Функціональне значення, вікова структура та продуктивність соснових насаджень Харківщини

• Date: 2022
• Main Authors: Yushchyk, V. S., Rumіantsev, M. Н., Kobets, O. V., Borysenko, O. I., Tupchii , O. M., Bondarenko, V. V.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) 2022
• Subjects: сосна звичайна (Pinus sylvestris L.); категорії лісів; походження; групи віку; таксаційні показники
• Online Access: https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/333
• Journal Title: Forestry and Forest Melioration

Introduction Pine forests perform climate-regulating, recreational, health-improving, environmental, and other important functions. They also meet the needs of the national economy and the population in wood and other forest products. To determine the mode of use and effective forest management in pine forests, it is necessary to establish a functional purpose of the forest, which is determined by its belonging to a certain category. The aim of the research was to analyse a functional distribution of the pine stands in Kharkiv region in terms of their origin and to determine their productivity by forest categories. Materials and methods The forest inventory data were the basis for the calculations. The study covers the pine stands of various origins, subordinated to the State Forest Resources Agency of Ukraine, within Kharkiv region in all forest categories with a total area of over 95 thousand hectares. Pine forests within ten state forest enterprises were analysed. The division of forests into categories and the allocation of special protective forest areas with a limited use mode were carried out in accordance with the Procedure of Division of Forests on Category and Determination of Protective Forest Areas. The age structure and productivity of the studied pine stands in terms of forest categories and their origin were determined according to the generally accepted methods in forest assessment. Results Recreational and health-improving forests (37.3%) and protective forests (32.7%) predominate among the pine stands by area. The forest area for environmental, scientific, historical and cultural purposes is 30.0%. The most productive are the pine stands within recreational and health forests (315 m3·ha-1), and the least productive are those in protective forests (286 m3·ha-1). The area is significantly dominated by planted pine stands, the part of which makes 92%; the rest of the area (8%) is occupied by natural pine stands. The age structure of the pine forests is unbalanced, with the predominance as in area, so in stock of maturing pine stands of natural origin and middle-aged planted pine stands. The average index of forest growth capacity used by natural pine stands in protective forests made 63%, in recreational and health-improving forests and in forests of environmental, scientific, historical and cultural purpose it made 64%. The indices of forest growth capacity used by the planted pine stands were slightly lower – 56, 58 and 54%, respectively. Conclusions The study revealed an unbalanced age structure of the pine stands of all categories in Kharkiv region. There was an essential predominance as in area, so in stock of maturing pine stands of natural origin and middle-aged pine stands of artificial origin. The share of young forest was insignificant, in particular that of natural origin. The indices of forest growth capacity used by the pine stands, regardless of the forest category, were relatively low and made 63–64% for the pine stands of natural origin and 54–58% for planted ones. 3 Figs., 4 Tables, 10 Refs.