КОНСТРУКТИВНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ СКЛАДОВІ ГІДРОМЕХАНІЧНОГО БУРІННЯ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ АВТОМАТИЗОВАНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ НИМ

• Datum: 2025
• 1. Verfasser: Ігнатов, A.O.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainisch
• Veröffentlicht: Институт сверхтвердых материалов им. В. Н. Бакуля Национальной академии наук Украины 2025
• Schlagworte: гідромеханічне буріння; свердловина; вибій; технологічний процес; гірська порода; механізм саморегулювання; конструкція пристрою; породоруйнівна куля; деформація; енергетичні параметри
• Online Zugang: http://altis-ism.org.ua/index.php/ALTIS/article/view/463
• Назва журналу: Tooling materials science

The article substantiates the rational design and technological parameters of modernized hydro-mechanical drilling tools. This is based on the established patterns of the interaction process between moving solid spheres and the rock mass in the bottom-hole zone of the well, which enhances well drilling efficiency. The limitations of traditional jet-ballistic and mechanical drilling methods in challenging mining and geological conditions are established. The expediency of transitioning to hydro-mechanical rock destruction schemes, which combine mechanical and hydrodynamic (pneumodynamic) impacts, is justified. Fundamental design elements for new devices are proposed. The advantages of combined rock fragmentation schemes, where the working agents act in a coordinated manner, are demonstrated. It is shown that the coordination of the percussive and rotational components enhances the spalling effect at the "sphere-rock" interface while maintaining acceptable operational loads. The necessity of implementing self-regulating systems for the operating modes of hydro-mechanical devices is justified. An approach is proposed whereby the parameters of impact and rotation are adapted based on the shape of the bottom hole, its curvature, and the actual resistance of the rock, thereby increasing process stability and reducing the risk of failure incidents. It is demonstrated that the implementation of real-time adaptive control systems enables the development of reliable algorithms for managing rotation regimes and generating impact impulses. A concept for hydro-mechanical drilling with adaptive control of energy parameters is proposed. Fundamental designs for combined devices with autonomous drives have been developed, incorporating a self-regulating mechanism for impact load generation and rotation based on the bottom-hole shape and rock resistance. Furthermore, the criteria for optimizing the interaction in the "sphere-rock" system and the principles of real-time adaptive control algorithms have been defined.