ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ
Introduction Natural forests and human-planted protective forest belts (shelterbelts) on both sides of railways are designed to protect against drifting snow and blowing sands, mudflows, avalanches and landslides, as well as to reduce noise, to perform sanitary and aesthetic functions, and secure mo...
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| Дата: | 2018 |
|---|---|
| Автор: | |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Українська |
| Опубліковано: |
Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM)
2018
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| Теми: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/90 |
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| Назва журналу: | Forestry and Forest Melioration |
Репозитарії
Forestry and Forest Melioration| _version_ | 1856543361135017984 |
|---|---|
| author | Chornyavska, І. R. |
| author_facet | Chornyavska, І. R. |
| author_sort | Chornyavska, І. R. |
| baseUrl_str | |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2019-04-26T16:34:23Z |
| description | Introduction
Natural forests and human-planted protective forest belts (shelterbelts) on both sides of railways are designed to protect against drifting snow and blowing sands, mudflows, avalanches and landslides, as well as to reduce noise, to perform sanitary and aesthetic functions, and secure moving traffic from adverse aerodynamic loads.
The protection of the railways, primarily from snow drifting, is relevant upon the commencement of train traffic on railroad lines. Forest protective belts are some of the cheapest, powerful and long-lasting means of snow drift prevention.
The aim of the study is to assess the impact of shelterbelts on the distribution of snow deposits.
Materials and Methods
To investigate the snow-retaining effects of protective plantings along traffic arteries, a study was carried out on sample plots located on the line of the Lyubotin-Vorozhba railway, within the Kharkiv region.
The objects of the study were maple-oak protective forest belt near “Gazove” station (sample plot 1) and oak-ash protective forest belt near “204 km” station (sample plot 2), as well as fields bordering on these shelterbelts. The experimental plots of rectangular shape were laid out across the entire width of the forest belt, 100 m length along the railroad track.
Measurements of snow cover distribution and determination of density and water equivalence of the snow cover were carried out using the method of forest meteorological observations, namely the manner of the snow cover deposits and snow survey. The height of the snow cover was measured by a wooden snow survey stake; the number of replications was ten at each of the observation points. The distance between the points of snow cover measurement was 10 m.
Results and Conclusions
The influence of forest shelterbelts of different ages on snow deposits and distribution of snow cover were investigated on sample plots 1 and 2. The benefits of protective forest belts planted along railways were described. Belts along the railways not only prevent the snow accumulation on railroad tracks but also perform a number of useful functions. The snow pattern (the snow trail length and the snow-cover height) was determined and the density and water equivalence of snow cover were calculated in the shelterbelts and adjacent fields.
The maximum snow cover height reached 19 cm in the maple-oak shelterbelt (sample plot 1), and it was 22 cm in the oak-ash shelterbelt (sample plot 2); the water equivalence of the snow cover was 32 mm and 36 mm, respectively. In oak-ash shelterbelt, the snow cover is 3 cm higher and the water equivalence of the snow cover is 4 mm larger than those in the maple-oak shelterbelt. The denser design of the forest belt provides the more snow retention in it, and, consequently, less snow falls into the railroad precinct area and infrastructure. An intensively removal of trees during tending felling is not recommended at the maple-oak forest belt, as this will reduce the density of the protective planting and, therefore, will result in deterioration of its protective properties: the snow cover height in the shelterbelt along railways will reach the height of the snow cover in the open field.
6 Figs., 4 Refs. |
| first_indexed | 2026-02-08T08:02:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:ojs2.forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua:article-90 |
| institution | Forestry and Forest Melioration |
| language | Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-02-08T08:02:00Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua:article-902019-04-26T16:34:23Z INFLUENCE OF SHELTERBELTS ON SNOW COVER SURFACE DISTRIBUTION AT SOUTHERN RAILWAYS OF UKRAINE ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ Chornyavska, І. R. shelterbelts, railway tracks, snow-distributing properties, snow-retaining properties, dense shelterbelt, snow density, snow cover water equivalence захисні лісові насадження, залізниця, снігорозподільні властивості, снігозатримувальні властивості, щільна конструкція лісових смуг, щільність снігу, запас води в снігу Introduction Natural forests and human-planted protective forest belts (shelterbelts) on both sides of railways are designed to protect against drifting snow and blowing sands, mudflows, avalanches and landslides, as well as to reduce noise, to perform sanitary and aesthetic functions, and secure moving traffic from adverse aerodynamic loads. The protection of the railways, primarily from snow drifting, is relevant upon the commencement of train traffic on railroad lines. Forest protective belts are some of the cheapest, powerful and long-lasting means of snow drift prevention. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of shelterbelts on the distribution of snow deposits. Materials and Methods To investigate the snow-retaining effects of protective plantings along traffic arteries, a study was carried out on sample plots located on the line of the Lyubotin-Vorozhba railway, within the Kharkiv region. The objects of the study were maple-oak protective forest belt near “Gazove” station (sample plot 1) and oak-ash protective forest belt near “204 km” station (sample plot 2), as well as fields bordering on these shelterbelts. The experimental plots of rectangular shape were laid out across the entire width of the forest belt, 100 m length along the railroad track. Measurements of snow cover distribution and determination of density and water equivalence of the snow cover were carried out using the method of forest meteorological observations, namely the manner of the snow cover deposits and snow survey. The height of the snow cover was measured by a wooden snow survey stake; the number of replications was ten at each of the observation points. The distance between the points of snow cover measurement was 10 m. Results and Conclusions The influence of forest shelterbelts of different ages on snow deposits and distribution of snow cover were investigated on sample plots 1 and 2. The benefits of protective forest belts planted along railways were described. Belts along the railways not only prevent the snow accumulation on railroad tracks but also perform a number of useful functions. The snow pattern (the snow trail length and the snow-cover height) was determined and the density and water equivalence of snow cover were calculated in the shelterbelts and adjacent fields. The maximum snow cover height reached 19 cm in the maple-oak shelterbelt (sample plot 1), and it was 22 cm in the oak-ash shelterbelt (sample plot 2); the water equivalence of the snow cover was 32 mm and 36 mm, respectively. In oak-ash shelterbelt, the snow cover is 3 cm higher and the water equivalence of the snow cover is 4 mm larger than those in the maple-oak shelterbelt. The denser design of the forest belt provides the more snow retention in it, and, consequently, less snow falls into the railroad precinct area and infrastructure. An intensively removal of trees during tending felling is not recommended at the maple-oak forest belt, as this will reduce the density of the protective planting and, therefore, will result in deterioration of its protective properties: the snow cover height in the shelterbelt along railways will reach the height of the snow cover in the open field. 6 Figs., 4 Refs. Досліджено вплив смугових захисних лісових насаджень різного віку на розподіл снігового покриву на шляхах залізничного транспорту в Лівобережному Лісостепу. Описано поліфункціональне значення захисних лісових смуг на шляхах залізничного транспорту. Встановлено характер розподілу снігу (протяжність шлейфу та висоту снігового покриву), розраховано щільність та запас води в снігу в захисних насадженнях та на прилеглих полях. Смуги вздовж залізниць не лише запобігають утворенню на коліях снігових заметів, але й виконують інші корисні функції. Від такого захисту подвійна користь: захищається колія, і накопичується сніг на полях. Вказано на необхідність науково обґрунтованого підходу до впорядкування захисних насаджень, прилеглих до залізничних магістралей. Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky (URIFFM) 2018-02-08 Article Article application/pdf https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/90 Forestry and Forest Melioration; No. 130 (2017): Forestry and Forest Melioration; 119-124 Лісівництво і Агролісомеліорація; № 130 (2017): Лісівництво і Агролісомеліорація; 119-124 2663-4147 1026-3365 uk https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/90/77 |
| spellingShingle | захисні лісові насадження залізниця снігорозподільні властивості снігозатримувальні властивості щільна конструкція лісових смуг щільність снігу запас води в снігу Chornyavska, І. R. ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ |
| title | ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ |
| title_alt | INFLUENCE OF SHELTERBELTS ON SNOW COVER SURFACE DISTRIBUTION AT SOUTHERN RAILWAYS OF UKRAINE |
| title_full | ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ |
| title_fullStr | ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ |
| title_full_unstemmed | ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ |
| title_short | ВПЛИВ СМУГОВИХ ЗАХИСНИХ ЛІСОВИХ НАСАДЖЕНЬ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЦІ НА РОЗПОДІЛ СНІГОВОГО ПОКРИВУ |
| title_sort | вплив смугових захисних лісових насаджень південної залізниці на розподіл снігового покриву |
| topic | захисні лісові насадження залізниця снігорозподільні властивості снігозатримувальні властивості щільна конструкція лісових смуг щільність снігу запас води в снігу |
| topic_facet | shelterbelts railway tracks snow-distributing properties snow-retaining properties dense shelterbelt snow density snow cover water equivalence захисні лісові насадження залізниця снігорозподільні властивості снігозатримувальні властивості щільна конструкція лісових смуг щільність снігу запас води в снігу |
| url | https://forestry-forestmelioration.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/90 |
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