ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРИЧИН РУЙНАЦІЇ ТРУБ В ТЕПЛООБМІННИХ АПАРАТАХ

• Datum: 2023
• Hauptverfasser: Demchenko, V.G., Pogorelova, N.D., Khomenko, M.V.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainian
• Veröffentlicht: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine 2023
• Online Zugang: https://ihe.nas.gov.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/543
• Назва журналу: Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering

This article is devoted to issues of accident prevention and safe operation of tubular heat exchangers. The purpose of the work is to identify and investigate the most common causes of damage and destruction of tubular heat exchange surfaces used in shell-and-tube heat exchange devices (hereinafter referred to as TA) and further provide recommendations for preventing their damage and destruction. The object of research is pipe heat exchange surfaces. The subject of research is the causes of damage and destruction of pipes of heat exchangers. The most common causes of damage and destruction of the TA pipe surface can be grouped by technological, technical and production factors. Consider the issue of choosing the materials of the pipe bundle, the quality of its installation and fastening. An analysis of the influence of the pipe geometry was made. For the first time, the question of the impact of pipe bending on the safe operation of the heat exchanger was formulated. The procedure for calculating the coolant flow rate and operating pressure is given. Consider the issue of tube vibration, which is caused by vortex shedding. An example of ignoring the phenomenon of turbulent buffeting, which led to the destruction of the pipe bundle, is given. Examples of pipe destruction of a shell-and-tube heat exchange device from the real practice of its improper operation are given. A systematic approach to solving problems of failure of heat exchange equipment, setting priority scientific and technical tasks in its design and operation has been formed. The main causes of damage to pipes and their subsequent destruction have been determined, which include: design and manufacturing errors, use of inappropriate materials, changing the location of the pipe bundle without taking into account vibration and buffeting, mechanical damage during transportation and installation, non-compliance with operating rules. Scientifically based recommendations on the prevention of emergency situations during the operation of the heat exchange apparatus are offered.