorillonite with an electrolyte peptizer (for
example, calcium chloride) contributes to an increase in the formation of coagulation structures
with specific structural and mechanical properties. Due to the replacement of calcium ion in
suspensions with sodium ion, an increase in plastic strength, stability, and the formation of
thixotropic structures are stimulated (maximum strength is observed with the introduction of
0.25% calcium chloride (Table 1).
Table 1. Straightness of materials containing 80% of basalt fiber, 10% of cellulose fiber and
10% of montmorillonite treated by calcium chloride solution
Temperature, oC Breaking weight, kgf
20 0,68
120 0,82
Since the basalt and cellulose fibers have equal by sign but different by value electro-
kinetic charge one of these fibers (before they contacted each other) we have recharged by
aluminium sulfate to get the surface charge to be positive. Thus, as you can see the coupling of
two against-charged fibers strengths the final product (Table 3).
Since the electrokinetic charge of basalt and cellulose fibers is the same of sign, but
different in value, before the contact of these two fibers, one of them (for example, cellulose
fiber) was recharged with aluminum sulfate until the surface charge reversed, i.e. became
positive. Thus, the connection of two oppositely charged fibers contributed to the strengthening
of the interaction between them, which led to an increase in the strength of the finished product
in Table 2.
Table 2. The straightness of materials containing basalt, recharged cellulose fibers as well as
15% of montmorillonite (relatively to fibers mass) processed by suspension of sodium
chloride with 10% of NaCl and 1% of calcium chloride
Contain of
cellulose fibers
Montmorillonite treated by:
10% NaCl The suspense of 10% NaCl and 1% of
CaCl2
Capacity of cellulose fiber
25% 40% 25% 40% 25% 40%
Breaking
weight,
rgn
146 424 168 496 174 522
Breaking
length,
m
212 826 184 544 186 664
155
Some troubles occur with the safety of finished products since the human beings are on
the Earth. The most of problems concern bacteria, fungi, microorganisms and like that. So, we
do have to have so called “biomicide” material to resist them all. Namely, this is a special
material which may kill bacteria, mold fungus and insects. The latter are better, however. One of
the most important applications for this is packaging materials for various kinds of food.
Besides, the paper is got older if the environment is too hot or wet or due to other inappropriate
factors. We can improve the situation by invading some biocide materials, but we shall be
careful because many of them are toxic and should not be used in general places.
Experimental part
For this work we have used the clays from Zakarpatiyan oblast Horbsky field. These
clays are classified as bentonite type and have the following consistence with particular size is
between 0,3 and 0,25 mm.
Bentonite clays have relatively high BET specific surface 422 m2/g as well as hydrophilic
properties and porous structure and many other features, all that causes high sorption quality.
To obtain solid and crumb material one have to have the suspension of bentonite in
dispersed condition. During the slow boiling of such suspense the particles row over the surface
in parallel and create the planted film. For these purposes the Na-bentonite dispersions are good.
To obtain the desired suspension it is necessary to remove the electrolyte as completely as
possible, because material obtained with too much salt becomes porous and has a low strength.
To obtain Na-bentonite, the method of neutralizing the suspension in an acid form with sodium
hydroxide is used: bentonite is poured with distilled water in a ratio of 1:10 to swell for three
days. The swollen mass was rubbed on a sieve with 4900 holes per cm2 and diluted five times
with 0.05 HCl. After daily sedimentation, the liquid above the precipitate was removed by
decantation. The process was repeated until a weak reaction to Ca+2 ion (with ammonium
oxalate) was obtained.
Excess hydrochloric acid was removed by decantation with distilled water. The bentonite
in acid form which we have obtained was then neutralized by means of natrium hydroxide with
Ph 8,3 to 8,5. As it was revealed, for the strong foundation for bentonite suspension in acid form
the full neutralization does not occurred. Potentiometric investigations have shown that porous
structure of montmorillonite depends on the nature of exchange cations.
The cellulose distraction is the complex biochemical process. Mostly it’s done by
microorganisms with specific ferment – cellulase. There is not a consensus about the cellulose
distraction by mold fungi.
In general all tests of cellulose biostability are carried out on pure growth of particular
kinds of microorganisms. But as it was demonstrated fungi mix gives better result since inactive
fungi together with active ones become significantly active too. Besides, the material is
destroyed not only by one kind of fungi, this is the result of fungi mix activity. Compositions
which contain basalt fiber expand the zone of growth depression of such types of
microorganisms. Previously recharged cellulose fiber has a positive effect on expand the zone of
growth depression of fungi and microorganisms.
To make the interaction between basalt and cellulose effective in materials compositions
one may use the recharge of one of components’ surface because they have the same surface
charge by sign but with different with values. Using the fact that surface recharge rates are
different it is possible to treat the material by aluminium sulfate without components separation
to get an effect of recharge or decreasing one of components’ zeta potential almost to zero. It
increases the possibility of mutual coagulation of oppositely charged fibers’ surfaces (to recharge
156
the cellulose fibers we decrease pH of the solution; if it’s necessary to recharge of basalt fibers
we increase pH of the suspension).
It was found that by adding the Na-bentonite to the composition the strength of material
with rising temperature increases. This may be explained by the fact that single strength contacts
between Na-bentonite particles increases as well as increases their contact with basalt fiber
surface because rising the temperature exhausts spare and adsorbed water from the system.
Table 3. Breaking weight (kg) depending of temperature
Temperature, 0C Suggested material Standard material
20 0,30 to 0,34
300 0,47 to 1,30 1,20
500 0,58 to 1,52 0,15 to 0,43
Pretty good results of paper-like materials strength were obtained using latexes in
composition with basalt and cellulose fibers mix, for example latex-DMMA-65GP, fluorinated
latex, latex SKF-260 and latex SKN-40.
Adding the mix of fluorinated latex with Na-bentonite to the blend composition gives the
possibility to obtain much more strong filtering material (breaking weight is 1,0 kgf, fracture
strength – up to 800 rgn, resistance to air flow – 24 mmWC.
It is possible to apply the natural palygorskite instead of Na-bentonite. Palygorskite is
widely used as filtering absorbent due to its corpuscles’ comb structure what leads to very good
mechanical and thermal stability. Mechanical strength features of the material of the same
composition are some higher (Table 4).
Table 4. Breaking weight depending on the temperature
Temperature, 0C Breaking weight, kg
20 0,500 – 0,600
300 0,670 – 0,720
500 0,780 – 0,840
As one can see admixing bentonite or palygorskite to the composition increases the
strength of materials due to formation of pieces rough surface. For temperatures of 1050 – 1100
0C the strength practically is not changed what could be the result of growth of connected
particles quantity.
One of the main problems is the selection of binding component which should bind basalt
fibers but does not affect material initial characteristics. For this purpose the bentonite clays are
recommended. It is known that the ability of clays to sorb liquid and gas substances on their
surface is connected with mineral’s surface activity and its textural features, i.e. porous structure.
In other words, sorption capacity depends on submicroscopic structure of clay material as well as
crystal structure of particles which it consists of. During the processing samples with
temperature of 1050 – 1100 0C the straightness is increasing due to more binding mass
formation.
Addition of the cation-active agents to the system (for example electrolytes) leads to their
adsorption in Stern layer and therefore decrease of negative charge (the value of potential) of the
surface. At a certain concentration of electrolyte (0,1% for aluminum sulfate and up to 0,3% for
aminopolyamide relatively to fiber mass) the charge of basalt fibers decreases almost to zero and
then, swapping the sign, continue to rise. Increase of positive potential value continues up to
certain electrolyte concentration, after that the concentration does not have a significant impact
on the potential. Probably Stern layer becomes saturated by electrolyte ions and further increase
of electrolyte concentration has only insignificant effect on double electric layer behavior.
157
When using aluminum sulfate the recharge of basalt fibers surface takes place at pH of
4,95 – 5,05 while for polyelectrolyte this value is a bit higher: 6,0 – 6,1.
The authors have attempted to find a connection between basalt fibers zeta potential
changes and their ability of binding matters retention (sorption) such as latexes for example. The
sorption of latexes by basalt fibers was investigated by method of Voyutskiy. The method is
based on comparison of optical density of latex solutions which do not contain basalt fibers with
those ones which have been in the contact with basalt fibers for some time. Sorbent equilibrium
in the system of latex – basalt fiber establishes in a few hours. The following latexes were
investigated: divinyl methyl methacrylate (DMMA), divinyl nitrile (SKN), isoprene nitrile (L-7).
To get more strength there was used the sulfite unbleached cellulose with freeness of 60 oSR and
aluminum sulfate. At pH value of 3,7 – 4,1 the negative charge of cellulose fibers decreases
under the influence of aluminum sulfate and changes itself to positive, so the cellulose fibers
surface recharge happens resulting in flexible strong filter material. The characteristics are listed
in Table 5.
Table 5. Strength and filtering characteristics of the material
Parameter Output cellulose fiber Recharged cellulose fiber
Percentage 90% 50% 20% 90% 50% 20%
Breaking length, m 8340 2415 46 9215 3864 62
Number of double bends 1860 1230 28 2010 1460 42
Air flow resistance, mm
WG
10 14 18 22 28 36
Time of free flow, min 1,02 1,06 1,08 0,98 0,94 1,12
The data listed in Table 5 indicate that to obtain the material with advanced features, i.e.
to obtain better reaction between fibers of different nature, it is important to recharge one of
them having defined their initial surface potential. Such a way gives the possibility to eliminate
from the composition expensive imported binding materials such as latex and decrease the
content of toxic products in water and air and at the same time obtain better filter material.
The meaningful role in formation of hydration sheath around the particles of dispersion
phase belongs to exchange cations. It is known that depending of exchange cations types one
may change and regulate clay mineral’s structure and strength characteristics. Note that
exchange cations activity affects not only the thickness of exchange layer but the quantity of
structure-forming particles in volume unit. By values of wetting heat and by amount of bound
water the exchange cations can be arranged in a row: Ca+2 > H+ > Na+ > K+. Despite the fact that
Ca-bentonite binds the water for example half times more than Na-bentonite their thixotropic
properties are opposite. In Flyate’s opinion [2] Ca-bentonite has the ability to form primary
hydrated structures which have stronger bond between particles forming the skeleton than Na-
bentonite.
For material compositions we have used Pyzhevsk ball-milled bentonite sifted through a
sieve of 900 holes per cm2 and dried at the temperature of 150 – 200 oC for 2 hours.
The prime requirement for investigation methods was that samples were put into rough
conditions for materials and supportive environment for microorganisms growth [3].
For greater objectivity, the fungus resistance of the materials was tested by three
independent methods: in the Van-Iterson’s liquid medium (1), on the surface of the agar
(Chapek's environment (2) and in the dampening chamber with relative humidity of 98% (3) [4].
Inoculations were valued by 10-score system where 10 meant the highest high degree of fungi
overgrowth.
The results of experimental investigations of materials destroying by mold fungi are
listed in Table 6.
158
Table 6. Biostability of materials of various compositions containing basalt fiber (Bas), cellulose
fiber (Cel) and montmorillonite (MOT) in different environments: 1 - Van-Iterson’s liquid
medium, 2 - on the surface of the dewaxed agar (Chapek's environment), 3 - in the dampening
chamber
Fungi types
Chaetomium
globosum
Paecilomyces
variotii
Stachybotrys atra
Fungi mix
Samples biostability test environment
Compositions
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
50% Bas +
50% Cel
6 6 5 6 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6
50% Bas +
50% Cel +
15% MOT
4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4
70% Bas +
30% Cel +
15% MOT
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 4
80% Bas +
20% Cel +
15% MOT
2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
As can be seen from the table, all investigated materials to some extent fall under the
action of fungi, are affected and destroyed by them [5].
Conclusions
Materials with a greater amount of cellulose fibers in their composition are affected by
fungi to a greater extent and faster. Samples containing up to 85% cellulose fibers are affected by
fungi already on the fifth day, and after about ten days the material is completely covered with
mold. Materials containing up to 20% cellulose fibers in their composition are more resistant:
mold appears only on the fifteenth - seventeenth day.
Biostability increases with an increase the amount of basalt fiber in the composition.
Recharging one of the fibers (changing the surface potential) with aluminum sulfate
stimulates the production of a more durable material with better service characteristics.
We would recommend a competent filter-like material, which includes cellulose and
basalt fibers, as well as bentonite clay montmorillonite of the Pizhevsky mine. The biostability of
such a material is the best.
References
1. Shevchenko V.M., Guts N.A. “The use of dispersed minerals in the production of
biocidal materials based on basalt fiber”, Collection of scientific works, Sword. 2015,
Book 3 (40), v. 12: 52.
2. Flyate D. M., Properties of Paper Edition 3.( Moscow, Forestry, 1986)
3. Belyaeva L.A. "Mold fungi, the fight against them" Dissertation for a candidate of
sciences, M., 1986.
4. Imshenetsky A., Determination of the resistance of cellulose fiber to the action of
bacteria, Microbiology. 1980.9(3): 243
5. Lilly V., Barnett S. Physiology of mushrooms.( Ill., 1983)
159
ФУНГИЦИДНО УСТОЙЧИВЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ НА
ОСНОВЕ БАЗАЛЬТОВОГО ВОЛОКНА
В.М. Шевченко, Н.А. Гуц, А.Е. Шпак, Н.Е. Власенко, Е.А. Шульженко
Национальный технический университет Украины «Киевский политехнический
институт имени Игоря Сикорского», 03056, Киев, пр-т Победы, 37, (+38044) 236 -97-74,
e-mail: gutsanelya@ukr.net
Ведущие индустриальные страны демонстрируют рост бумажной
промышленности даже больше, чем другие отрасли. Бумага была и была очень важной
для нашей цивилизации. Технические отрасли также нуждаются в бумаге. В
электротехнической, радиотехнической промышленности широко используются
различные виды бумаги для производства таких приборов, как конденсаторы,
радиодиффузоры, резисторы, телевизоры, кабели и т. п. В химической промышленности
бумага используется для хроматографии, электрофореза и т. д. Но помимо очевидных
преимуществ для такого простого использования, есть потребность в материалах,
устойчивых к плесневым грибам и микроорганизмам.
Известно, что меньше всего поражению грибков подвержены вещества,
состоящие из льняных волокон, а также сульфитная и сульфатная целлюлоза.
Искусственные волокна более прочные, чем натуральные. Очевидно, что проблема
консервации уже напечатанных на бумаге материалов с каждым годом обостряется.
Сейчас странно, когда мы не можем читать старые книги, которые не были сохранены
в новых цифровых форматах. Именно поэтому сохранение в достойном состоянии
старой бумажной литературы так важно для нас и для будущих поколений, так же
актуальна проблема получения так называемого «биоцидного» материала. Имеется в
виду такой материал, который может уничтожать бактерии, плесневые грибы и
насекомых. В работе использованы глины Горбского месторождения Закарпатской
области, которые классифицируются как бентонитовые и имеют требуемую
консистенцию с размером частиц от 0,3 до 0,25 мм.
Авторы исследовали сорбцию латексов базальтовыми волокнами. Были
исследованы следующие латексы: дивинил метил метакрилат (DMMA), дивинил нитрил
(SKN), изопрен нитрил (L-7). Был использован метод перезарядки поверхности волокон
целлюлозы для получения гибкого и прочного фильтрующего материала. Авторы изучили
устойчивость материалов к плесени.
Ключевые слова: биоцидные материалы, целлюлоза, базальтовые волокна, глинистые
минералы, латексы.
160
ФУНГІЦИДНО СТІЙКИЙ МАТЕРІАЛ НА ОСНОВІ
БАЗАЛЬТОВОГО ВОЛОКНА
В.М. Шевченко, Н.А. Гуц, А.Є. Шпак, Н.Є. Власенко, О.О. Шульженко
Національний технічний університет України «КПІ імені Ігоря Сікорського», Київ,
пр-т Перемоги, 37, (+38044) 236 -97-74, e-mail: gutsanelya@ukr.net
Провідні індустріальні країни демонструють зростання розвитку паперової
промисловості навіть більше, ніж інших галузей. Папір був і є дуже важливим для нашої
цивілізації. У електротехнічній, радіотехнічній промисловості широко використовуються
різні види паперу для виробництва кабелю, конденсаторів, радіодіффузорів, резисторів,
телевізорів тощо. У хімічній промисловості папір використовується для хроматографії,
електрофорезу і т. д. Але крім очевидних переваг для простого використання, існує
необхідність розробки і використання матеріалів, стійких до цвілевих грибів і
мікроорганізмів.
Відомо, що найменше схильні вражатися грибами речовини, що складаються з
лляних волокон, а також сульфітна і сульфатна целюлоза. Штучні волокна міцніші, ніж
натуральні. Очевидно, що проблема зберігання вже надрукованих на папері матеріалів з
кожним роком загострюється. Зараз дивно, коли ми не можемо читати старі книги, які
не були збережені в нових цифрових форматах. Саме тому збереження в гідному стані
старої паперової літератури так важливо для нас і для майбутніх поколінь, так само
актуальна проблема отримання так званого «біоцидного» матеріалу. Мається на увазі
такий матеріал, який може знищувати бактерії, цвілеві гриби і комах. В роботі
використані глини Горбского родовища Закарпатської області, що класифікуються як
бентонітові і мають необхідну консистенцію з розміром частинок від 0,3 до 0,25 мм.
Автори досліджували сорбцію латексів базальтовими волокнами. Були досліджені
наступні латекси: дивініл метіл метакрілат (DMMA) , дивініл нітрил (SKN), ізопрен
нітрил (L-7). Був використаний метод перезарядки поверхні волокон целюлози для
отримання гнучкого і міцного фільтруючого матеріалу, а також перевірили стійкість
матеріалів до цвілі.
Ключові слова: біоцидні матеріали, целюлоза, базальтові волокна, глинисті мінерали,
латекси
|
| id | oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-706 |
| institution | Surface |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-03-12T17:17:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | surfacezbircomua/61/3ebba42d1fcfb37507ba890121366461.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-7062021-03-01T11:03:55Z Fungi-resistant basalt fiber material Фунгицидно устойчивый материал на основе базальтового волокна Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна Шевченко, В. М. Гуц, Н. А. Шпак, А. Є. Власенко, А. Є. Шульженко, О.О. biostable material cellulose basalt fibers clay minerals биоцидные материалы целлюлоза базальтовые волокна глинистые минералы латексы біоцидні матеріали целюлоза базальтові волокна глинисті мінерали латекси Leading industrial countries display the growth of paper industry even more than other industries. The paper is and was very important for our civilization.  Technical industries also require the paper. The electro-technical, radio-technical industries use widely various kinds of paper for the production of things like cables, condensers, radio-diffusers, resistors, TV-sets and so on. In the chemical industry papers are used for chromatography, electrophoresis etc. But besides of clear advantages for simple usage there are some another advances for some usage namely materials which are resistant to mold fungi and the microorganisms. It is known that the least subject to the fungi effect are things what are consisted as linen fibers among all as well as sulfite and sulfate cellulose. The artificial fibers are more resistant than natural. Obviously the problem of conservation of already printed on paper materials growths more and more every year. Now it is strange when we can’t read old books which have not being saved in new digital formats. That is why the preserve the old paper literature in worthy state is so important for us and for future generations, and the problem of obtaining so called “biocide” material is so actual. It means such material which may destroy bacteria, mold fungi, and insects. In this work we have used the clays from Zakarpatiyan oblast Horbsky field. These clays are classified as bentonite type and have the following consistence with particular size is between 0,3 and 0,25 mm. The authors studied the sorption of latexes by basalt fibers. The following latexes were investigated: divinyl methyl methacrylate (DMMA), divinyl nitrile (SKN), isoprene nitrile (L-7). A method was used to recharge the surface of cellulose fibers to obtain a flexible, durable filter material. We checked the resistance of materials to mold. Ведущие индустриальные страны демонстрируют рост бумажной промышленности даже больше, чем другие отрасли. Бумага была и была очень важной для нашей цивилизации. Технические отрасли также нуждаются в бумаге. В электротехнической, радиотехнической промышленности широко используются различные виды бумаги для производства таких приборов, как конденсаторы, радиодиффузоры, резисторы, телевизоры, кабели и т. п. В химической промышленности бумага используется для хроматографии, электрофореза и т. д. Но помимо очевидных преимуществ для такого простого использования, есть потребность в материалах, устойчивых к плесневым грибам и микроорганизмам. Известно, что меньше всего поражению грибков подвержены вещества, состоящие из льняных волокон, а также сульфитная и сульфатная целлюлоза. Искусственные волокна более прочные, чем натуральные. Очевидно, что проблема консервации уже напечатанных на бумаге материалов с каждым годом обостряется. Сейчас странно, когда мы не можем читать старые книги, которые не были сохранены в новых цифровых форматах. Именно поэтому сохранение в достойном состоянии старой бумажной литературы так важно для нас и для будущих поколений, так же актуальна проблема получения так называемого «биоцидного» материала. Имеется в виду такой материал, который может уничтожать бактерии, плесневые грибы и насекомых. В работе использованы глины Горбского месторождения Закарпатской области, которые классифицируются как бентонитовые и имеют требуемую консистенцию с размером частиц от 0,3 до 0,25 мм. Авторы исследовали сорбцию латексов базальтовыми волокнами. Были исследованы следующие латексы: дивинил метил метакрилат (DMMA), дивинил нитрил (SKN), изопрен нитрил (L-7). Был использован метод перезарядки поверхности волокон целлюлозы для получения гибкого и прочного фильтрующего материала. Авторы изучили устойчивость материалов к плесени. Провідні індустріальні країни демонструють зростання розвитку паперової промисловості навіть більше, ніж інших галузей. Папір був і є дуже важливим для нашої цивілізації. У електротехнічній, радіотехнічній промисловості широко використовуються різні види паперу для виробництва кабелю, конденсаторів, радіодіффузорів, резисторів, телевізорів тощо. У хімічній промисловості папір використовується для хроматографії, електрофорезу і т. д. Але крім очевидних переваг для простого використання, існує  необхідність розробки і використання матеріалів, стійких до цвілевих грибів і мікроорганізмів. Відомо, що найменше схильні вражатися грибами речовини, що складаються з лляних волокон, а також сульфітна і сульфатна целюлоза. Штучні волокна міцніші, ніж натуральні. Очевидно, що проблема зберігання вже надрукованих на папері матеріалів з кожним роком загострюється. Зараз дивно, коли ми не можемо читати старі книги, які не були збережені в нових цифрових форматах. Саме тому збереження в гідному стані старої паперової літератури так важливо для нас і для майбутніх поколінь, так само актуальна проблема отримання так званого «біоцидного» матеріалу. Мається на увазі такий матеріал, який може знищувати бактерії, цвілеві гриби і комах. В роботі використані глини Горбского родовища Закарпатської області, що класифікуються як бентонітові і мають необхідну консистенцію з  розміром частинок від 0,3 до 0,25 мм. Автори досліджували сорбцію латексів базальтовими волокнами. Були досліджені наступні латекси: дивініл метіл метакрілат (DMMA) , дивініл нітрил (SKN), ізопрен нітрил (L-7). Був використаний метод перезарядки поверхні волокон целюлози для отримання гнучкого і міцного фільтруючого матеріалу, а також перевірили стійкість матеріалів до цвілі. Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2020-12-03 Article Article application/pdf https://surfacezbir.com.ua/index.php/surface/article/view/706 10.15407/Surface.2020.12.153 Surface; No. 12(27) (2020): Surface; 153-160 Поверхность; № 12(27) (2020): Поверхность; 153-160 Поверхня; № 12(27) (2020): Поверхня; 153-160 3154-8091 3154-8083 10.15407/Surface.2020.12 en https://surfacezbir.com.ua/index.php/surface/article/view/706/703 Авторське право (c) 2020 В.М.Шевченко, Н.А. Гуц, А.Є.Шпак, Н.Є.Власенко, О.О.Шульженко |
| spellingShingle | біоцидні матеріали целюлоза базальтові волокна глинисті мінерали латекси Шевченко, В. М. Гуц, Н. А. Шпак, А. Є. Власенко, А. Є. Шульженко, О.О. Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна |
| title | Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна |
| title_alt | Fungi-resistant basalt fiber material Фунгицидно устойчивый материал на основе базальтового волокна |
| title_full | Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна |
| title_fullStr | Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна |
| title_full_unstemmed | Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна |
| title_short | Фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна |
| title_sort | фунгіцидно стійкий матеріал на основі базальтового волокна |
| topic | біоцидні матеріали целюлоза базальтові волокна глинисті мінерали латекси |
| topic_facet | biostable material cellulose basalt fibers clay minerals биоцидные материалы целлюлоза базальтовые волокна глинистые минералы латексы біоцидні матеріали целюлоза базальтові волокна глинисті мінерали латекси |
| url | https://surfacezbir.com.ua/index.php/surface/article/view/706 |
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