Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials
Processes of production of cross-linked polyacrylamide and dextran coating on the FDIP - (finely disperse iron powders) surface have been studied with the use of complex of physical and chemical methods of IR-, XPE-spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. While forming a polyacrylamide layer on the FD...
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| Datum: | 2001 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2001
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Surface| _version_ | 1869291162455506944 |
|---|---|
| author | Fedorenko, O. M. Shklovskaya, N. I. Kurbatova, G. T. Sokhov, S. T. Verholomova, I. A. |
| author_facet | Fedorenko, O. M. Shklovskaya, N. I. Kurbatova, G. T. Sokhov, S. T. Verholomova, I. A. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "O. M. Fedorenko",
"institution": "Інститут хімії поверхні НАН України"
},
{
"author": "N. I. Shklovskaya",
"institution": "Інститут хімії поверхні НАН України"
},
{
"author": "G. T. Kurbatova",
"institution": "Інститут хімії поверхні НАН України"
},
{
"author": "S. T. Sokhov",
"institution": "Stavropol State Medical Academy"
},
{
"author": "I. A. Verholomova",
"institution": "Stavropol State Medical Academy"
}
] |
| author_sort | Fedorenko, O. M. |
| baseUrl_str | |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2018-11-27T09:42:39Z |
| description | Processes of production of cross-linked polyacrylamide and dextran coating on the FDIP - (finely disperse iron powders) surface have been studied with the use of complex of physical and chemical methods of IR-, XPE-spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. While forming a polyacrylamide layer on the FDIP surface in photopolymerisation reaction, a process occurs concurrently which leads to ion-radical forms of oxygen adsorption on magnetic particles, that is manifested in IR spectrum by an intense doublet of bands is 1080 and 1120 cm-1, as well as a transfer of proton of hydroxyl groups of the FDIP surface to a nitrogen atom of polyacrylamide, that is due to appearance of the component 401.0 eV in XPE spectrs of N1s-photoelectrons, corresponding to a NH+ group. During production of the coating of cross-linked dextran on the FDIP surface it was found a formation of complex between ions of iron locating on an outer surface of the stabilizing coating having oxygen-containing groups of the dextran coating, that is supported by a shift of absorption bands of oxygen-containing groups into a long-wave number region, as well as emergence of two new components with bond energies of 709.2 and 712.2 eV in XPE spectruum of Fe2p-photoelectrons.
Directed delivery and distribution of anaesthetics (novocaine, lidocaine, trimecaine) immobilized on FDIP under the influence of an external magnetic field in body tissues of test animals have been studied. The data of emission spectral analysis relating to concentration of iron in soft and bone tissues of animals influenced by constant and alternating magnetic field on the front and rear sides over a period from 0 to 180 min are given. |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-22T19:30:04Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
N{ODIFICATIO]\ oF SURFAсЕ, oF FNЕLY DISPЕRSЕD
IvIAGГ{Е,ТIс PowDЕRs WITII TIIЕ PURPosЕ, To сRЕATЕ
N{ЕDICAL МAТЕRIALS
o.M. Fеdorеnkol, N.I. Shklovskayal, G.T. Kurbatoval, S.T. Sokhov2,
аnd I.A. Vеrholomova.
lInsti1u|е of Suфсе Сhеmistry, Nа|ioпаl Аcqdеmу o/ Scienсеs
- .
Gеn. Nаumov str, iт, куiv-lal,036s0 UKRАINЕ, e-mqil: у!a?-9n@ДцLk4L!9.!
1s'*iip,ot Stаtе MеdiЬаl Аcаdеmу, Mirа str. 3t0, Stаvropol, 355028lRussll
Pгoсеssеs ofpгoduсtion ofсross.linkеd polyaсгуlamidе and dеХtran сoating on the
FDIP _ (finelу сi'p.". i,on powdегs) suгfaсе havе bеen studied with thе usе of сomplеx
of phуsiсal and сhеmiсal mЁthods oi rк-, ХPЕ-spесtrosсop^y and Х-гaу phasе analysis.
Whilе forming u polуu"rylamide layer on thе iprp suгfaсе in photopolуm^егisation
rеaсtion, a pгoсеss o".u'' сonсuпеntlу whiсh leads to ion-гadiсal foгms of oхуgеn
adsoгption on magnеtiс paгtiсles, that isЪanifеstеd in IR spесtrum by an intеnsе douЪlеt
of bands is i 080 unJ i r zo сm.,'
,as
wеll as a tгansfеr of proton of hуdгoxуl gгoups of thе
FDIP suгfaсе ,o u nii'щ.n atom of polyaсrylamidе, that is duе to appeаranсе of thе
сomponеnt 40i.0 еV in )ФЕ spесtгs of Nls-photoеleсtгons' сolтеspondlng to a Nгl
group' Duгing produсtion of the сoating of сгoss.linkеd dеxtran on the FDIP suгfасе it
was found a formation of сomplеx bеtweеn ions of iгon loсating on an outеr suгfaсе of
thе stabilizing сoating haviпg oхуgеn-сontaining groups of the dextгan сoating, that is
,uppo.t.o by"a shift Бг uь'oфtionЪands.of oxygеn-сontaining groups into a long-wavе
numbеr гegion, u, *Ъil u, .Ь.,.g.n." of two nеw сomponеnts with bond еnеrgiеs of
,7О9.2 and1tz.z ev in )ФЕ spесtruum of Fe2p.photoеlесtгons.
Diгесtеd dеlivеry und distribution o? anaеsthеtiсs (novoсainе, 1idoсainе,
tгimeсaine) immobilizеi on FDIP undег thе influеnсе of an ехtеrnal magnеtiс fie|d in
body tissuеs of tеst animals havе bееn studiеd. Thе data of еmission spесtтal analysis
rеlating to сonсеntration of iron in soft and bonе tissuеs of animals influеnсеd bу
сonstant and altеmating magnеtiо fiеld on thе front and геaг sidеs ovеr a pеriod from 0
to 180 min arе given'
Aguidеdtranspoгtofdrugsprеsеntsonеofaсtualproblеmsofmodегn
magnеtophaгmaсology Ъinсе it allows to сrеatе the сonсеntration of a mеdiсinal prеparation
nесеssary foг a сuгativе еffесt in a сегtain bodу paгt, whilе its dosе intгoduсеd is low, that
makеs it possible .o 'Ьlio,. a сurative aсtion sufftсiеntly, to dесгеasе a toxiсo-allегgiс
reaсtion of thе body; tьisЪ*panаs possibilitiеs of using еffrсiеnt mеdiсinal pгеparation with a
high spесifiс toхiaсitу [1.2].---.-
йugn"to-рidеi irugs that arе designed to bе intгoduсed into blood, must rеprеsеnt a
suspеnsion of magnеtrcbiйompatiblе paйсlеs with a size of l.2 nm сomposеd of.a magnеtiс
сomponеnt, matrix' or a сoating of a.synthеtiс or natural рolуmег, and a drug involvеd in
mat;iх poгеs or сhemiсallу immobilized on it [3].
A loсal u""u,nututь,n oi magnetiс сaгriеis in prе-selесtеd arеa of thе body is supposed.to
.u,,y o,,Ьy mеans of еxtегnal ,oi,.., of magnеtii fiеld of a respесtivе strеngth and definite
eradiеnt'
3'76
lе
)n
)п
еI
Г
ir
Эf
is
of
in
,: -rl)
b
FDР (finеly dispегsе iгon powdегs) wеre pгoduсеd by thе Natanson mеthod [3] through
сathodiс elесtro геduсtion of fепous salts from aquеous solutions, with tгansfег оГ tйе
геsulting сrystals into an oгganiс layег сontaining a stabilizеr, wheге olеiс aсid was usеd as
suсh and a modifying additivе - an unsatuгatеd alсohоl, isophitоl. Pгeviously, we havе fоund .
that a сhеmisoгbеd olеiс aсid on thе FDIP - suгfaсе is prеfегablу in ionizеd fогm dеvеloping
by sуmmеtriс (v. = l445 сm.') and asymmetriс (v* = 1550 сm.l) stгеtсhing vibгations oГ
Coo- fragmеnts in lR-spectгa. Thе frеquеnсy diffегеnсе Av : v* - V, ] l00 сm-l is thе
еvidеnсе that a сhelatе bidentatе struсturе of сarboхylatе сomplехеs of (R_Coo-)Fе is
rea|lzed on thе FDIP suгfaсе Isophytol, having a lowеr suгfaсе tеnsion (23,0 dynеs/сm)
сomparеd to that of olеiс aсid (32,5 dуnеУсm) mainly, in an outеr laуеr of thе stabilizing
сoating in prосess of a сompеtitivе adsoгption.
FDIP aге asymmеtгiс dendгitеs with thе spесifiс suгfасе arеa of 2О mzlg, thaт is
еstimatеd by a thегmal dеsoгption of aгgon, and with paгtiсlе sizе of about 20O.40Onm
IR-spесtra of initial and modifуing FDIP wеrе гесoгdеd bу IR-Fouгiег- speсtгoпrеtеr
''Реrkin-Еlmеr''' modеl \720X, and М.80 Karl-Zеis-Jеna in thе 400_4O00сm.i rеgion,
Transmission in thе геgion of 2000 сm., *as - 5-1o% Content of thе modifying сoatiig in
thе FDIP suгfaсе was еstimatеd by ana|уzer foг C,H,N of ..Регkin-Еlmег''. Х-гaу
photoеlесtгоn spесtгa wеrе obtainеd with spесtromеtег Еs-2401 using K. radiation o|
magnium anodе. Calibгation of thе spесtгometег was madе bу Au linе of 4f r,,z еlесtгons of
bond enегgy Е=84,0 еV
Thе samplеs foг rеgistration lvеге fiхеd by a stiсkу tape' UVg.q spесtгa wеге rесordеd
with instrumеnt IJv-vIs. A сoегсivе foгсе of magпеtic powdегs was dеtегmined by a baltistiс
mеthod.
1. Study of polyaсrylаmidе formation proсеss on FDIP surfaсе
Polyaсгуlamidе (PAA) сoating on thе FDIP suгfaсе was pгеparеd using thе геaсtion of
photopolуmеrisation of aсгylamidе and N,N.-mеthylеnе-bis-aсrylamidе in thе glусегоl
solution [a.5] (Tablе 1), bу mеans of initiatoг of гiboflavin' thеt was adsorbеd prеliminaгу
onto thе surfaсе of magnetiс paгtiсlеs.
Таblе 1
Composition and magnеtiс сharaсtегistiсs of FDIP-polyaсгylamidе paгtiсlеs
Wеight сontеnt of
сomponеnts o%
Сoегsifе
Еlеmеntal сomposition of polуaсгуlamidе
shеllwеight %
FDIP Cross-linkеd forsе А"/m
PAA
гn
llv
tu
.o
!lс
in
тo
I
)
J
.l
5
97,0з
95,00
9з'58
90,00
85,80
297
5,00
6,48
10,00
t4,20
l2'70,0 0,51
1<^
3,28
5,08
0,21
0,3 5
0,46
0,10
0,58
0,98
1,28
107
2,80
0,67
l,l3
146
1)S
з'20
lq7 0
I 17,0
120,6
780.0 17о 1.00
Pig' l shows thе lR-spесtгum of гiboflavin and the diffегеntial IR-Fouгiеr spесtrum whiсh
was obtainеd as a геsult of subtгaсtion of the spесtrum of thе initial FDIP from thе IR-Fouгiег
speсtrum of FDIP fгom thе IR. Fouгiеr spесtrum of FDIP _ гiboflavin, гespесtivеly. Thе
diffeгenсе IR spесtrum displaуs a numbеr of absoгption bands typiсal of riboflаvin: 460,
1020,1067,1500, l580, l650, l730 сm.,, еtс., thеге oссuгs a physiсal sorption of initiator in
FDIP suгfaсеs. Position of somе Ьands aгe somеwhat diffегеnt than thosе in thе iR sDесtгurn
зi7
оf thе initial riboflavin whеt сan be eхplainеd by thе tЪсt that сoming into adsoгption foгсе
fiеld of thе FDIP sttгfaсе, a гiboflavin molесulе foгms пе."v intегmolесular bonds diffеring
fгоm assoсiatеs in thе staгting statе.
U1
\
I 100 l 50ОI lOc I 700
a,
ч
500 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
",o-t
Fig.1. IR-Spесtrum of riboflavin (1) and a di|fегеntial lR-Fourieг spесtrum (2).
Tablеts with KBг
Figuге 2 givеs vibгational spесtгa oГ thе initial FDIP (spесtrum 1) and FDIP.PAA-
paгtiсlеs (spесtIirm 2). Thе Ьand olз4z8"'.' in thе IR sресtrum of initial FDIP сoпesponds
io ,t,"."ьing vibrations of thе surfaое oH groups assoсiatеd with H-bond and strеtсhing
vibration oimolесulеs of water adsorbed bу thе FDIP suгfaсе. Thе absoгption band of watег
adsoгbеd bу КBr сrystallitеs was сompеnsatеd at the еxpеnse of positioning thе samе pellеt in
thе rеfегenсе сhannеt The 285l and 2922 сm-| bands сhaгaсterizе symmеtriс an.d
antisуmmеtriсal stгеtсhing vibrations of СНz grouрs of thе stabilizing сoating; thе 17l0 сm-.
band геfеrs strеtсhing viйations of a сarbonуl group of olеiс aсid, thеt is freе of H-bonds;
absomtion at 1'620 сm-l rеlates bending vibrations of watег adsoгbed by thе FDIP-surfaсе;
з78
гing
PAA-
)onds
сhing
watеr
llеt in
: and
) сm.l
ronds;
rfасе;
absoгptioп bands of 1445 and 1550 сm., aге
stгetсhing vibгations of Coo- fragments [6];
assigned to stretсhing vibгations of Fе-oH [7].
assignеd to sуmmеtгiс and
a diffi'rsе absoгption band of
antisymmеtгiс
1050 сm-l is
I
t
I
I
I
'.=
i
1000 1200 1400
Fig.2. IR-Fouriег speсtrum initial of
paгtiсles (2).Tablеts with КBг'
1600 зl00 з500 сn1.l
FDIP (1) and FDIP- polуaсrylamidе
A sеriеs of bands attгibutеd to vibrations of modifiсatoг groups appears in IR spесtrum
of FDIP with a PАА сoating. Тhе intеnsе absoгption Ьafi 16,77 сm.. сhaгactеrizеs stгеtсhing
vibrations of the C=o amidе groups; the low frеquеnсy shouldеr of this Ьand at l642 сm-l in
assignеd to bеnding vibгations of NH2 groups of polуaсrylamidе [6]. The bands of 1360 and
l445 сm.' aге assigned to sуmmetriс and asymmetriс bеnding vibrations of CHz gгoups.
Thе absoгption band.of a low intensity that еХists usually in thе IR spесtrum of
polyaсrylamide at 1 l30 сm., and сoпesponds to C-N dеfoгmation vibгations of amidе gгoup
is oveгlapped in thе givеn сasе by an intеnse doublet ofbands of 1080 and 1 120 сm., In this
rеgion, vibrations of Fe-N must also bе dеvеlopеd [7-8]. Aссording to rеf [9], frеquеnсiеs
of a symmetгiс dеfoгmation vibrаtion of ammonia adsorbеd onto hematite with fогmation of
сoordination Fе-N bond arе of low intеnsitу and liе in thе 1l50-1280 сm-l rеgion, Thе
strong doublеt of bands whiсh wе obseгvеd in thе IR speсtrum has a somewhat an othег
position (l080 and ttz0 сm.l). Тhese bands are assignеd tЪ vibгations of oхygеn o-o in its
ion-гadiсal forms Il0]. Taking into aссюunt, that thе stabilizing сoat on thе FDIP rеpгеsеnts
2922
з428
з19
сarboxуlatе сomplехеs of Fе-2 and Fе*3 of olеiс aсid, photosoгption of oхygеn will oссur on
ions of iгon of thе stabilizing сoat. In dоing so' by analogy with datain геf. Il0], thе band of
l080 сm-' is duе to o-o bond in ion-гadiсal of oz.stabilizеd in Fе*2, and that of 1120 сm-'
сharaсtегizes vibгations of the o-o bond in ion-radiсal of oz. stabilized on Fе-,.
Riboflavin adsoгbеd on the suгГacе and that wе usеd as photoinitiator' сan initiatе also
photodехtruсtion of watег molесulеs [11] adsoгbеd on thе suгfaсe of magпеtiс paгtiсles, that
will make an additional сontгibution into photosoгption proсеsses, oссuггing on suгГaсе of
magnеtiс paгtiсles.
A pеak of Cls in Х-ray photoеleсtгon spесtгum ()PS) of thе initial FDIP is
multiсomponеnt (Fig.3): it сontains maхima assignеd to photoеlесtгons of thе groups of
stabilizing сoating [12]. A maximum with Еьono=285 еV rеlatеs to CH groups 286'5 eV
belong to the groups having C-o bond, 288'6 еV to C=o gгoups 289.6 eУ chaгaсtегizing
Coo.gгoups. Twо pеaks aгe prеsеnt in thе o1s sресtrum' Thе peak bеlonging to bond еnеrgy
of 530.8 еV геfеrs to oxуgеn atoms in a сoгdinational spheгe of Fе atom, thе maхimum of
532,7 е\,bеlongs to oхygеn in organiс fгagmеnts of thе stabilizing сoating'
Ols
283. 285 287 289 еV
Cls
529 531 5зз еV
Ols i'
Nls
;'
28l 28з 285 287 еV 527 529 531 533 еV з96 398 400 4o2 сv
Fig.3. )ФS-spесtrum of thе initial FDIP (1) and FDlP-potyaсrylamidе paгtiсlеs (2).
Fig.3 shows thе ХP-spесtrum of FDIP-PAA рaгtiсles, and Tablе 2 givеs )@S data on
thе suгfiсе of initial FDР and PAA-modifiеd сoating. The main pеak is 284.0 eV in thе
speсtrum of C 1 s photoеlесtгons that diffегs from thе band of C 1s photoelесtrons for thе initial
pЪwdег of iron, i'е. thе laуer to bе аnalyzеd is, mainly, a сoating of PAA on a FDIP surfaсe.
Ьignals of Nls phоtoеlесtrons arе rесoгdеd in thе ХP- spесtrum of FDIP modifiеd by
poTyaсry1amidе, tЬat is an evidenсе of nitгogen pгеsеnt in thе ехaminеd сoating. The speсtrum
Ьгшr, ihotoеlесtгons is оomрliсatеd: it сonsists of two сomponеnts having bond enегgiеs of
399.0 aЪd 40l.3 еV. The main pеak 399.0 еV bеlongs to Nls phоtoеlесtгons of nitгogеn
аtoms in struсtuге of polуaсrylamidе amino gгoups and thе peak at 401.0 еV сomposing 0.3
of the total spесtral arеa сharaсtеrizеs pгotonatеd amino gгoups of polyaсrylamidе (NtГ),
3E0
on
J сlf
-t:m-
rlso
that
:of
t is
soГ
еV
z\no
эгgу
зoГ
thеiг appеaгanсе sееms to bе duе to a proton transfrr ofthе suгfaсе hуdгоxуl groups towards a
nitrogеn atom of PAA. Duгing synthеsis when molесulеs of aсrylamidе monomеr pеnеtratе
into outer sцгfaсе of the stabilizing сoating, its сooгdination is madе possiblе bothby oхygеn
and nitrogеn [l3]. Whilе сomplеx is formеd though an oхуgеn atom, a shape (iI) is thе most
pгefeгrеd'
o
II
СFI2:с Fl-с-NIt2 -+ С H2 :с н-C:NHz+ СI]2 :сI{-C
-NH2
IIIШI
whегeas struсturеS (I) and (III) havе to takе plaсе foг сoordination of N
Tаblе 2
Х-raу-phоtoеlесtron сhaгaсtегistiсs of thе FDIP and FDIP.polyaсгуlamidе partiс1еs
o-
I
o'
I
Cls Ols Fе2p Nls
Sample
Еьona' еV % Еьnnа. еV % Еьonа. €V Еьonа' еV %o
28з 8
285.0
286.5
288.6
289.6
tl
54
tl
F,
6
5зО,2
>5 | I
711 056
44
FDР initial
282.4
284.2
286.0
288,0
289.7
o
))
.,А
8
А
l6
t>
9
529 0
5з0.0
5з1.,]
-111
.',| 399.0
401.0
60
40FDР with
PAA сoating
':з on
': thе
r..i',ial
::Ъсе.
.- vJ
'-n1m
-; ) ur
..1оPn
.g Ъ.з
\ri),
Thе foгmation of a resonant struсtuге (II) doеs not oссur, sinсе no signifiсant сhanges in
strеtсhing fгеquеnсiеs of C:o, C-N, and NH linkagеs arе obsегvеd. Pеrhaps, a proton
transfеr surfaсе hydroхyl groups to nitгogеn atom makеs a gеnегal сontribution to appеaгanсе
of NH2* groups in polymегiс layеr that is suppoгtеd bу thе ХР.spесtrum'
Тhus, it has bееn shown that as a геsult of photopolymегyzation rеaсtion of aсrylamidе,
шsing гiboflavin as initiatoг, thеге is foгmеd a biocompatiblе polyaсгylamidе сoating on thе
FDIP surfaсе that сan aсt as a сapaсious and еffrciеnt сontainег of druяs with a vаried
spесtrum of aсtion.
2. Speсtrosсopiс study of produсtion proсess of bioсompаtiblе сoating
from сross.linkеd dехtran on surfaсе of finеly dispеrsе рowderеd iron
Dеxtгan bеlongs to polysaссhaгidеs Il4]' it is pгoduсed by tесhлiquе of a
miсrobiologiсal synthеsis; the major molесulaг сhain of dехtгan сonsists of anhуdo-D-
gluсopiгanosе сyсlеs linkеd, prеfегably with сr-1 6-gliсosidе bonds'
In addition to сr-l.&gliсosidе bonds in mасromolесulеs of vaгious prеparations of dеxtгarц thеsе
maу сontain a diffеrеnt quаntity of сr-l2, с-1.3, oг сt-l.4-gliсоsidе bonds, йth aid of whiсh thеre is
aссюmplishеd usuаlly addition of sidе сhains to thе major сhain.
з8l
To pгеpaгe the bioсompatiblе сoating of a сross-linkеd dехtran, it was used dеxtran from
the fiгm ''Polfa'' (mol wеight 70000) and polyglukin (drу, tесhniсal, an avегagе mol. wеight
55O00) Synthеsis of iгon-dехtran paгtiсlеs was еffеctеd by means of еmulsion polуmеrization
t15] As a сгoss.linking геagеnt thеrе was usеd epiсhloгohуdгinе 2.4.6.
tгisdimetylaminomеtуlphеnol as an and initiator of polymerization, [16]. A hydrolytiс
stabilitу of геsulting miсro paгtiсlеs was еstimatеd by lеaсhing dехtгan out of сomposition of
iron-dехtгan paгtiсlеs into a solution aftеr agitating of somе amount of thе samplе with a
phosphatе buffеr (pН 8 5) foг an houг and сеntгifuging thе suspеnsion whilе mеasuгing thе
conсеntгation of deхtran iп a supeгnatant liquid Ьy a foгmation of a stainеd сompleх with
anthгonе (kеto-derivatе of 9-hydroxу.anthгaсene) in a mеdium of a conсеntratеd sulphuriс
aсid foг l.,*=625 nm.
Тablе 3 pгesеnts physiсal.сhеmiсal propепiеs of thе staгting FDIP and FDIP-dехtran
paпiсles, whiсh diffeг fгom еaсh othеr bу duration of sуnthеsis: 2-0 5 hг, 3.4-1 hr, 5.6-2hr
In thе lR spесtrum staгting dехtгan [17] a strong absoгbtion band in the rangе of 3i00-
3600 сm-l is duе to stгеtсhing vibгation of oH gгoup's dехtrane, assoсiatеd with H-bonds' A
broad band with a main maхim\m at 2920 сm.. сharaсtегizеs stгеtching vibгations of CH
groups' Тhе 165O and |42О сm-, bands shold bе assignеd to bending vibгations of molесulеs
of thе absoгbеd rr.atег and to intеrn.al bеnding vibгation oГmеthylеnе gгoups, Thе absoгbtion
in a rеgion of about l200-1400 сm., is duе to еxteгnal bеnding vibгations of mеthуlеnе gгoups
and CH gгoups as wеll as to planar vibгation ofhydгoхуl groups ofdехtгan [17.l8].
Strеtсhing vibгations of С-o and С=C pyгanosе rings' glусosidе bond of C-o radiсal
and spinning vibгations of CHu gгoups arе dеvеloрed in thе 950.1200 сm.l гegion. Тhе most
intеnsе bands in this геgion arе assignеd to vibrations of a С-o bond of pугanosе rings.
Adsoгption band in thе rangе of 700-950 сm-, сhaгaсtегizеs equatoгial @) and axial (A) Cн-
grouрs, aссording to whiсh a сonformational analуsis of dехtгan сhain is pегfoгmеd usuallу'
An amorphous dеxtгan has a stгuсtuгal foгm ЕAААA, that indiсatеs сonfoгmation of Cr,that
is dеvеlopеd in IR spеоtrum bу thе pгеsеnсе оf.bands at158,844,91,2 оm-'. A bгoad diffi:sе
band in the 1ow fгеquеnсy геgion (400-600 сm.,) is duе to out of plane bеnding vibrations of
hуdroхуl gгoups and to obегtоnе of hydгogеn bonds, Thе absoгption bands thеmsеlves'
bеlonding to stгеtсhing and bеnding viЬrations of H-bond, aге displaуеd in thе faг IR speсtral
геgion (100-200 сm.,)
Table 3
Composition in Physiсосhеmiсai Propегtiеs of Paгеnt FDIP and FDIP-Dехtгan Paгtiсlеs
Еlеmеntaгv analvsis
Type of speсimеnts C,%bу |1'%bу
wеt wеl
Spесifiс
suгfaсе aгеa
5, m-/g
Сoеrсitiv
еnergy
[L, kA/п
I
2
J
А
5
6
InitialFDIP
ЕDIP-dехtгan paгtiсlеs
5.79
6.'r5
790
6,JJ
1'1'4О
26 90
Authoгs lls.20] havе pеrfoгmеd сalсulation of сonfoгmations and fгеquеnсiеs of norma]
vibrations and thеir intеnsity, dеveloping in thе IR sрeсtrum' on modеl сompounds сontaming
a hехapiгanosе сусlе with diffеrеnt substituеnts.
1 з.7
1.20
1з6
14)
l.) I
470
1 1.0
l,э
2.7
5.9
o.z
7.3
258
625
't7.6
5'7.2
64.1
9.44
з82
om
ght
ion
r6-
у.tiс
lof
ha
thе
vith
;гiс
:гan
00-
)n
СF{
ul еs
'tion
)ups
liсal
nost
ngs
Сri-
allу.
that
fusе
пs of
l\,еs,
)сtral
During foгmation of thе polymeг сoating of a сrossJinkеd deхtгan, thеrе takеs plaсе
геalization of intеrmoleсulaг intегaсtions bеtwееn proton-donаting groups of deхtгаn and a
stabilizing сoat of FDIP. In addition, oхygеn-сontaining gтoups of dеxtгane саn takе part in
foгmation of сomplexеs in thе intеrfaсе. a stabilizing FDIP сoating _ a сrossJinkеd dехtran. Thе
authoгs [2l] havе shown that fеггous oхidеs as wеll as oryhydroxidеs of iгon (IШ) weге ablе to
foгm iтon-polysaссharidе сomplехеs.
Тhe absoгption bands аppеaг in thе IR sprctrum of FDР-dеxtran paгtiсlеs, that
chaгacterize vibгations of gгoups of thе modifuing сoating' of spесial inteгеst foг studies was
thе IR-speсtгal rеgion of FDIP.dехtгan paгtiсiеs, that rесordеd vibrations of oхygen-
сontaining gгoups сapablе of foгming сompleхеs with oхidеs and ions of iгon, ехisting in thе
FDIP suгfaсе, as wеll as with fеггous ions of thе stabilizing сoating [22].Foг a moге dеtailеd
studу оf thе speсtгa obtained, it was applied thе method of numеriсal diffеrеntiation фD) of
сontours ofabsoгption bands [23] Figurе 4 givеs fragmеnts ofIR spесtra ofthe сгossJinkеd
dеxtгan (l) and FDlP-dеxtran paгtiсlеs (2), and thеir sесond deгivativеs (1.and 2')'
геspесtivеly.
Thе 900-1200 сm., absorption Ьands aгe duе to stгеtсhing vibrations, v(С-o), of a
piranosе сyсle, a gliсosidе oxygеn as wеll as to C-C skеlеton vibгations of a pyranose сусlе
and othег vibгational modеs [23] Compaгing thе IR spесtra of сross-linkеd dеxtran and
FDIP-dе)dran paгtiсlеs and thеir srсond dегivativеs, onе сan obsеrvе a shift of absoгption
band in thе IR speсtrum Гrom 998 to l0l3 сm.', as wеll as appeaгanсе of a ll2l сm.l
сomponеnt on a shoulder of the ll09 сm.lband that may bе duе to formation of сomplехеs
bеtwееn Геггous ions of thе stabilizing сoating and oхуgеn сontaining gгouрs of thе сгoss-
linked dехtran' Thе dеfinitе сontгibution intо сhangеs in IR speсtгa is madе by a differеnt
сhaгaсtег of intегmoleсular intегaсtions, in рaгtiсulal, rеalization of hydгogen bonds in thе
сross-linkеd dехtгan and FDIP-dеxtгan рaгtiсlеs.
Fig.4. IR.spесtrum of thе сгoss-linkеd dехtгan (1) and FDlP-dеxtran paпiсlеs
(2), as wеli as thеir sесond Dеrivativеs (1)1 and (2)1' rеspесtivеlу.
Tablеts with KBr.
Еc
-'-:-':-
:сlt1v
егgy
кrull
ts
/.o
.i1
){. I
oгma]
зming
l0?8 ltOo
^l
158
383
Тhe starting FDIP has a сubiс faсе-сеntегеd с-struсtцrе of iron with interplanaг
distanсеs of a=2.02Ь. Also, an oхidе film of Fез oц is foгmеd on thе FDIP suгfaсе having
inteгplanar distanсes of 2.53A Difгaсtogram of^the сгoss-linkеd dеxtran (frg' 5, сuгvе 1) has
an amorphous halo at 22" .
^
shouldeг nеaг 18" еmегgеs in diffraсtogram of FDIP-dехtran
paпiсlеs (fig 5, сuгve 2) Тhе appеaranсе ofthе additional сomponеnt on the diffraсtogram is
duе to formation of сomрlехеs with fеrгous ions pгеsеnt on thе outеr suгfaсе of thе stabilizing
сoаting, with oxуgеn сontaining groups ofthе сross.linkеd dехtгan.
Thе staпing FDР and FDIP-dехtran paftiсlеs weге ivеstigatеd by thе )ФS tесhniquе
(Tablе 4 ' ftg 6)' C 1 s-spесtrum of thе original iron powdеr is multiсomponеnt onе. It соntains
pеaks rеsponsiblе foг photoеlесtrons of gгoups of the stabilizing сoating [12]: maхimum with
Еьnа=283.2; 286.0; 288.6 and 289 8 еV rеfеr to CH groups and groups inсluding C-o, C=o
and Coo.bonds, геspесtively. Two peaks aге pгеsent in thе ols spесtrum. Thе pеak assignеd
to the binding еnеrgy 530.8 еV, may be attгibutеd to oxygеn atoms in a сoordination sphегe of
iron, and the peak at 5З2'.7 еV bеlongs to oхygеn in organiс fragmеnts of thе stabilizing
сoating. Photoеlесtгon signals responsiblе foг сomponеnts of groups of thе modyfing сoating
aге геgistегed in )ФS spесtгa of modifiеd samplеs of FDIP (Tablе 4, Гtg 6).In ols sресtrum,
signals of photoеlесtгons rеsponsiblе foг соmponеnts of gгoups of thе stabilizing сoating arе
absеnt in Гaсt that is the еvidеnсе that thе laуеr to bе studiеd гepгеsеnts thе сross-linkеd
dextгan.
50 2Ф, gгаd.
Fig.5. DifIгaсtograms patteгns of FDР-dехtran рaпiсlеs (i)
and thе сross-linkеd dеxtгan (2).
-
403020
з84
TabIе 4
Х-raу Photoelесtron Charaсteristiсs of thе Suгfaсе of Initial FDIP and FDIP-Dextгan partiсlеs
Spеcimen Cls Ols FeZp
eV Rеl.% еV Rеl.% еV Rеl.%
InitialFDIP
FDIP-dехtгan оaгtiсlеs
28з,2
285.0
286.5
288.6
289 6
284.0
285.0
286.s
288.0
289.2
tt
54
tl
6
6
59
18
I
Ат
530.8
5з2.7
531.2
53з.0
5з4.5
56
44
20
64
l6
7l 1.0
709.2
'7 tt .4
'712.2
я
l.
'tt
-
Cls
Ols
283 2t1s 281 еv 5z9 5з1 53.] еv
Cls
28з 285 287 529 53l 533 535 еv
Binding еnеrgy. еv
Fig.6. )GS.spесtrum of thе initial FDIP (l) and FDIP-dекгan paгtiсlеs (2)
385
Еssеntial diffeгеnсеs arе obseгvеd in )ФS spесtгa of Fе2p-photoеlесtrons of thе oгiginal
FDIP and FDIP-dехtгan paгtiсlеs (Tablе 4) In thе original FDIP it is rеgistеd onе peak of
binding еneгgу 71l O еV rеspоnsiblе foг сaгboхyl сomplexеs of iгon, whilе foг FDIP-dеxtгan
paпiсlеs wе obsеrve additional two сomponеnts with binding еnеrgies of 1О9 '2 and 7l2.0 еV,
ihаt сonfiгms a foгmation of iron сomplеxеs on thе outeг suгfaсе of thе stabilizing сoating
with oхygеn сontaining groups of dехtгan.
Тйus, thе usе of сomplех oГ phуsiсoсhеmiсal mеthods has shown, that a polymеr
сoating of a сross-linkеd dехtran was foгming on thе FDIP suгГaсe' It was found that oхуgеn.
сontaining gгoups of thе сгoss.linked dеxtгan formеd сomplеx with fеггous ions loсating on
thе outеi suгfacе of thе stаbilizing сoating of FDIP that was manifеstеd by a shift of
absoгption bands of oХygen containing gгoups intо thе long-wavе геgion, by appearanсе of
two iomponеnts with bond enеrgiеs of 109'2 and 112'2 еV in )ФS spесtra oГ Fе2p
photоеlесtгons, and bу distoгtion of struсture of amoгphous dехtгan'
3. Thе Distributiоn of Anaеsthеtiсs Immobilisеd in Finеlу Dispеrse
Irоn Powdеrs' in the Body of Ехрerimеntal Animals
Тhе pгoblеm of thе dirесted transpoгt of drugs in thе bоdу to tаrgеt organs has гemainеd
hrghlу topiсal in thе last l0-l5 уears|\'2,24,25] onе waу of solving this problem is to usе
mignеtiсattv сontгollable сaгriеrs with thе aid of ехtеrnal souгсеs of magnеtiс fiеld' As a rulе,
tlrе magnеtiс сomponеnt usеd a highlу dispегsеd mеtalliс iгon oг its охidеs and, as
biосompatiblе matгiх, ргotеins or polуsaссhartdes |26-28]. In [29] magnetiс albumin
miс.osjhe.еs of diametег 1-2 рm сontaining 80% magnеtiс miсroсarrieг and 2Оo/o foгm-
shaping сomponents wеrе dеvisеd, whiсh inсludеd thе drug substanсе (adгiamiсin,
mitЬm}сin, 5.fluoгouгaсiI L27], еtс,). In [30] invеstigations сonсеrnеd with dеvеloping
mеthods and forms of thе magnеto.сontrolled bеhaviour of antitumouг pгеpaгаtions in
ехpеrimеnts on laboгatory animals and in [3 1] antibiotiоs,еtс. arе геviеwеd,
Ferromagnеtiс paпiсlеs and suspensions thеmselvеs, rvithout thе drug,displaу high
biologiсal aоti/ity when intгoduсеd intо thе animal body [32] With геgaгd to the гesults of
.*рoi,,. of thе iiving bodу to a magnеtiс.fiеld, it is wеll known [31] that it lеngthеns thе
lifЬspan of thе tеst animals and inhibits thе growth of various еxperimеntal tumours. Тhе
introduсtion of finеly dispеrse mеtal powdеrs' inсluding iгon, into thе animal bodу foг
theгapеutiс purposes.was iхaminеd in [33] An impoгtant problem is thе distribution of thе
fе,,oЬugn"tiс йaterial in thе organs and tissues and аlso thе pathwaуs for its сonvегsion and
thе dуnimiсs of its еlimination Гrom thе bodу In [3a] thе atom.adsoгption mеthod was usеd
to ,шoy thе сhangе in thе iron сontеnt of the animal organs aftеr intrapеritonеal
administration of ultradispеrsе magnеtiс paпiсlеs basеd on magnеtitе and FDIP ovег a pеriod
of 14 days. Thе gгeatеst tiopiсitу foг magnеtiс сolloids was displaуеd by thе livег and sp}9еn
тhЪ aim oithе prеsеni pupЪ. is to геpoгt thе гesults of a study of the aЬilitу of a mеdiсinal
substanсе, immobilizеd on FDiP, to еntеr in dirесtеd foгm and dеposit itsеlf at the foсus of
putьotogy uпdеr thе influеnое of a magnetiс fiеld. Wе studiеd thе distribution of iгon introduсеd
Ь..up.йn*lly into thе bodу of thе еxpеrimеntal animals in thе form of an aquеous suspeпsion
oггЬp and a drug - anaеstЬetiс in thе soft aлd bonе tissuеs of thе animal as a funсtion on the
time of ехposuгe to сontaсt (сМF) oг altemating ( AМF) magnetiс filds on thе front oг геar sidе
ofехposure'
For thе invеstigation wе еmployеd еnrissioп spесtral analуsis [35] and usеd drugs
(novoсaine, lidoсainе and tгimесainе) ippliеd thгough adsorption fгom aqueous solutions to
the su.faсе of the highlу iгon рowdеrs. ть" гoгp wеrе obtainеd by an еlесtrolitiс mеthod
whiсh rvе modifiеd, tйе natuгal polуsaссharidе dехtгan seгving as bioсompatible сovег [14]'
Thе ехpеriments wеге сonduсtеd on guinеa pigs wеighing up to 25Оg and whitе miсе
weighing upio 40g. All thе animals wеrе divided into four groups: onе gгouр was the сontrol
386
lal
of
dtl
lЦ5
1еr
еn-
on
of
of
rfn--r
and thе fo1lоwing thгее FDIP.dехtran-novoсaine (FDIР-D-N)' FDIP-dеxtran-lidoсaine (FDIP.
D-L) and FDIP _ dеxtran.trimесaine(FDlP-D-Tri). Еaсh samplе сontaining onе drug and
intеndеd foг a sеriеs of ехpеrimеnts сontainеd up to 85% FDIP,12уo mеdiсinal substanсе and
3o% dехtгan oг 10 mg of anaеstеtiс pег ml of suspеnsion.
Тhе аnimals of еaсh gгoup werе dividеd into two subgгoups, dеpending on thе typе of
magnеtiс fiеlds _ СМF (induсtion 33.5 mT) and АМF (induсtion 30-7,5 mT). Thе time of
ехposuге to thе magnеtiс fiеlds was 0.180 min. Thе fеггomagnеtiс suspеnsion was
administеrеd to thе animals intrapегitonеallу in an amount of 0, l ml foг miсе and 0,5 ml foг
guinеa pigs, i'е 25 mlkg wеight' геspесtivеly. Thе animals wеге plaсеd at a distanсе of l5
сm f,rоm thе magnеtiс fiеld souгсе, for which Wе usеd a Polуus*l appaгatus foг
magnеtothеrapу with a сontinuous modе of opегation. At thе еnd of a definеd ехposuгe timе
tо thе magnеtiс fiеlds, thе animals wеrе dесapitatеd undеr еthеr anaestesia.
To in.lеstigate thе amount of feпomagnеtiс matегial aссumulated in the tissuеs, we isolatес
thе foilоwing sесtions: l) thе soft tissuе of thе front limb; 2) the soft tissuе hind limb; 3) thе soft
tissuе of thе latеral suгГacе of thе abdomеn; 4) thе bonе tissue of thе front limb; 5) the bonе tissuе
of thе hind limb; and 6, thе bonе tissuе of thе mandiblе' In еасh сasе wе invеstigatеd thе tissuеs
оn thе side of еxposurе to thе magnеtiс fiеld (thе fтont) аnd on thе rеar sidе (thе геaг). Poгtions of
thе tissuеs wеrе rеduсеd tо ash in a mufilе fuгnaсе at a tеmpeгatuге of 500"C for lh. Thе ash
rеsiduе in a miхtuге with spесtrallу рuгe gгaphitе powdег was сombustеd in an altеrnating сuгrrnt
arс. Тhеn, using an SP-3 spесtгogгaph (Carl Zеiss Jеna, Gегmanу), wе photographed thе spесtгa
of thе samplеs and alongsidе thеm thе sсalе and spесtrum of iron. In eaсh spеctrum wе
рhotomеtеrеd thе iron linе (сr:3020,5 A) and thе сalсium linе (}" =з159A). Thе quantitativе iгon
соntеnt in thе poпions of tissuеs ехрosed to thе magnеtiс fiеld was dеtеrminеd fгom thе foгmula;
PFеBPСаА - PFеАРСаBL'^ _
PСаBPСаА
rvhеге РFеB and PCaB arе thе оptiсal dеnsitу of thе iгon linе oг thе сalсium line' rеspесtivеly,
in thе spесtra poгtiоns of tissuеs ехposеd to thе magnеtiо Гlеld, and PFеA and PCaA aге the
samе foг tissuеs not ехposеd to it. The rеsults aге shown in Figs 7 and 8 and Tablеs 5 and 6'
As follows from thе figurеs, thе maхimum aссumulation of iгon in thе tissuеs oссuгеd within
30-60 rnin of thе staп and thеn thе amount of aссumulatеd iron еithег staЬilizеd throughout
thе obsеrvation pеriod or fеll. Тablе 5 prеsents the геsults геferгing spесifically to thе timеs of
3O-min and 60-min ехposuге to thе magnеtiс fiеld.
A сompaгativе analуsis on the front sidе of eхposurr (fr) to thе CМF and AlvIF (30 min
and 60 min from thе staгt, Tablе 5) shows that for tissuеs Nos 1, 2,5,6 a faг gгеatеr еffесt
was obsеrvеd on еxposurе to thе CМF and foг tissues Nos 3 and 4 on еxposuге to thе AМF.
Тhе rеsults of thе СN{F and АМF ехposuгеs on thе геaг sidе (геar) diffегеd: on ехposurе to
thе СМF for thе paгtiсlеs with novoсainе and tгimесainе laтgег vatuеs wеге obsеrvеd for
nеarlу all thе tissuеs, whilе in thе сase of lidoсaine largеr values wеre obtainеd on ехposurе to
thе AМF (Table 5)
387
nеd
usе
ulе,
as
mln
lгm-
гin
рlng
sin
'-i^L
r r:5 r,
:s of
i thе
Thе
Гor
Г thе
and
usеd
lnеal
эriod
ееn.
iсinal
is of
luсеd
nsion
rn the
г sidе
cгugs
)ns to
еthod
.{.1
.
пtiсе
эntгol
Fе
?\
2,0
!s
0.5
ttrb.untt,s
4,0
3,0
2,0
1,0
1S
,)о
1,0
0,5
60 120 I 80 60 120 | 80 60 I 20 180
f.min
Fig.7. Сhangе in thе iгon сontеnt of thе tissuеs of thе living bodу aftеr
administгation of FDIP-D-N (a)' FDIP-D-L (b), FDIР-D.Tri (с) and thе
aсtion of thе СМF on the side of еxposuгe (fr.) In Figs 8 and 9 thе
numbегs on the сuп,еs сoпеsDond to thе tissue numbегs.
аrb' uпits.
r20
Цmin
Fig.8. Сhange in thе iгon сontеnt of thе tissues of the living body aftег thе
administгation of FDIP.D-N (a)' FDIP.D.L (b)' FDIP-D-Тri (с) and on
thе геar side oГthе ехposuге to the CМF
A сompaгisоn of the distгibution of thе irоn over thе soft and bonе tissuеs of thе animal
bodу (Figs.7 and 8) showеd that a сhaгaсtегistiс fеatuге of all thе tissuеs wаs a гapid
aссumulation of iron in thе first 10-20 min and a rеlativеlу slow dесгеasе in its сontеnt in thе
neхt 160.170 min. Thе highеst iron сontеnt was obsеrvеd for tissue No 3 of systеms (6) and
(8), i.е. foг thе FDIP-D-paпiсles on the side exposurе (fг) both for thе CМF and AМF (Table
5) In tissuеs Nos l and 2 thе paгtiсles with diffегеnt drugs showеd up diffегеntly: more iгon
acсumulatеd in thе сasе of novoоainе and tгimесainе on еxposurе to thе CМF, on thе front
side, but longеr retention was оЬseгved on thе геar side on rхposurе to the AМF. In nеaгly all
systеms thе bonе tissuеs Nos 4-6 in thе timе intеrval studiеd, aссumulatеd iгon in muсh
smallег quantitiеs than did thе soft tissuеs, whiсh is quite undеrstandablе, but lost it muсh
moгe slowly.
1.5
1.0
4
з88
Tablе 5
Iгon сontеnt of thе animal bodу (aгb. units) 30 min and
administration of immobilizеd an aеsthеtiсs and apрliсation
(сI\ш) oг an altегnating magnеtiс fiеld (А]r{F)
60 min after intгaperitonеal
оf a constant magnеtiс fiеld
CМF, sidе (rеaг) A-lr,IF, sidе (гear)
Timе' min FDIP-deхtran- FDIP-deхtran-
Тri Tгi
30
б0
087
088
0.'7'7
086
093
1.38
088
087
0.89
0 9l
079
080
JU
60
t25
I ^1,O
0 6r
1,21
086
0 8l
142
t64
1.80
ll'79
0 81
0.93
30
60
r53
I.sl
1.43
I .53
I l5
116
|,эу
l.з0
184
l.8l
1.50
l5l
0.69
0 6'7
30
60
1.48
150
0.76
0.8 I
1 .11
1 a^\.LЧ
o.64
0.91
1.25
r.30
l0
60
О.87
169
091 087
082
0.75
0.80
0.94
102
v. I J
0.74
0.6 i
084
30
60
О,12
0.62
014
0.68
0.57
0.60
0.6з
0.81
0s9
049
CМF, sidе (fф AМF, sidе (fг)
JU
60
238
233
158
| А.|.ЧL
225
2'2з
1.46
1.50
l. l8
1.10
r09
1. t0
30
б0
148
148
О.7з
093
087
088
l.J I
I,чL
1.78
111
070
069
з0
б0
136
1.3 I
390
з84
1.15
1.13
r.42
162
4.84
4.5з
L63
1.70
JU
60
0.89
1Оz
2.09
i.99
0.87
071
140
t.6'7
096
096
0.84
083
п.]]n
30
60
t2l,
0.90
О.92
095
095
099
0.71
0.'74
0.87
0.91
0.91
090
30
6О
107
196
1 9'7
1 А.
080
076
\.20
1 1А
0.83
0.91
0.69
0.68
imal
apid
] thе
and
'able
From Figs 7 and 8 and Tablе 5 it сan be sееn that foг all paгtiсles (with novoсainе,
lidoсainе and tгimесainе) a higheг lеvеl of iron aссumulation in all tissuеs on еxposure to thе
CМF was obsеrvеd on thе front sidе of ехposuге (fr.) Thе samе dependеnсе, but lеss
pronounсеd, was obserwеd for tissuеs eхposеd to thе aсtion of Atr4F (Tablе 5).
Wе will сompaIе thе сurvеs of iron aссumulation foг thе paгtiсlеs with novoсainе,
lidoсaunе and tгimесainе, оthеr things bеing еqual (Figs 7 and 8). In thе maiц thе diffeгеnсеs arе
slight: foг paпiсlеs with novoсaine and tгimесainе thе valuеs of aссumulatеd iгon arе wеry сlosе,
somеwhat highеr foг tгimесainе, but faг largег for lidoсainе, еspесially foг tissuеs Nos 3 and 2,
Thеsе diffеrеnсеs aге obviоuslу duе to thе diffеrеnt sizе of the molесulеs of thе drugs and,
aссoгdinglу, to thе diffегеnt absoгption propегtiеs' Тhus, thе shortеst is the lidoсainе molесulе
(2,6 -dimеthуl-N,N'-diеthylamino-асеtanilide hydгoсhloгidе), thе tгimeсainе molесules is longеr
than it by onе mеthуl gлoup (2,4,6-tгimеthуl-N,N'.diеthylamino-aсеtanilidе hydroсШoгidе) and
thе longеst oГthеm is thе novoсainе moleсulе (p.diеthуlamino-еthyl еsteг of n-aminobеnzoiс асid
hуdroсhloridе). A соmpaгison оf thе гesults in thе moге/lеss tегms is givеn in Tablе 6.
lгon
lront
у all
nuсh
nuсh
389
Tablе 6
Compaгativе сhaгaоtегization of thе distгibution оf iron in thе tissuеs of thе animal bodу aftеr
administration of immobilizеd ar: aеsthеtiсs and еxposurе to a сonstant magnetiс field (CМF)
oг an altеrnating magnеtiс fiеld (AМF) mеasurеd on the sidе of еxposure (fгo) or thе rear
(геar) (aссoгding to the maхimum of thе сurvе for еaсh tissuе)
Sуstem numbег Мagnеtiс fiеld Sidе ofехposuге Iron distribution in tissues
FDIP.dеxtran. nоvoсal n
1
2
3
А
СN{F
CN{F
АI4F
А}{F
(гeaг)
(fг)
(rеar)
5>>3>4>2>>l>6
l>>6>>2>3>5>4
2>3>>4-]l>5>6
4>3>1>2>6>5
5
б
i-
E
CМF
С]иF
Alvtr
AМF
fг
FDIP-dехtгan-l idoсai nе
(rеar,
(f0
(rеaг)
з>>2>|>4>5>6
з>>4>6>7>5-2
з>z>4>5>L>6
3>>2>>1>4-5-6
сМF
Clv'IF
AМF
AN,1F
Тhus, on administеring thе immobi1izеd anaеsthеtiсs, novoсainе, lidoсainе and
trimесainе to thе animals in thЪ magnеtiс FDIP.dехtгan сaгriег and applying a magnеtiс fiеld,
thе maхimum aссumulation of iion in thе tissuеs oссurs in a timе from 20-l80min'
Aссumu]ation of iron is somеwhat gгеatег in a сonstant magnеtiс fiеld than in an alteгnating,
bе1ng gгеatе. on thе sidе oГ exposuй to the fiеld than on the геaг in the сasе of thе CМF and
about thе samе in thе сasе of tЬе AМF Hеaviеr aссumulation is observеd in soft tissues than
in bonе tissues and among thе soft tissuеs that of thе latегal suгfaсе of thе abdomеn sharply
stands out In 1егms of thJamount of iгon aссumulatеd in thе tissuеs thе anaеsthеtiсs usеd are
in thе oгdег: novoсainе < tгimесainе < lidoсainе
Rеfеrеnсes
i Нafеli U , Sсhut W,, Tеileг J., Zbororvski N, Sсiеntifiс and Cliniсal Appliсations of
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^^
llColloidsand Suгfасеs.. 1991.-У 52-
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fr
(rеaI]
(fО
(rеaг)
гг
4>|>з>5>2>6
|>>З>4-5-2-6
з>>2>7-5>4>6
з>>z>5-4>2-6
FDlP-dехtгan.tгlmесa1nе
390
l5
l6
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з92
|
| id | oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-75 |
| institution | Surface |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-22T19:30:04Z |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publisher | Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | surfacezbircomua/fd/05d514d34826c90bf04cb4cea83bb9fd.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article-752018-11-27T09:42:39Z Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials Fedorenko, O. M. Shklovskaya, N. I. Kurbatova, G. T. Sokhov, S. T. Verholomova, I. A. Processes of production of cross-linked polyacrylamide and dextran coating on the FDIP - (finely disperse iron powders) surface have been studied with the use of complex of physical and chemical methods of IR-, XPE-spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. While forming a polyacrylamide layer on the FDIP surface in photopolymerisation reaction, a process occurs concurrently which leads to ion-radical forms of oxygen adsorption on magnetic particles, that is manifested in IR spectrum by an intense doublet of bands is 1080 and 1120 cm-1, as well as a transfer of proton of hydroxyl groups of the FDIP surface to a nitrogen atom of polyacrylamide, that is due to appearance of the component 401.0 eV in XPE spectrs of N1s-photoelectrons, corresponding to a NH+ group. During production of the coating of cross-linked dextran on the FDIP surface it was found a formation of complex between ions of iron locating on an outer surface of the stabilizing coating having oxygen-containing groups of the dextran coating, that is supported by a shift of absorption bands of oxygen-containing groups into a long-wave number region, as well as emergence of two new components with bond energies of 709.2 and 712.2 eV in XPE spectruum of Fe2p-photoelectrons. Directed delivery and distribution of anaesthetics (novocaine, lidocaine, trimecaine) immobilized on FDIP under the influence of an external magnetic field in body tissues of test animals have been studied. The data of emission spectral analysis relating to concentration of iron in soft and bone tissues of animals influenced by constant and alternating magnetic field on the front and rear sides over a period from 0 to 180 min are given. Processes of production of cross-linked polyacrylamide and dextran coating on the FDIP - (finely disperse iron powders) surface have been studied with the use of complex of physical and chemical methods of IR-, XPE-spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. While forming a polyacrylamide layer on the FDIP surface in photopolymerisation reaction, a process occurs concurrently which leads to ion-radical forms of oxygen adsorption on magnetic particles, that is manifested in IR spectrum by an intense doublet of bands is 1080 and 1120 cm-1, as well as a transfer of proton of hydroxyl groups of the FDIP surface to a nitrogen atom of polyacrylamide, that is due to appearance of the component 401.0 eV in XPE spectrs of N1s-photoelectrons, corresponding to a NH+ group. During production of the coating of cross-linked dextran on the FDIP surface it was found a formation of complex between ions of iron locating on an outer surface of the stabilizing coating having oxygen-containing groups of the dextran coating, that is supported by a shift of absorption bands of oxygen-containing groups into a long-wave number region, as well as emergence of two new components with bond energies of 709.2 and 712.2 eV in XPE spectruum of Fe2p-photoelectrons. Directed delivery and distribution of anaesthetics (novocaine, lidocaine, trimecaine) immobilized on FDIP under the influence of an external magnetic field in body tissues of test animals have been studied. The data of emission spectral analysis relating to concentration of iron in soft and bone tissues of animals influenced by constant and alternating magnetic field on the front and rear sides over a period from 0 to 180 min are given. Processes of production of cross-linked polyacrylamide and dextran coating on the FDIP - (finely disperse iron powders) surface have been studied with the use of complex of physical and chemical methods of IR-, XPE-spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. While forming a polyacrylamide layer on the FDIP surface in photopolymerisation reaction, a process occurs concurrently which leads to ion-radical forms of oxygen adsorption on magnetic particles, that is manifested in IR spectrum by an intense doublet of bands is 1080 and 1120 cm-1, as well as a transfer of proton of hydroxyl groups of the FDIP surface to a nitrogen atom of polyacrylamide, that is due to appearance of the component 401.0 eV in XPE spectrs of N1s-photoelectrons, corresponding to a NH+ group. During production of the coating of cross-linked dextran on the FDIP surface it was found a formation of complex between ions of iron locating on an outer surface of the stabilizing coating having oxygen-containing groups of the dextran coating, that is supported by a shift of absorption bands of oxygen-containing groups into a long-wave number region, as well as emergence of two new components with bond energies of 709.2 and 712.2 eV in XPE spectruum of Fe2p-photoelectrons. Directed delivery and distribution of anaesthetics (novocaine, lidocaine, trimecaine) immobilized on FDIP under the influence of an external magnetic field in body tissues of test animals have been studied. The data of emission spectral analysis relating to concentration of iron in soft and bone tissues of animals influenced by constant and alternating magnetic field on the front and rear sides over a period from 0 to 180 min are given. Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2001-06-10 Article Article application/pdf https://surfacezbir.com.ua/index.php/surface/article/view/75 Surface; No. 4-6 (2001): Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface; 376-392 Поверхность; № 4-6 (2001): Химия, физика и технология поверхности; 376-392 Поверхня; № 4-6 (2001): Хімія, фізика та технологія поверхні; 376-392 3154-8091 3154-8083 en https://surfacezbir.com.ua/index.php/surface/article/view/75/74 Авторське право (c) 2001 O.M. Fedorenko, N.I. Shklovskaya, G.T. Kurbatova, S.T. Sokhov, I. A. Verholomova |
| spellingShingle | Fedorenko, O. M. Shklovskaya, N. I. Kurbatova, G. T. Sokhov, S. T. Verholomova, I. A. Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| title | Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| title_alt | Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| title_full | Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| title_fullStr | Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| title_short | Modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| title_sort | modification of surface of finely dispersed magnetic powders with the purpose to create medical materials |
| url | https://surfacezbir.com.ua/index.php/surface/article/view/75 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fedorenkoom modificationofsurfaceoffinelydispersedmagneticpowderswiththepurposetocreatemedicalmaterials AT shklovskayani modificationofsurfaceoffinelydispersedmagneticpowderswiththepurposetocreatemedicalmaterials AT kurbatovagt modificationofsurfaceoffinelydispersedmagneticpowderswiththepurposetocreatemedicalmaterials AT sokhovst modificationofsurfaceoffinelydispersedmagneticpowderswiththepurposetocreatemedicalmaterials AT verholomovaia modificationofsurfaceoffinelydispersedmagneticpowderswiththepurposetocreatemedicalmaterials |