МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА
A simple CaCu3Ti4O12 synthesis method by carbonate precipitation has been developed, which is not inferior to the known methods of precipitation from solutions. The optimum temperatures for the synthesis of powder (850 оС) and sintering of ceramics (1080 оС) have been found...
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V.I.Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
2021
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Ukrainian Chemistry Journal| _version_ | 1871465733189271552 |
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| author | Yanchevskii , Oleg V'yunov, Oleg Plutenko, Tetiana |
| author_facet | Yanchevskii , Oleg V'yunov, Oleg Plutenko, Tetiana |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Oleg Yanchevskii ",
"institution": "V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine"
},
{
"author": "Oleg V'yunov",
"institution": "V. I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry"
},
{
"author": "Tetiana Plutenko",
"institution": "V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine"
}
] |
| author_sort | Yanchevskii , Oleg |
| baseUrl_str | https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T08:23:46Z |
| description | A simple CaCu3Ti4O12 synthesis method by carbonate precipitation has been developed, which is not inferior to the known methods of precipitation from solutions. The optimum temperatures for the synthesis of powder (850 оС) and sintering of ceramics (1080 оС) have been found. The CCTO ceramic prepared has stable and fine electrical properties. In the frequency range of 1 kHz to 1 MHz, the ε’ value always is higher 104 with the dielectric losses, tan δ ~ 0.05–0.08. Such CCTO ceramic prepared by the сarbonate co-precipitation method with good electric properties should find applications in electric devices. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.33609/2708-129X.87.07.2021.47-60 |
| first_indexed | 2025-09-24T17:43:40Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
47
UDC: 549.641.1+621.315.61:66.065.2 doi: 10.33609/2708-129X.87.07.2021.47-60
CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12
O.Z. Yanchevskii, O.I. V’yunov*, T.O. Plutenko
V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
e-mail: vyunov@ionc.kiev.ua
A simple CaCu3Ti4O12 synthesis method by carbonate precipitation has been developed,
which is not inferior to the known methods of precipitation from solutions. The optimum
temperatures for the synthesis of powder (850 оС) and sintering of ceramics (1080 оС) have
been found. The CCTO ceramic prepared has stable and fine electrical properties. In the fre-
quency range of 1 kHz to 1 MHz, the ε′ value always is higher 104 with the dielectric losses,
tan δ ~ 0.05–0.08. Such CCTO ceramic prepared by the сarbonate co-precipitation method
with good electric properties should find applications in electric devices.
Keywords: calcium-copper titanate, high dielectric constant, co-precipitation, carbonate
precursor.
INTRODUCTION. In recent decades, cal
cium-copper titanate, CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) has
attracted the attention of researchers as a materi-
al with a high dielectric constant (ε′ ∼ 104–105),
low dielectric losses (tan δ ≤ 0.15), photoca
talytic and sensory activity in a wide temper-
ature range (100–600 K). These facts make it
possible to consider CCTO as a material with
a wide potential for practical application as su-
percapacitors, dielectric resonators, chemical
and photocatalytic sensors [1–5]. CCTO has
a pseudocubic ABO3 perovskite structure with
space group Im3 [6]. The Cu2+ and Ca2+ ions
are located in A sublattice of the crystal lattice,
but occupy the positions with different coordi-
nation numbers (4 for Cu2+ and 12 for Ca2+) due
to the inclination of TiO6 oxygen octahedra.
Various CCTO preparation methods with
their advantages and disadvantages are known.
The method of solid-phase reactions has been
widely used industrially [6–8]. The disadvan-
tages of this method are the contamination
during grinding, several stages of grinding, and
prolonged high-temperature heat treatments.
Wet (or soft) chemistry methods are of interest
because of greater purity, better granulometric
characteristics, higher reactivity of synthesized
powders, and as a result, significantly lower
temperatures of ceramic sintering. Among wet
methods, namely hydrothermal mehod [9, 10],
combustion synthesis techniques [11, 12], sol-
gel [13–16], and co-precipitation [17–21], the
last one is the most economical and effec-
tive method.
CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12
48 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2021
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
The characteristics of CCTO ceramics syn-
thesized by co-precipitation methods (Table 1)
show the mainly used precipitants (oxalate and
hydroxide ions); significant differences in the
conditions of heat treatment, dielectric losses,
and dielectric constants. So, the particularity
of carbonates impact on properties of such ce-
ramics has a great interest and formed the pur-
pose of these studies – to develop a method for
the synthesis of CCTO by precipitation using
carbonates.
Table 1
Heat-treatment conditions and dielectric characteristics at room temperature
for CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics sintered from powders deposited by various methods.
Precursor-
precipitant
Temperature/
duration of
synthesis,оС/h
Temperature/
duration of
sintering, оС/h
ε′
(1 kHz)
tan δ
(1 kHz)
Year and
reference
H2C2O4 900/10 1050/24 23000 0.12 2006 [17]
H2C2O4 700/- 1000/-
(spark plasma)
20000 0.20 2009 [18]
H2C2O4 950/10 1100/24 115000 0.20 2009 [19]
NaOH 850/2 1050/4 10700 0.15 2011 [20]
NH4OH 850/2 1050/2 3100 0.05 2015 [21]
EXPERIMENT AND DISCUSSION OF THE
RESULTS. Pure Cu2(OH)2CO3 and analytical
grade CaCO3, K2CO3, KOH, TiCl4, and HNO3
were used as starting reagents. The aqueous
solution of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) was
prepared. Cu2(OH)2CO3 and CaCO3 were dis-
solved in dilute HNO3 to form solutions of
Cu(NO3)2 and Ca(NO3)2, respectively. Solutions
of Ca(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2 and TiCi4 were mixed in
the stoichiometric ratio Ca : Cu : Ti = 1 : 3 : 4.
Aqueous solutions of K2CO3 and KOH were
used as precipitants. Precipitation was carried
out in a reactor with a magnetic stirrer. Solution
of precipitant and Ca2+, Cu2+, Ti4+-cations-con-
taining solutions were added at a constant rate.
The flow rate of KOH solution was controlled
to maintain pH = 10, and prevent the forma-
tion of partially soluble calcium bicarbonate.
After precipitation, the precipitate was heated
with stirring to 60–70 °C and left for 24 hours
for stabilization. The suspension was filtered,
and the precipitate was washed free of K+, Cl–,
NO3
– ions by double distilled water with an
amount of water 5 l for 0.04 mol CaCu3Ti4O12.
The content of K+ ions in the washed water was
controlled by a photoelectric flame photometer
and did not exceed 1∙10‑5 g/l. The precipitate
was a green paste of the general composition
CaCO3∙1.5Cu2(OH)2CO3∙4Ti(OH)4∙nH2O. This
paste was dried at 110 °C to form a dispersed
powder. Powder of CCTO precursor was syn-
thesized at 750–900 °С for 4 h. The synthesized
powders were ground in an agate mortar with
a pestle, mixed with a 5 % aqueous solution
of polyvinyl alcohol and passed through a 150
mesh nylon sieve. Disc-shaped specimens with
a diameter of 8.5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm
were pressed under a pressure of 120 MPa.
O.Z. Yanchevskii, O.I. V’yunov, T.O. Plutenko
49https://ucj.org.ua
UCJ № 7 / Vol. 87
Ceramics were sintered at 1080–1100 °C for
10 h. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the
process for CCTO fabrication. The phase com-
position of the products was determined by
X-ray diffractometry (XRD) on a DRON-4-07
diffractometer (40 kV, 20 mA) using CuKα
radiation and Ni filter. Certified standards,
NIST SRM640e-SiO2 (2Θ standard) and
NIST SRM1976-Al2O3 (intensity standard)
were used. The relative X-ray impulse count-
ing error did not exceed 0.5 %. The unit cell
parameters of the samples were determined
using FullProf software by the whole-pattern
profile-matching Le Bail procedure [22]. The
crystallite sizes of etched ceramic samples
were studied using a scanning electron micro
scope JEM 10CX II (JEOL). The average grain
diameters were measured by at least 50 grains
from 3 different areas using ImageJ software
[23]. The density of ceramics was determined
by Archimedes principle. To deposit the sil-
ver electrodes on polished ceramic samples,
Ag‑containing paste was burned at 600 °C for
0.5 h. The complex impedance of the samples
with a diameter of 7.3 mm and a thickness of
1.6 mm was investigated using a 1260 Impe
dance/Gain-Phase Analyzer (SolartronAna-
lytical). The measurements were carried out in
a dry atmosphere to avoid the contribution of
water vapour [30]. The equivalent circuit and
the value of its components were determined
using the ZView® software (Scribner Associ-
ates Inc., USA). Measurement error for ε and
tan δ in the frequency range 103–105 Hz does
not exceed 2 %.
Fig. 2 shows the diffraction patterns of the
precipitated CCTO precursor after drying at
100 °C and after heat treatment at 750–1100 °C.
Fig. 1. The process of CCTO preparation.
CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12
50 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2021
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Fig. 2 shows that in the precipitate dried at
100 °C, copper and titanium compounds are
in an X-ray amorphous state and only weak
reflections of CaCO3 (ICDD PDF-2, card
№ 76–0606) are observed. At 750 °C, perovskite
phase, CaCu3Ti4O12 becomes the dominant
phase (№ 75–2188), and a trace amount of in-
termediate phases CaTiO3 (№ 78–1013), CuO
(№ 89–5899) and TiO2 (№ 21–1276) are ob-
served. At 1100 °C, single-phase CCTO ceram-
ics were sintered: all diffraction reflections in-
dexed in Im3m space group with the parame
ter of the cubic unit cell a = 7.3939(1) Å; unit
cell volume V = 404.23(1) Å3 was determined.
To determine the optimal mode of heat
treatment, the temperatures of powder syn-
thesis and CCTO ceramic sintering were var-
ied (Table 2). Table 2 shows that the relative
density of ceramics depends on the synthesis
temperature. The sample 800/1080 synthesized
at 800 °C and sintered at 1080 °C has the maxi
mum density (93%). The decrease in ceramic
density with an increase in synthesis tempe
ratures can be explained by the loss of powder
activity and the improvement of the particles
crystal lattice.
Fig. 2. Powder diffraction patterns of CCTO precursor dried at 100 °C (1) and synthesized at tem-
peratures of 750 (2), 800 (3), 850 °C (4) and CCTO ceramic sintered at 1100 °C (5). Second phases:
* = CaCu3Ti4O12, z = CaCO3, r = TiO2, t = CaTiO3, # = CuO.
Table 2
Influence of temperature regime on the density of polycrystalline CCTO samples.
Sample
designation
Synthesis,
оС/h
Sintering,
оС/h
Apparent density,
g/cm3
Relative
density, %
750/1080 750/4 1080/10 4.46(3) 88(3)
800/1080 800/4 1080/10 4.71(8) 93(2)
850/1080 850/4 1080/10 4.43(8) 89(2)
900/1080 900/4 1080/10 4.30(5) 85(3)
800/1100 800/4 1100/10 4.62(8) 91(2)
900/1100 900/4 1100/10 4.15(9) 82(2)
O.Z. Yanchevskii, O.I. V’yunov, T.O. Plutenko
51https://ucj.org.ua
UCJ № 7 / Vol. 87
SEM microstructure of ceramic samples
800/1080, 900/1080, 800/1100, and 900/1100
are shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 shows that the
smallest grains (5 ± 3 μm) occur at the synthe-
sis temperature of 800 оС. With an increase in
the synthesis temperature to 900 С, the grain
size increases to 7 ± 3 μm. Large grains have
a smaller surface area, closed porosity remains
at the sintering stage, which leads to a decrease
in the apparent density of polycrystalline sam-
ples. Thus, the optimal synthesis and sintering
temperatures of the CCTO ceramics should
not exceed 850 and 1080 оС, respectively.
Fig. 3. SEM microstructure of the CCTO ceramics at different synthesis and sintering temperatures,
оС: 800/1080 (a); 800/1100 (b); 900/1080 (c); 900/1100 (d).
CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12
52 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2021
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
a b
Fig. 4. a – Complex impedance diagrams at room temperature and an equivalent circuit (insert) for
СaСu3Тi4О12 ceramic sample 850/1080 оС. R and CPE are resistance and constant phase element. Sub-
scripts indicate grain (G), grain boundary (GB) and the interface between sample and electrode (SE).
b – Capacity and resistance of grain boundary (1, 1’) and sample/electrode interface (2, 2’) depending
on synthesis temperature.
CCTO ceramics are electrically heterogene-
ous with low grain and high grain boundary re-
sistance [24, 25]. Fig. 4a shows a room-tempe
rature complex impedance diagram of CCTO
ceramic synthesized at 850 оС and sintered
1080 оС. As can be seen from Fig. 4a, the de-
pendence Z" = f (Z') is described by two sem-
icircles, that indicates the presence of two re-
laxation mechanism in the structure. These two
mechanisms are also observed on the depen
dencies ε′(f) and tan δ(f) (Fig. 5). The equivalent
circuit for the complex impedance of CCTO
ceramics (Fig. 4a, insert) is composed of RG
(resistance of grain), RGB and CPEGB (resistance
and constant phase element of grain boundary),
RSE and CPESE (resistance and constant phase
element of interface between sample and elec-
trode) [26, 27]. As can be seen in Fig. 4b, with
an increase in the synthesis temperature, the
grain boundary resistance and the sample-elec-
trode resistance of the samples almost does
not change, while the capacitance at the grain
boundary and the sample-electrode area passes
through a maximum. The maximum value of
capacity is observed for the sample synthesized
at 850 оС and sintered 1080 оС.
Fig. 5 shows the results of frequency measu
rements ε′ (f) and tan δ (f) at room temperature
of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics prepared by depo
sition methods in this work and the works of
other authors. As can be seen from Fig. 5a, the
ε′ (f) dependence of synthesized in this work
ceramic (curve 1) demonstrates a decrease
with frequency and is 11400 at 1 kHz. The sam-
ple synthesized in this work is characterized by
a low dielectric loss tangent (tan δ ≤ 0.2) in
a frequency range 103–105 Hz and a high di-
electric constant ε > 104 in a wide frequency
O.Z. Yanchevskii, O.I. V’yunov, T.O. Plutenko
53https://ucj.org.ua
UCJ № 7 / Vol. 87
range 102–106 Hz. These characteristics agreed
well with the data of Ref. [20] (curve 4), exceed
values shown in Ref. [21] (curve 5) and low-
er than that showed in Refs [17, 18] (curves 2
and 3). In a frequency range of 0.1–100 kHz,
CCTO ceramics with the lowest dielectric loss-
es, tan δ ~ 0.05–0.08, are demonstrated the low-
est dielectric constant, 2500–3000 (curve 5).
At frequencies above 10 kHz, the dielectric
loss of the investigated ceramic (tan δ ~ 0.11
÷ 0.14) exceeds the analogous (curves 2 and
4) and becomes close to the data in curves 3
and 5. Above 1 MHz, dielectric losses increase
sharply.
Fig. 5. Frequency dependences of ε′ (a) and tan δ (b) of CCTO ceramics at room temperature: this
work, synthesized at 850 оС and sintered 1080 оС (1) and Refs [17] (2), [18] (3), [20] (4), [21] (5).
Dielectric parameters obtained are charac-
teristic of the CCTO prepared by deposition
methods (Table 1) and are mainly explained
by the small size of the ceramics grains and
consequently a larger number of interfaces
between grains [15, 28]. Namely, according to
the model of internal barrier layer capacitor
(IBLC) structure, the effective dielectric con-
stant (εeff) can be estimated by the following
equation [29]:
εeff = εgb(dg + dgb) / dgb
whereεgb is the dielectric constant of the grain
boundary, dg is the average grain size, and dgb is
the thickness of the grain boundary layer. This
equation shows that the value of εeff is deter-
mined by the ratio of (dg + dgb) / dgb. Therefore,
the increase in grain size and the thickness of
the grain boundary layer increases the εeff value
of CCTO ceramics.
CONCLUSIONS. Сarbonate precursor can
be successfully used to synthesize CaCu3Ti4O12
powders by precipitation from solutions. The
sample synthesized at 800 °C and sintered at
1080 °C for 10 h has the maximum density
(93%). The smallest grains (5 ± 3 μm) occur
at the synthesis temperature of 800 °C and in-
creases to 7 ± 3 μm at 900 °C. The optimal syn-
thesis and sintering temperatures of the CCTO
ceramics should not exceed 850 and 1080 оС,
CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12
54 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2021
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
respectively. The complex impedance diagrams
of CCTO ceramic indicate the presence of two
relaxation mechanisms in the structure. These
two mechanisms appear due to the difference
in electrical properties of grain boundaries
and interfaces between ceramic sample and
electrode. With an increase in the synthesis
temperature, the resistances of grain bounda-
ries and the sample-electrode interfaces almost
do not change, while their capacitances pass
through a maximum. The maximum value of
capacity is observed for the sample synthesized
at 850 оС and sintered 1080 оС. The sample
synthesized is characterized by a low dielectric
loss (tan δ ≤ 0.2) and a high dielectric constant
(ε′ > 104) in a frequency range of 1–100 kHz.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. The work
was supported by the Research pro-
gram of the Ukrainian National Aca
demy of Sciences “New functional
substances and materials for chemical
production” (Fine Chemicals), project
№ 0119U101351.
МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБО-
НАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА
О. З. Янчевський, О. І. В’юнов *,
Т. О. Плутенко
Інститут загальної та неорганічної хімії
імені В. І. Вернадського НАН України, просп.
Академіка Палладіна, 32/34, Київ 03142,
Україна
e-mail: vyunov@ionc.kiev.ua
Титанат кальцію-міді CaCu3Ti4O12
(CCTO) має значний потенціал практично-
го застосування для створення суперкон-
денсаторів, резонаторів, хімічних і фотока-
талітичних сенсорів. Співосадження є од-
ним із найбільш економічних і доступних
методів «вологої хімії» отримання ССТО,
який забезпечує високу чистоту, диспер-
сність і зниження як температур синтезу
порошку, так і спікання кераміки. Для от-
римання ССТО методом співосадження як
вихідні використовували Сu(OH)2∙СuCO3,
CaCO3, K2CO3, KOH, TiCl4 і HNO3. Після
розчинення (СuOH)2CO3, CaCO3 в HNO3
розчини Ca(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2 і розчин TiCl4
змішували в стехіометричному співвідно-
шенні Са:Cu:Ti = 1:3:4. Осадження прово-
дили за постійного рН = 10 з одночасною
подачею при перемішуванні в реактор
нітратно-хлоридного розчину і розчинів
осаджувачів – K2CO3 і KOH. Осад зеленого
кольору, що відповідає загальній формулі
CaCO3∙Сu(OH)2∙СuCO3∙4Ti(OH)4∙nH2O,
ретельно промивали, сушили і синтезува-
ли за 750–900 °С упродовж 4 год. За 750 °С
домінуючою фазою була СaСu3Тi4О12 із
мінімальною кількістю проміжних фаз
CaTiO3, CuO і TiO2. Спечена за 1060–
1100 °C / 10 год. кераміка ССТО була одно-
фазною (пр. гр. Im3m). Відносна щільність
кераміки суттєво залежала від температу-
ри синтезу. Максимальну щільність (93%)
продемонстрував зразок, синтезований за
800 °С і спечений за 1080 °С. При цьому ке-
раміка мала дрібні (5 ± 3 мкм) зерна. При
підвищенні температури синтезу до 900 °С
розмір зерен збільшується до 7 ± 3 мкм, а
уявна густина кераміки знижується до 87 %
відповідно. Залежність комплексного імпе-
дансу Z" = f (Z') отриманої кераміки ССТО
O.Z. Yanchevskii, O.I. V’yunov, T.O. Plutenko
55https://ucj.org.ua
UCJ № 7 / Vol. 87
можна описати двома напівколами, що вка-
зує на наявність у структурі двох релакса-
ційних механізмів. Дослідження залежнос-
тей ε′ (f) і tan δ (f) за кімнатної температу-
ри показало, що ε′ знижується з частотою
(11380 за 1 кГц та 8050 за 100 кГц), а tan δ
становить 0,11–0,14 за частот f ≥ 10 кГц;
із підвищенням частоти до 1 MHz діелек-
тричні втрати різко зростають. Отримані
діелектричні параметри є характерними
для ССТО кераміки, отриманої методами
осадження і пояснюються, в першу чергу,
малими розмірами її зерен і великою кіль-
кістю границь розділу зерен.
Ключові слова: титанат кальцію-міді,
висока діелектрична проникність, спільне
осадження, карбонатний попередник.
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derived CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics: synthesis,
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Cu3Ti4O12 based multiphased ceramics.
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org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.01.055.
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Shi J., Xiong R., Low temperature fab-
rication of the giant dielectric material
CaCu3Ti4O12 by oxalate coprecipitation
method. Materials Chemistry and Phy
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org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.08.037.
19. Barbier B., Combettes C., Guillemet-
Fritsch S., Chartier T., Rossignol F., Ru-
meau A., Lebey T., Dutarde E., CaCu3Ti4O12
ceramics from co-precipitation method:
Dielectric properties of pellets and thick
films. Journal of the European Ceramic So-
ciety. 2009. 29 (4): 731–735. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2008.07.042.
20. Lu J., Wang D., Zhao C., CaCu3Ti4O12 ce-
ramics from basic co-precipitation (BCP)
method: Fabrication and properties. Jour-
nal of Alloys and Compounds. 2011. 509
(6): 3103–3107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jallcom.2010.12.010.
21. Thomazini D., Gelfuso M. V., Volpi G. M.
S., Eiras J. A., Conventional and Micro-
wave‐Assisted Sintering of CaCu3Ti4O12
Ceramics Obtained from Coprecipitated
Powders. International Journal of Applied
Ceramic Technology. 2015. 12: E73–E81.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.12235.
22. Le Bail A., Whole powder pattern de-
composition methods and applica-
tions: A retrospection. Powder Diffrac-
tion. 2005. 20 (4): 316–326. https://doi.
org/10.1154/1.2135315.
23. AENOR, ISO 13383-1:2016 Fine ceramics
(advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) - Microstructural characteriza-
tion - Part 1: Determination of grain size
and size distribution (ISO 13383-1:2012).
International Organization for Standardi-
zation: Geneva, Switzerland, 2016. p 29.
24. He L., Neaton J. B., Cohen M. H., Van-
derbilt D., Homes C. C., First-principles
study of the structure and lattice dielec-
tric response of CaCu3Ti4O12. Physical Re-
view B. 2002. 65 (21): 214112. https://doi.
org/10.1103/PhysRevB.65.214112.
25. Lunkenheimer P., Fichtl R., Ebbinghaus S.
G., Loidl A., Nonintrinsic origin of the co-
lossal dielectric constants in CaCu3Ti4O12.
Physical Review B. 2004. 70 (17):
172102. https://doi.org/10.1103/Phys-
RevB.70.172102.
26. Pershina K. D., Kazdobin K. A., Imped-
ance spectroscopy of electrolytic materials.
Education of Ukraine: Kyiv, 2012; p 223.
ISBN 978-966-188-321-4.
CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12
60 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2021
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
27. Lunkenheimer P., Krohns S., Riegg S., Ebb-
inghaus S. G., Reller A., Loidl A., Colossal
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doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2010-01212-5.
28. Brizé V., Gruener G., Wolfman J., Faty-
eyeva K., Tabellout M., Gervais M., Ger-
vais F., Grain size effects on the dielectric
constant of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. Materi-
als Science and Engineering: B. 2006. 129
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mseb.2006.01.004.
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tering conditions on the dielectric prop-
erties of CaCu3Ti4O12 and La2/3Cu3Ti4O12
ceramics: A comparative study. Physi-
ca B: Condensed Matter. 2006. 382 (1–2):
312–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.
2006.03.005.
30. Pershina, E.D., Karpushin, N.A. & Kaz
dobin, K.A. Aluminosilicate conductivity
at the presence of water. Surf. Engin. Appl.
Electrochem. 46, 339–347 (2010). https://
doi.org/10.3103/S1068375510040083.
Стаття надійшла 01.07.2021.
|
| id | oai:ojs2.1444248.nisspano.web.hosting-test.net:article-332 |
| institution | Ukrainian Chemistry Journal |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:06:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | V.I.Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | ucjorgua/73/e559e856cc2bf1ecac2fe12c8e972573.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.1444248.nisspano.web.hosting-test.net:article-3322026-07-22T08:23:46Z CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12 МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА Yanchevskii , Oleg V'yunov, Oleg Plutenko, Tetiana calcium-copper titanate, high dielectric constant, co-precipitation, carbonate precursor. A simple CaCu3Ti4O12 synthesis method by carbonate precipitation has been developed, which is not inferior to the known methods of precipitation from solutions. The optimum temperatures for the synthesis of powder (850 оС) and sintering of ceramics (1080 оС) have been found. The CCTO ceramic prepared has stable and fine electrical properties. In the frequency range of 1 kHz to 1 MHz, the ε’ value always is higher 104 with the dielectric losses, tan δ ~ 0.05–0.08. Such CCTO ceramic prepared by the сarbonate co-precipitation method with good electric properties should find applications in electric devices. V.I.Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry 2021-08-26 Article Article Inorganic Chemistry Неорганическая химия Неорганічна хімія application/pdf https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/332 10.33609/2708-129X.87.07.2021.47-60 Ukrainian Chemistry Journal; Vol. 87 No. 7 (2021): Ukrainian Chemistry Journal; 47-60 Украинский химический журнал; ##issue.vol## 87 ##issue.no## 7 (2021): Ukrainian Chemistry Journal; 47-60 Український хімічний журнал; Том 87 № 7 (2021): Український хімічний журнал; 47-60 2708-129X 2708-1281 en https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/332/179 Copyright (c) 2021 Oleg Yanchevskii , Oleg V'yunov, Tetiana Plutenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Yanchevskii , Oleg V'yunov, Oleg Plutenko, Tetiana МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА |
| title | МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА |
| title_alt | CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12 |
| title_full | МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА |
| title_fullStr | МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА |
| title_full_unstemmed | МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА |
| title_short | МЕТОД ОТРИМАННЯ CaCu3Ti4O12 ІЗ КАРБОНАТНОГО ПРЕКУРСОРА |
| title_sort | метод отримання cacu3ti4o12 із карбонатного прекурсора |
| topic_facet | calcium-copper titanate high dielectric constant co-precipitation carbonate precursor. |
| url | https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/332 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanchevskiioleg carbonateprecursorrouteforpreparationofcacu3ti4o12 AT vyunovoleg carbonateprecursorrouteforpreparationofcacu3ti4o12 AT plutenkotetiana carbonateprecursorrouteforpreparationofcacu3ti4o12 AT yanchevskiioleg metodotrimannâcacu3ti4o12ízkarbonatnogoprekursora AT vyunovoleg metodotrimannâcacu3ti4o12ízkarbonatnogoprekursora AT plutenkotetiana metodotrimannâcacu3ti4o12ízkarbonatnogoprekursora |