Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України
Introduction Rational forest use should be based on a comprehensive investigation of the mechanisms of the environmental factors that influence forest stands. The severity of the destructive process in the forest litter depends on precipitation and litter decomposition activity. Under certain condit...
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| Date: | 2024 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Ukrainian |
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Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM)
2024
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| Online Access: | https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/413 |
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| Journal Title: | Forestry and Forest Melioration |
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Forestry and Forest Melioration| _version_ | 1856543490146566144 |
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| author | Voron, V. P. Koval, I. M. |
| author_facet | Voron, V. P. Koval, I. M. |
| author_sort | Voron, V. P. |
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| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2024-08-28T10:03:11Z |
| description | Introduction
Rational forest use should be based on a comprehensive investigation of the mechanisms of the environmental factors that influence forest stands. The severity of the destructive process in the forest litter depends on precipitation and litter decomposition activity. Under certain conditions, the thickness and structure of forest litter may contribute to fire emergence. As litter is the main component of combustible materials in the forest ecosystem, its mass and condition may determine fire development. The research aimed to reveal the features of changes in the precipitation-litter link in pine forests under anthropogenic influence.
Materials and Methods
The study of the forest litter formation under aerotechnogenic pollution was carried out on permanent sample plots in the industrial zones: Rivne Industrial Joint Stock Company “Azot” (RVAT “Azot”) and Lysychansk-Rubizhne-Siverodonetsk Industrial Agglomeration with dominance in emissions of SO2, NOx, NH3 and Zmiiv Thermal Power Plant, the emissions of which are dominated by oxides of sulfur, nitrogen and ash with a high content of heavy metals. The floor and litter stocks were assessed in the pine forests in the green zone of Kharkiv, in the ecological series of sample plots according to the stages of recreational digressions.
Results
Under industrial pollution, markers of change in the forest litter are associated with the chemical influence of pollutants. The content of pollutants increases from the top to the bottom layer of litter. These trends are particularly pronounced for heavy metals. The total stock of heavy metals in the litter in the industrial zone was 3.4–5.5 times higher than in the control area. As a result of pollution, the litter mass increases, so the rate of phytodetritus mineralization is an important indicator of technogenic influence. It was found that the total time for the formation of the mortmass in the industrial zone was 0.9–3.0 years longer than in the control plot.
Changes in forest litter under recreational influence are associated with mechanical pressure. As a result of the recreational load, the slow biocycle in the precipitation-litter chain, which is typical for pine forests, is further inhibited. In all layers of litter mineralization, the accumulation of mortmass dominates over decomposition.
Conclusions
The total time of forest floor formation was 0.9–3.0 years longer in the industrial zone than in the control zone. The content of pollutants, in particular S and N, increased from the upper to the lower litter layer. The Cr content in the H layer of the litter was 12–14 times higher than in the L layer, Cu content was 4–19 times higher, Zn content – 7–11 times, Sr content – 8–13 times, Pb content – 13–18 times. In general, the stock of heavy metals in the litter in the industrial zone was 3.4–5.5 times higher than in undisturbed forests.
Pine stands in relatively poor forest site conditions accumulate higher litter stocks than in poor site conditions: in 60-year-old stands, it was 35,500 kg ha-1 in relatively poor site conditions and 70,300 kg ha-1in poor site conditions.
9 Tables, 20 Refs. |
| first_indexed | 2026-02-08T08:04:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:ojs2.forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua:article-413 |
| institution | Forestry and Forest Melioration |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-02-08T08:04:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua:article-4132024-08-28T10:03:11Z Litter as a marker of anthropotechnogenic changes in the pine forests in the plain part of Ukraine Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України Voron, V. P. Koval, I. M. litter stock litter capacity Pinus sylvestris L. industrial pollution recreational load forest fires запаси підстилки потужність підстилки Pinus sylvestris L. промислове забруднення рекреаційне навантаження лісові пожежі Introduction Rational forest use should be based on a comprehensive investigation of the mechanisms of the environmental factors that influence forest stands. The severity of the destructive process in the forest litter depends on precipitation and litter decomposition activity. Under certain conditions, the thickness and structure of forest litter may contribute to fire emergence. As litter is the main component of combustible materials in the forest ecosystem, its mass and condition may determine fire development. The research aimed to reveal the features of changes in the precipitation-litter link in pine forests under anthropogenic influence. Materials and Methods The study of the forest litter formation under aerotechnogenic pollution was carried out on permanent sample plots in the industrial zones: Rivne Industrial Joint Stock Company “Azot” (RVAT “Azot”) and Lysychansk-Rubizhne-Siverodonetsk Industrial Agglomeration with dominance in emissions of SO2, NOx, NH3 and Zmiiv Thermal Power Plant, the emissions of which are dominated by oxides of sulfur, nitrogen and ash with a high content of heavy metals. The floor and litter stocks were assessed in the pine forests in the green zone of Kharkiv, in the ecological series of sample plots according to the stages of recreational digressions. Results Under industrial pollution, markers of change in the forest litter are associated with the chemical influence of pollutants. The content of pollutants increases from the top to the bottom layer of litter. These trends are particularly pronounced for heavy metals. The total stock of heavy metals in the litter in the industrial zone was 3.4–5.5 times higher than in the control area. As a result of pollution, the litter mass increases, so the rate of phytodetritus mineralization is an important indicator of technogenic influence. It was found that the total time for the formation of the mortmass in the industrial zone was 0.9–3.0 years longer than in the control plot. Changes in forest litter under recreational influence are associated with mechanical pressure. As a result of the recreational load, the slow biocycle in the precipitation-litter chain, which is typical for pine forests, is further inhibited. In all layers of litter mineralization, the accumulation of mortmass dominates over decomposition. Conclusions The total time of forest floor formation was 0.9–3.0 years longer in the industrial zone than in the control zone. The content of pollutants, in particular S and N, increased from the upper to the lower litter layer. The Cr content in the H layer of the litter was 12–14 times higher than in the L layer, Cu content was 4–19 times higher, Zn content – 7–11 times, Sr content – 8–13 times, Pb content – 13–18 times. In general, the stock of heavy metals in the litter in the industrial zone was 3.4–5.5 times higher than in undisturbed forests. Pine stands in relatively poor forest site conditions accumulate higher litter stocks than in poor site conditions: in 60-year-old stands, it was 35,500 kg ha-1 in relatively poor site conditions and 70,300 kg ha-1in poor site conditions. 9 Tables, 20 Refs. Виявлено особливості трансформації ланки «опад – підстилка» соснових лісостанів в умовах антропотехногенного забруднення та рекреації. Запас і структура лісової підстилки залежать від типу лісорослинних умов і віку насаджень. Через порушення екологічних умов уповільнюються процеси мінералізації фітодетриту. Унаслідок цього накопичується мортмаса, що відбивається на запасах, потужності та структурі підстилки. Так, у техногенній зоні період формування лісової підстилки збільшується на 0,9–3,0 року, а вміст важких металів у ній – у 3,4–5,5 разу, ніж за межами цієї зони. У міру збільшення рівня рекреаційного навантаження зменшується запас підстилки, а тривалість існування мортмаси в усіх підгоризонтах подовжується (різниця між сосняками першої та четвертої стадій рекреаційної дигресії становить один рік). Одержані дані свідчить про доцільність використання показників запасу, потужності та структури підстилки для індикації інтенсивності антропотехногенного впливу. Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) 2024-06-27 Article Article application/pdf https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/413 10.33220/1026-3365.144.2024.88 Forestry and Forest Melioration; No. 144 (2024): Forestry and Forest Melioration; 88-98 Лісівництво і Агролісомеліорація; № 144 (2024): Лісівництво і Агролісомеліорація; 88-98 2663-4147 1026-3365 10.33220/1026-3365.144.2024 uk https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/413/372 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | запаси підстилки потужність підстилки Pinus sylvestris L. промислове забруднення рекреаційне навантаження лісові пожежі Voron, V. P. Koval, I. M. Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України |
| title | Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України |
| title_alt | Litter as a marker of anthropotechnogenic changes in the pine forests in the plain part of Ukraine |
| title_full | Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України |
| title_fullStr | Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України |
| title_full_unstemmed | Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України |
| title_short | Підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини України |
| title_sort | підстилка як маркер антропотехногенних змін у соснових лісах рівнинної частини україни |
| topic | запаси підстилки потужність підстилки Pinus sylvestris L. промислове забруднення рекреаційне навантаження лісові пожежі |
| topic_facet | litter stock litter capacity Pinus sylvestris L. industrial pollution recreational load forest fires запаси підстилки потужність підстилки Pinus sylvestris L. промислове забруднення рекреаційне навантаження лісові пожежі |
| url | https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/413 |
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