Особливості гідратації композитної системи на основі метилкремнезему AM-1 і диспергованих грибів Amanita musсaria

• Дата: 2025
• Автори: Krupska, T. V., Datsiuk, A. M., Terebinska, M. I., Tellis, S. O., Vitiuk, N. V., Laguta, I. V., Wei, Qiliang, Zheng, Jinju, Yang, Weiyou, Turov, V. V.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: English
• Опубліковано: Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2025
• Теми: композитна система; метилкремнезем; мухомор червоний; низькотемпературна спектроскопія ЯМР 1Н
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.cpts.com.ua/index.php/cpts/article/view/770
• Назва журналу: Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface

Bioactive components of Amanita musсaria mushrooms are psilocybin, muscimol, muscarine and ibotenic acid, which have a long history of use in both traditional and non-traditional medicine. Natural psychoactive substances, depending on the dosage, can act as stimulants, hallucinogens or analgesics. Potentially promising products are composite systems created on the basis of highly dispersed silica and crushed natural mushroom Amanita musсaria. The aim of this work was to create a composite system in which for the hydrophobic composite AM-1/Amanita, on the one hand, a high affinity for water is preserved, and on the other hand, its clustering in the interparticle gaps of the composite and limited contact with the external environment are ensured. The state of water in the crushed biomaterial of Amanita muscaria mushrooms and its composite with methyl silica AM-1 was investigated by the method of low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. It has been shown that hydrophobic silica AM-1 can serve as a good nano-sized matrix for the preparation of composite systems with hydrophilic biogenic drugs. At the same time, it performs several functions at once: mechanically separates particles of biomaterial from each other, which prevents them from caking and becoming infected with fungal spores; transforms interfacial water into a clustered state (radius of water clusters 1–50 nm), which is characterized by excess free energy, and due to air microbubbles, does not allow rapid desorption of biologically active substances into the aqueous environment. It has been found that in the AM-1/Amanita composite systems, despite its hydrophobic properties, the energy of water binding is greater than that in the initial materials. It is shown that the magnitude of interfacial energy is controlled by the amount of strongly bound water, which depends on the average radius of water clusters and the intensity of adsorption interactions. The maximum value of the interfacial energy for water was recorded at the same concentration of ingredients in the AM-1/Amanita composite system. With a higher content of the hydrophobic component, due to the merging of nanosized water clusters, the process of formation of extended water structures begins, which is accompanied by a decrease in interfacial energy and an increase in the radii of adsorbed water clusters. The addition of chloroform is accompanied by a slight decrease in the value of interphase energy. Apparently, even under conditions of filling a significant part of the interparticle gaps with water, chloroform is able to diffuse to the surface of hydrophobic particles, reducing the interaction of water clusters with the surface and creating conditions for their unification into extended water structures.