МЕХАНІКА ЕФЕКТИВНОГО РУЙНУВАННЯ ГІРСЬКИХ ПОРІД ШАРОШКОВО-ЛАНЦЮГОВИМИ ДОЛОТАМИ

• Datum: 2019
• Hauptverfasser: Давиденко, О. М., Ігнатов, A. O.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainian
• Veröffentlicht: Институт сверхтвердых материалов им. В. Н. Бакуля Национальной академии наук Украины 2019
• Schlagworte: комбіноване долото; механізм руйнування; гірська порода; напруга; енергія; пружна хвиля.
• Online Zugang: http://altis-ism.org.ua/index.php/ALTIS/article/view/75
• Назва журналу: Tooling materials science

ROLLINGCUTTER Laboratory and analytical methods of research have established and substantiated the fundamental principles for designing high-performance combined chisels, and also considered key aspects of the mechanics of an elementary act of rock destruction with maximum consideration for its mechanical properties and assessment of the impact of the destruction environment. The design of the combined roller-chain disc chisel with the possibility of self-regulation of its working body and ensuring the significant effectiveness of the mechanism of destruction of rocks of different hardness was developed. It is analytically and practically proved that under the action of the working body of the combined chisels in the rock, shear stress occurs, which leads to the generation of elastic waves of destruction, as they propagate, some of the energy is spent on the work of destruction, and its other part, changing the direction of motion, dissipates in array. It is shown that the parameters of the wave, which determine the process of destruction, should include voltage, intensity, duration and spectral composition. The existence of a mechanism for the propagation of an elastic wave in a rock and its accompaniment by continuous energy absorption by the medium and the phenomenon of dispersion has been established and formalized. It was proved sufficient manufacturability of the combined chisels, especially under conditions of reducing the absorption coefficient, reducing unproductive losses, which transforms wave energy into heat and  increases of energy transfer from the tool to the rock. The mechanism of rock energy absorption largely determines the nature of the destruction process; under conditions of significant absorption, even under short-term loads, the process can be considered quasi-static, but if energy absorption is low, relatively long-term loads lead to a dynamic mode of destruction. The obtained results of laboratory and analytical studies are basic for the design of the design characteristics of individual nodes of the combined chisels. Data on the mechanics of destruction of rocks are the basis for further research on the development of technological measures for the operation of chisels under the conditions of variation of the properties of the rock formation and the working environment itself.