АНАЛІЗ НАПРЯМКІВ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ЛОГІСТИКИ ПОСТАЧАННЯ БІОПАЛИВ НА ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНІ ОБ’ЄКТИ

• Datum: 2024
• Hauptverfasser: Zheliezna, T.A., Drahniev, S.V.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainian
• Veröffentlicht: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine 2024
• Online Zugang: https://ihe.nas.gov.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/571
• Назва журналу: Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering

The objective of the work is analysis of the best options for harvesting and logistics of biomass supply to energy facilities. Another purpose is to develop recommendations for implementing best practices of biomass logistics in Ukraine. Effective logistics of biomass fuel supply is one of the important prerequisites for a successful implementation of bioenergy projects. The share of logistics cost in the whole supply chain is 30...50% for biomass delivered to the consumer. In case of long-distance international transportation this share may reach more than 75%. The composition and complexity of harvesting and logistics operations, which affects the final product cost, depends on biomass source, type and commercial form (pellets, briquettes, chips, bales). The more compressed biomass is, the more efficient its transportation is from an economic and energy point of view in terms of ton-kilometer. Effective biomass supply logistics minimizes its cost as a fuel for an energy facility. This is important because fuel cost is the largest component (up to 70% and more) and often plays the crucial role in forming the price of energy produced. It is important for Ukraine to study and implement the best European experience in harvesting and logistics operations for biomass supply for energy conversion. In particular, this includes the creation of a system for biomass electronic trading as well as practical implementation of the concept for wood chips production from felling residues on a forest roadside. Drafts of required basic documents, including legislative ones, have already been developed for these areas. Other priority tasks for the domestic bioenergy sector are the mastering of technologies for corn and sunflower stalks harvesting, development of energy crops growing, creation of trade and logistics centers for wood/agrarian biomass or the implementation of other similar concepts, introduction of long-term contracts for biomass supply and payment for biomass delivered per its energy unit (not per ton), development of companies that specialize in biomass and biofuel logistics.