OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES
The work presents a comprehensive selection of conditions for the synthesis of nanosized Copper particles in an aqueous oxidizing environment using a biocompatible amino acid – L-Сysteine as a stabilizer, a reducing agent – sodium tetraborate, and the application of the method of mathematical experi...
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| Date: | 2025 |
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| Language: | English |
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V.I.Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
2025
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Ukrainian Chemistry Journal| _version_ | 1871466179835461632 |
|---|---|
| author | Krupko, Olena |
| author_facet | Krupko, Olena |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Olena Krupko",
"institution": "Буковинський державний медичний університет"
}
] |
| author_sort | Krupko, Olena |
| baseUrl_str | https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T08:23:56Z |
| description | The work presents a comprehensive selection of conditions for the synthesis of nanosized Copper particles in an aqueous oxidizing environment using a biocompatible amino acid – L-Сysteine as a stabilizer, a reducing agent – sodium tetraborate, and the application of the method of mathematical experimental planning the Scheffe method.
The use of the mathematical planning method made it possible to predict the additive effect of the ratio between precursors in the studied medium on the value of the optical absorption edge of the obtained colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles, their stability over time and the effect on test cultures of microorganisms P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.
The ratio between the starting reagents that lead to the formation of stable colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles at pH=6 and temperature of 20°C in an oxidizing reaction medium has been established.
A mathematical model was constructed in the form of a projection onto the plane of an equilateral triangle of the dependence of the value of the optical absorption edge of colloidal solutions of metallic copper nanoparticles on the ratio between the precursors. A mathematical equation was obtained – a fourth-degree polynomial that describes the dependence of the value of the optical absorption edge of colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles on the ratio between three independent variables – crystal-forming components of time-stable particles in the reaction medium.
The antibacterial activities of a series of test solutions were investigated by the micromethod of serial dilutions in accordance with the procedures of the European Committee for Susceptibility Testing against reference strains of bacteria (P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.). Using the Scheffe mathematical model, the concentration regions and ratios between the components of the studied system were determined, which had the highest impact on the action of test cultures of microorganisms. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.33609/2708-129X.91.10.2025.16-26 |
| first_indexed | 2026-03-12T15:49:41Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
16 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2025
UDС: 546.56-168-022.51.057:544.164 doi: 10.33609/2708-129X.91.10.2025.16-26
OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE
COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES.
Krupko Olena
Bukovyna State Medical University,
Chernivtsi, 2 Teatralna Square, 58002 Ukraine,
e-mail: krupkoo@ukr.net
The work presents a comprehensive selection of conditions for the synthesis of nanosized
Copper particles in an aqueous oxidizing environment using a biocompatible amino acid –
L-Сysteine as a stabilizer, a reducing agent – sodium tetraborate, and the application of the
method of mathematical experimental planning the Scheffe method.
The use of the mathematical planning method made it possible to predict the additive
effect of the ratio between precursors in the studied medium on the value of the optical
absorption edge of the obtained colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles, their stability over
time and the effect on test cultures of microorganisms P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.
The ratio between the starting reagents that lead to the formation of stable colloidal solu-
tions of copper nanoparticles at pH=6 and temperature of 20°C in an oxidizing reaction me-
dium has been established.
A mathematical model was constructed in the form of a projection onto the plane of an
equilateral triangle of the dependence of the value of the optical absorption edge of colloidal
solutions of metallic copper nanoparticles on the ratio between the precursors. A mathemati-
cal equation was obtained – a fourth-degree polynomial that describes the dependence of the
value of the optical absorption edge of colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles on the ratio
between three independent variables – crystal-forming components of time-stable particles
in the reaction medium.
The antibacterial activities of a series of test solutions were investigated by the microme
thod of serial dilutions in accordance with the procedures of the European Committee for
Susceptibility Testing against reference strains of bacteria (P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.sub-
tilitis.). Using the Scheffe mathematical model, the concentration regions and ratios between
the components of the studied system were determined, which had the highest impact on the
action of test cultures of microorganisms.
Keywords: nanoparticles, optical indicators, copper, microorganisms P.aeruginosa,
C.albicans, B.subtilitis.
17https://ucj.org.ua
Krupko Olena UCJ № 10 / Vol. 91
INTRODUCTION. Active scientific deve
lopment of research in the field of nanomate-
rials, which is aimed at obtaining and applying
nanoparticles (NPs) as new materials in va
rious fields of science, began in the twentieth
century. In most countries of the world, inten-
sive research and implementation of nanotech-
nology results into practical activities are being
carried out. The synthesis, research and appli-
cation of nanoscale materials are the subject of
study of several interdisciplinary fields of sci-
ence at once. In particular, one of the results of
such complex research and cooperation is the
implementation of nanotechnology in medi-
cine and pharmacy.
The use of NPs in medicine and pharmacy is
a very promising direction of modern science.
A special place among the studied NPs in the
field of medicine and pharmacy is occupied
by metal nanoparticles (Ag, Au, Pt, Cu, etc.),
which are used as antimicrobial, bactericidal
and antitumor drugs [1–9]. Recently, quite
intensively, researchers have been working on
studying the effectiveness of the action of na-
noparticles (NPs) on pathogens of infectious
and inflammatory processes of various loca
lization and, accordingly, the search and crea-
tion of highly effective antimicrobial drugs of a
wide spectrum of action.
Copper NPs are especially promising and
economically advantageous (in comparison
with silver NPs) for these purposes [9–11].
Researchers are particularly interested in
studying the synthesis conditions (the influ-
ence of different copper salts, different reduc-
ing agents, synthesis temperature) of stable
copper nanoparticles and their effect on anti-
bacterial and antifungal properties [12–13].
Attention is also paid to the study of copper
NPs obtained using biocompatible reagents
and non-toxic reaction by-products, which ex-
hibit lower environmental risks for living or-
ganisms [14–15].
In the work [16], a detailed analysis of the
synthesis methods of copper nanoparticles,
the study and comparison of their antibacte-
rial properties, toxicity and prospects for their
application with other metal particles, was
carried out. It is important to note that Cop-
per NPs exhibit antimicrobial activity against
gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in-
cluding Bacillus subtilis. This work presents
cases of better bactericidal properties of cop-
per nanoparticles compared to silver nanopar-
ticles. Also described are studies in which cop-
per NPs are used as a fungicide against a wide
range of plant fungi.
Studies of the antimicrobial and fungicidal
properties of copper NP substances on clinical
isolates of pathogens of infectious and inflam-
matory processes: bacteria S.aureus, E.coli,
Proteus mirabilis, K.pneumoniae, Enterobac-
ter aerogenes, P.aeruginosa and fungi of the
genus Candida, namely, C.albicans, Candida
non-albicans and other micromicelles showed
that the copper nanoparticle substance used in
the work has pronounced antimicrobial and
fungicidal activity against all pathogenic test
cultures and against the effect on clinical iso-
lates of pathogens of infectious and inflamma-
tory processes of various locations [17].
The mechanisms of antimicrobial and anti-
fungal action of copper NPs have not been ful-
ly studied, however, these processes are based
on damage and destruction of the correspond-
ing bacterial and fungal cells.
One of the important characteristics of col-
loidal solutions of Cu NPs is the stability of
particles over time [1, 9–11], especially in a
potentially oxidizing environment and without
18 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2025
OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES.INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
deaeration of the initial solutions. Cuprum
nanoparticles are of great interest to scientists,
despite the increased instability of copper to
oxidation with the formation of copper oxide,
the possibility of the formation of its complex
compounds in aqueous solutions, toxic start-
ing reagents and synthesis products, in order
to find conditions for the synthesis of copper
nanoparticles that are stable over time and that
will exhibit antimicrobial and antifungal pro
perties.
Purpose of the work: selection of conditions
for the synthesis of colloidal solutions of cop-
per nanoparticles stabilized by the biocompa
tible amino acid L-Cysteine in an oxidizing en-
vironment at a synthesis temperature of 200C.
Study of the effect of Cu NPs on test cultures
of microorganisms P.aeruginosa, C.albicans,
B.subtilitis.
EXPERIMENT AND DISCUSSION OF
RESULTS. Colloidal solutions of copper na-
noparticles were obtained in aqueous solu-
tion without prior deaeration of the starting
solutions, using the following components:
Cu(CH3COO)2∙H2O, sodium tetrahydroborate
NaBH4 and as a stabilizer a solution of amino
acid – L-Сysteine HO2CCH(NH2)CH2SH, (all
purchased from Sigma Aldrich) were used for
synthesis without changes. The synthesis was
carried out observing the value of hydrogen
index 6.0.
The order of introduction of the compo-
nents was carried out according to the follow-
ing scheme:
Cu(CH3COO)2 + CH2(SH)CH(NH2)COOH →
→
+ NaBH4 →
→
The reliability of the formation of copper
nanoparticles was recorded using optical ab-
sorption spectra of colloidal solutions (appea
rance of surface plasmon resonance bands of
copper nanoparticles at 470–520 nm in the
absorption spectra of colloidal solutions and
the absence of bands of the copper complex
with cysteine and cuprous oxide in the region
of 620–800 nm) [18]. The study of the optical
properties of the solutions was carried out at
a temperature of 298±5 K using spectrophoto
meters MDR-4 and USB-650 (Ocean Optics).
The optical density of the solutions was mea
sured within the range of 0.01–2 with increas-
ing wavelength in the range of 350–1000 nm.
The absorption of NP solutions was studied
in quartz and polystyrene cuvettes 1 cm thick,
using a stabilizer solution – L-Cysteine for
comparison.
The study of antibacterial activity was car-
ried out by the micromethod of serial dilutions
in accordance with the procedures of the Euro
pean Committee on Antimicrobial Suscepti-
bility Testing (EUCAST) (Janowska, Andrzej
czuk, Gawryś Wujec, 2023). The minimum
bacteriostatic (fungistatic) and bactericidal
(fungicidal) concentrations of the tested solu-
tions were determined in relation to reference
strains of bacteria (P.aeruginosa, C.albicans,
B.subtilitis.). A solution of the amino acid
L-Cysteine was taken as a negative control.
19https://ucj.org.ua
Krupko Olena UCJ № 10 / Vol. 91
Analysis of the literature devoted to the
study of the synthesis conditions of Cu NPs
showed that some researchers are making
attempts to generalize the influence of the ratio
between the components on the properties of
the synthesized particles. Unfortunately, it is
impossible to predict the properties of nano
particles and their stability over time as a func-
tion of the composition in a wide range of con-
centrations of crystal-forming components of
the solution.
In the practical and scientific research ac-
tivities of a researcher in the field of pharmacy,
medicine or chemistry, the results of research
and analysis require the maximum number of
effective responses with the performance of
the minimum number of experimental studies.
That is why, in order to obtain an overall pic-
ture of the additive effect of concentrations on
the properties of the obtained nanoparticles,
the work used the method of mathematical
experimental design – the method of simplex
Scheffé lattices, which has already been used to
characterize nanoscale materials [19].
To optimize the composition of the three-
component system by the Scheffe method,
a fourth-degree polynomial can be used.
The range of investigated concentrations
of initial solutions with compositions corres
ponding to the graphic representation in the
area of the equilateral triangle ABC (Fig. 1, a)
was selected on the basis of experimental data
on the synthesis of colloidal solutions of Cu
metal nanoparticles given in the literature
[1, 9–10]. Fig. 1, b shows the results of an ex-
perimental study of the stability of colloidal
solutions of copper nanoparticles.
a b
Fig. 1. a – Graphical representation of the studied region of the composition
of the Cu2+– L-Cys-NaBH4 system during the mathematical planning of the experiment;
b – graphical representation of the region of compositions of Cu NP solutions that remain stable
during the studied time (120 days) (shaded area – unstable solutions, precipitation is observed).
1∙10-3M
L-Cys
Cu2+
1∙10-3M
NaBH4
1∙10-2M
C
A B
C
A B
The coded compositions of the studied solu-
tions, the ratio between the precursors of the stu
died system and the result of the action of metallic
copper nanoparticles on test cultures of micro
organisms are given in Table 1.
20 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2025
OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES.INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Table 1.
Experimental planning matrix for obtaining a fourth-degree model in the Cu2+ – L-Cys –
NaBH4 system and the results of the study of Cu NPs on the example of test cultures
of microorganisms P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilis by serial dilution method.
№
Coded scale
Relationship
between
components
Test cultures of microorganisms
А С В Сu2+/L-Cys/NaBH4
P.aeruginosa B.subtilis C.albicans
MBsC MBcC MBsC MBcC MFsC MFcC
1 1,00 0 0 1:4,5:2,27 1:4 1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
2 0,75 0,25 0 1:6,57:2,63 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2
3 0,50 0,50 0 1:9,37:3,125 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2
4 0,25 0,75 0 1:13,46:3,846 1:2 >1:2 1:4 1:2 >1:2 >1:2
5 0 1,00 0 1:20:5 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2
6 0 0,75 0,25 1:17,5:6,75 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2
7 0 0,50 0,50 1:15:8,5 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:4 1:2
8 0 0,25 0,75 1:12,5:10,25 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2
9 0 0 1,00 1:10:12 1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:4 1:2
10 0,25 0 0,75 1:7,69:7,88 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2
11 0,50 0 0,50 1:6,25:5,31 1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
12 0,75 0 0,25 1:5,26:3,59 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
13 0,50 0,25 0,25 1:7,81:4,218 1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:4 1:4
14 0,25 0,50 0,25 1:9,615:6,538 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
15 0,25 0,25 0,50 1:11,538:5,192 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
Cu2+ – – – 1∙10-3 моль/л 1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
L-Cys – – – 5∙10-2 моль/л 1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
NaBH4 – – – 3∙10-2 моль/л 1:2 >1:2 >1:2 >1:2 1:2 >1:2
Minimum bacteriostatic concentration (MBsC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBcC), mini-
mum fungistatic concentration (MFsC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFcC).
Observations over time (120 days) of chan
ges in optical parameters (surface plasmon
resonance bands) of colloidal solutions of cop-
per nanoparticles (Fig. 2, using the example
of solution № 2) made it possible to limit and
identify areas for further research.
21https://ucj.org.ua
Krupko Olena UCJ № 10 / Vol. 91
Fig. 2. Optical absorption spectra of colloidal
solutions of metallic copper nanoparticles (№ 2)
over time: 1 – 1 day; 2 – 10 days; 3 – 20 days after
the synthesis of nanoparticles.
The optical indices of solutions № 3–5, 10,
11, 14 remain stable during the studied time,
which makes it possible to determine the re-
gion of stable colloidal solutions of Cu nano
particles within the studied concentration
range of precursor solutions.
The optical absorption spectra for solutions
№ 6–9 are characterized by a shift of the optical
absorption edge to the long-wavelength region
and a decrease in the absorption maximum of
solutions with partial coagulation of particles
(first, turbidity appears with subsequent for-
mation of a precipitate).
In solutions № 1, 2, 12, 13, 15, a blue pre-
cipitate appeared, which indicates an excessive
concentration of cuprum ions in the studied
medium and a lack of sodium tetrahydro
borate content for the reduction of Cu2+ ions
to Cu0 particles.
The change in optical properties over time
is shown using the example of solution № 1
(Fig. 3). Thus, during the studied time from
1 minute after synthesis to 60 minutes, a clear
coagulation of particles is already observed, a
precipitate appears, and the spectral curve be-
comes more deformed, the absorption intensi-
ty decreases.
Fig. 3. Optical absorption spectra of a colloidal
solution of metallic copper nanoparticles of
composition №. 1 in time: 1–1 min, 2–15 min,
3–20 min, 4–30 min, 5–40 min, 6–50 min, 7–60 min
after synthesis.
Coagulation for other solutions, for examp
le solution № 2, does not occur as quickly as
for solution №1, and begins to be observed on
the second day after synthesis. The reason for
this difference between solutions № 1 and № 2
can be explained by the ratio of components in
the reaction medium. Under the condition of
a lack of reducing agent and a large amount of
L-Сysteine, the formation of not only Cu NPs,
but also Cu2+/L-Сys chelate complexes occurs,
which are actually the centers of precipitate for-
mation. The formation of such complex com-
pounds is also facilitated by an excess of cop-
per ions in the reaction medium and the fact
22 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2025
OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES.INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
that L-Сysteine has three functional groups –
amino – NH2, sulfhydryl – SH and carboxyl –
COOH (sulfhydryl and carboxyl groups can
interact with metal ions) [13]. Spectral curves
for solutions № 1–4 (solutions with a lack of
reducing agent), taken on the next day after
synthesis, are shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 4. Optical absorption spectra of colloidal
solutions of metallic copper nanoparticles № 1–5
24 h after synthesis.
The generalized influence of the ratio be-
tween the components Cu2+-L-Cys-NaBH4 in
the reaction medium on the optical properties
of Cu/L-Сys solutions is shown in Figure 5. This
is a projection onto the plane of the change
in the optical absorption edge for a series of
15 solutions (solution composition according
to Table 1.) from the ratio between all com-
ponents of the studied system. The equation
describing this dependence has the following
form:
y = 565 x1 + 565 x2 + 572 x3 +20 x1x2 + 16 x1x3 +
+ 40 x2x3 + 101,3 x1x2(x1 – x2) + 37,3 x1x3(x1 – x3) –
– 26,7 x2x3(x2 – x3) + 37,3 (x1 – x2)
2x1x2 –
– 64 (x1 – x3)
2x1x3 – 117,3 (x2 – x3)
2x2x3 +
+ 896 x1
2x2x3 – 992 x1x2
2x3 + 272 x1x2x3
2,
where y is the optical absorption edge, x1, x2
and x3 are new independent variables that are
a linear combination of the basic variables Х1,
Х2 and Х3 (the composition of the initial pre-
cursor solutions) - the coordinates of points A,
B and C in the coded scale.
The equation describing the dependence of
the absorption edge λlim on the composition of
the three-component system with a fourth-de-
gree approximation was derived for homoge-
neous solutions № 1–15. The value of the opti-
cal absorption edge corresponds to the spectra
taken 15 min after synthesis, since later some
of the solutions became inhomogeneous.
Fig. 5. Isolines of the absorption edge of the studied
solutions № 1–15 (interpolation by the fourth
degree approximation).
As an object of investigation of antimicro-
bial activity, we have 15 points from Table 1.
from the Scheffe plan and the final doses of
L-Cysteine, Sodium tetraborate and cuprum
acetate salts. The test cultures included a strain
of the spore culture Bacillus subtilis ATCC
6633, a strain of the gram-negative culture
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and a
standard strain of the fungus Candida albicans
ATCC 885-653. The bacteriostatic properties
Cu2+ NaBH4
L-Cystein
23https://ucj.org.ua
Krupko Olena UCJ № 10 / Vol. 91
of the studied objects were established based
on the results of the growth of reference strains
of microorganisms in solutions of a series of
experiments (Table 1), which were performed
by the method of successive double dilutions
of 1:2 and 1:4 in meat-peptone broth. The eva
luation was carried out according to the va
lues of the zones of inhibition of growth of test
cultures, as well as the values of the minimum
bacteriostatic (MBsC), minimum bactericidal
(MBcC), minimum fungistatic (MFsC) and
minimum fungicidal (MFcC) concentrations
of the studied substances of different compo-
sition of solutions (№ 1–15, Table 1.) for test
cultures of microorganisms P.aeruginosa, C.al-
bicans, B.subtilis.
The obtained results of the bioscreening
showed that among the studied compositions of
the Cu2+ – L-Cys – NaBH4 system, the most ef-
fective antifungal indicators were demonstrated
by solutions № 7, № 9 and № 13, which showed
fungistatic and fungicidal properties against the
yeast-like fungus C. albicans in a dilution of 1:2
and 1:4 (the areas with the responses of the test
cultures are shown in Figure 6, according to the
composition of the solutions.) Thus, solutions
with an excess content of reducing agent inhibit
the growth of C. albicans.
Fungistatic properties against C. albicans
in a 1:2 dilution are also exhibited by solutions
with an excess of copper ions № 1, № 12, № 14,
solution № 11 (ratio between copper ions and
reducing agent 1:1) and solution № 15 with an
excess of reducing agent compared to copper
ions.
Solution № 4 in dilutions of 1:2 and 1:4 ex-
hibited bacteriostatic and bactericidal proper-
ties against the gram-positive bacterium B.sub-
tilis. And solution № 11 exhibited bacteriosta
tic action against B.subtilis in dilutions of 1:2.
Fig. 6. Generalized map of the effect of test cultures
of microorganisms on the tested solutions № 1–15
(area 1 – P.aeruginosa; 2 – B.subtilitis; 3 – C.albi
cans (MBsC) and 1I – P.aeruginosa; 2I – B.subtilitis;
3I – C.albicans (MBsC).
The results of studies on the Gram-nega-
tive bacterium strain P.aeruginosa showed that
solution № 1 exhibits a bacteriostatic effect at
a 1:2 dilution and a bactericidal effect at a 1:4
dilution, solutions № 4, № 11, and № 13 exhibit
bactericidal activity at a 1:2 dilution.
CONCLUSIONS. Based on the conduct-
ed experimental studies, the optimal ratio
between the solutions of the precursors Cys,
NaBH4 and Cu2+ was determined, the colloi-
dal solutions of which NPs remained stable
for 120 days. The excess of copper ions in re-
lation to Sodium tetraborate imposes additio
nal effects on the overall picture of the change
in the value of the optical absorption edge in
the concentration limits of the starting com-
ponents. This may be due to the fact that free,
unbound in NPs, copper ions under such
conditions easily interact with the stabilizer,
forming complexes of different composition.
Due to the fact that the selected stabilizer has
several working groups, the formed complex-
es can serve as a bridge for connecting the
Cu2+
1 P.aeruginosa
2 B.subtilis
3 C.albicans
NaBH4
L-Cystein
24 ISSN 2708-129X. Укр. хім. журн., 2025
OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES.INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
formed Cu particles, which in turn causes ad-
ditional optical effects.
From the side of high values of the reducing
agent concentration, the nature of the change
in isolines is simpler, but with increasing so-
dium tetraborate concentration, the value of
the optical absorption edge of the solutions
increases more intensively. Such a change may
be associated with the destruction of the stabi-
lizer, which in turn leads to coagulation of the
resulting solutions of copper nanoparticles.
The compositions of solutions have been
experimentally established, which, in com-
parison with other colloidal solutions, exhib-
it a higher effect on test cultures of microor-
ganisms P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.
However, it is the solutions of these composi-
tions (№ 1, № 7, № 9, № 13, №. 15) that are not
stable under storage conditions in an oxidizing
environment for a long time.
Synthesized colloidal solutions of copper
nanoparticles exhibit more pronounced anti-
fungal activity against C. albicans.
The results obtained are an impetus for fur-
ther research in the field of synthesis of stable
and simultaneously active colloidal solutions
of Cu nanoparticles in the fight against micro-
organisms.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
The work was carried out within the
framework of the scientific research
topic “Study of chemical, physico-
chemical properties and biological
activity of natural and synthetic or-
ganic compounds and compositions”
(2025–2029, state registration num-
ber: 0125U001979).
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ УМОВ СИНТЕЗУ БІОСУМІСНИХ
КОЛОЇДНИХ РОЗЧИНІВ МЕТАЛІЧНИХ
ЧАСТИНОК МІДІ
Олена Василівна Крупко
Буковинський державний медичний
університет,
м. Чернівці, пл. Театральна, 2, Україна
58002
e-mail: krupkoo@ukr.net
У роботі проведено комплексний під-
бір умов синтезу нанорозмірних частинок
Купруму у водному окиснювальному се-
редовищі з використанням як стабілізатора
біосумісної амінокислоти – L-Цистеїну, від-
новника – Натрій тетраборату та застосу-
ванням методу математичного планування
експерименту – методу Шеффе.
Використання методу математичного
планування дало можливість спрогнозува-
ти адитивний вплив співвідношення між
прекурсорами у досліджуваному середови-
щі на значення краю оптичного поглинан-
ня отриманих колоїдних розчинів нано-
частинок купруму, їхню стабільність у часі
та дію на тест-культури мікроорганізмів
P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.
Встановлено співвідношення між вихід-
ними реагентами, які призводять до утво-
рення стабільних колоїдних розчинів на-
ночастинок купруму за значення рН=6 та
температури 200С в окиснювальному реак-
ційному середовищі.
Побудовано математичну модель у ви-
гляді проекції на площину рівносторон-
нього трикутника залежності значення
краю оптичного поглинання колоїдних
25https://ucj.org.ua
Krupko Olena UCJ № 10 / Vol. 91
розчинів наночастинок металічної міді від
співвідношення між прекурсорами. От-
римано математичне рівняння – поліном
четвертого ступеня, що описує залежність
значення краю оптичного поглинання ко-
лоїдних розчинів наночастинок купруму
залежно від співвідношення між трьома
незалежними змінними – кристалоформу-
ючими компонентами стійких у часі час-
тинок у реакційному середовищі. Дослі-
джено протибактеріальні активності серії
досліджуваних розчинів мікрометодом
серійних розведень відповідно до проце-
дур Європейського комітету з тестування
чутливості до референс-штамів бактерій
(P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.). Із ви-
користанням математичної моделі Шеффе
визначено концентраційні області та спів-
відношення між компонентами досліджу-
ваної системи, які проявили найвищий
вплив на дію тест-культур мікроорганізмів.
Ключові слова: наночастинки, оптичні
показники, купрум, мікроорганізми P.aeru
ginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.
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Стаття надійшла 15.08.2025.
|
| id | oai:ojs2.1444248.nisspano.web.hosting-test.net:article-753 |
| institution | Ukrainian Chemistry Journal |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:13:49Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | V.I.Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | ucjorgua/f0/85c0ce2c5888aed7eea476c3535169f0.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.1444248.nisspano.web.hosting-test.net:article-7532026-07-22T08:23:56Z OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES Krupko, Olena nanoparticles, optical indicators, copper, microorganisms P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis. The work presents a comprehensive selection of conditions for the synthesis of nanosized Copper particles in an aqueous oxidizing environment using a biocompatible amino acid – L-Сysteine as a stabilizer, a reducing agent – sodium tetraborate, and the application of the method of mathematical experimental planning the Scheffe method. The use of the mathematical planning method made it possible to predict the additive effect of the ratio between precursors in the studied medium on the value of the optical absorption edge of the obtained colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles, their stability over time and the effect on test cultures of microorganisms P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis. The ratio between the starting reagents that lead to the formation of stable colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles at pH=6 and temperature of 20°C in an oxidizing reaction medium has been established. A mathematical model was constructed in the form of a projection onto the plane of an equilateral triangle of the dependence of the value of the optical absorption edge of colloidal solutions of metallic copper nanoparticles on the ratio between the precursors. A mathematical equation was obtained – a fourth-degree polynomial that describes the dependence of the value of the optical absorption edge of colloidal solutions of copper nanoparticles on the ratio between three independent variables – crystal-forming components of time-stable particles in the reaction medium. The antibacterial activities of a series of test solutions were investigated by the micromethod of serial dilutions in accordance with the procedures of the European Committee for Susceptibility Testing against reference strains of bacteria (P.aeruginosa, C.albicans, B.subtilitis.). Using the Scheffe mathematical model, the concentration regions and ratios between the components of the studied system were determined, which had the highest impact on the action of test cultures of microorganisms. V.I.Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry 2025-11-25 Article Article Inorganic Chemistry Неорганическая химия Неорганічна хімія application/pdf https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/753 10.33609/2708-129X.91.10.2025.16-26 Ukrainian Chemistry Journal; Vol. 91 No. 10 (2025): Ukrainian Chemistry Journal; 16-26 Украинский химический журнал; ##issue.vol## 91 ##issue.no## 10 (2025): Ukrainian Chemistry Journal; 16-26 Український хімічний журнал; Том 91 № 10 (2025): Ukrainian Chemistry Journal; 16-26 2708-129X 2708-1281 en https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/753/388 Copyright (c) 2025 Olena Krupko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Krupko, Olena OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES |
| title | OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES |
| title_full | OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES |
| title_fullStr | OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES |
| title_full_unstemmed | OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES |
| title_short | OPTIMIZATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COLLOID SOLUTIONS OF COPPER METAL PARTICLES |
| title_sort | optimization of synthesis conditions of biocompatible colloid solutions of copper metal particles |
| topic_facet | nanoparticles optical indicators copper microorganisms P.aeruginosa C.albicans B.subtilitis. |
| url | https://ucj.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/753 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT krupkoolena optimizationofsynthesisconditionsofbiocompatiblecolloidsolutionsofcoppermetalparticles |