ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ТА ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЇ РЕЗЕРВУАРІВ ДЛЯ ТРАНСПОРТУВАННЯ ГАЗУ ТА НАФТИ

• Datum: 2025
• Hauptverfasser: Судаков, A.K., Пащенко, O.A., Расцвєтаєв, В.О.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlicht: Институт сверхтвердых материалов им. В. Н. Бакуля Национальной академии наук Украины 2025
• Schlagworte: транспортування газу; транспортування нафти; проєктування резервуарів; високоміцні сталі; композитні матеріали; наноматеріали; обчислювальна гідродинаміка; аналіз кінцевих елементів; двошарові резервуари; транспортування СПГ; транспортування водню; моніторинг у реальному часі; виявлення витоків; уловлювання парів; декарбонізація
• Online Zugang: http://altis-ism.org.ua/index.php/ALTIS/article/view/460
• Назва журналу: Tooling materials science

The transportation of gas and oil is a critical component of the global energy supply chain, necessitating advanced tank designs that prioritize safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability. This article explores innovative approaches to the design, production, and operation of tanks used for transporting hydrocarbons, including natural gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), hydrogen, and various oil fractions. The study addresses the increasing demand for energy resources, driven by global consumption trends, and the need to mitigate environmental impacts while ensuring operational reliability. Key advancements include the adoption of new-generation materials, such as high-strength steels, carbon-fiber-reinforced composites, and nanostructured coatings, which enhance durability, reduce weight, and improve corrosion resistance. Computational modeling techniques, including Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA), optimize tank structures for extreme conditions, reducing design costs and improving safety. Innovative designs, such as double-walled tanks and adaptive structures, address the challenges of cryogenic and high-pressure environments, particularly for LNG and hydrogen. Real-time monitoring systems, equipped with pressure, temperature, and leak detection sensors, integrate with intelligent control systems to prevent accidents and minimize downtime. Environmental considerations are central, with technologies like vapor recovery systems and recyclable materials reducing greenhouse gas emissions and aligning with global decarbonization goals, including the Paris Agreement. The article also examines the economic implications, comparing the lifecycle costs of traditional and innovative tanks, and highlights how optimized designs enhance logistics efficiency, reducing fuel consumption and operational expenses. Investments in research and development are driving market growth, particularly for alternative fuels like hydrogen and biofuels, which are poised to reshape the transportation sector. Case studies of past incidents underscore the importance of robust safety protocols and non-destructive testing methods, such as ultrasonic and radiographic inspections, to prevent failures. The study concludes with recommendations for manufacturers, operators, and regulators to adopt sustainable materials, update standards, and invest in autonomous and AI-driven technologies. Future research directions include exploring nanomaterials, multi-fuel tank designs, and the socioeconomic impacts of decarbonization, ensuring the sector’s alignment with a sustainable energy future.