ПЕРЕРОБКА ТА УТИЛІЗАЦІЯ ОСАДІВ ВІД ОЧИЩЕННЯ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ТА ПОБУТОВИХ СТІЧНИХ ВОД

• Дата: 2024
• Автори: Petrova, Zh.O., Badekha, A.V.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine 2024
• Онлайн доступ: https://ihe.nas.gov.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/574
• Назва журналу: Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering

Treatment of wastewater (filtrates) of solid waste landfills is one of the most acute problems of national importance. Filtrates belong to highly polluted, ecologically dangerous wastewater, as they are characterized by a high content of salts (up to 25,000mg/dm3) and organic substances (chemical oxygen absorption (COD) – 13,000 – 16,000 mg O/dm3). As a rule, filtrates are not cleaned in Ukraine today, and they end up in surface and underground waters without any treatment, which causes enormous damage to the environment. In the industrially developed countries of the world, the reverse osmosis method is mainly used for the purification of filtrates. Thus, water purification by reverse osmosis requires 25-30% less energy than other methods. In addition, reverse osmosis provides a high degree of water purification from most types of pollution. At the same time, the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of reverse osmosis is largely determined by the adequate preliminary preparation of the filtrate, which prevents contamination of the membranes. In many cases, this is not followed in order to save money when cleaning filtrates. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to develop a technology for complex processing of filtrates based on membrane methods to obtain clean water that meets the standards of the standard for discharge into open water bodies, and valuable substances that are suitable for industrial use. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to develop a technology for complex processing of filtrates based on membrane methods to obtain clean water that meets the standards of the standard for discharge into open water bodies, and valuable substances that are suitable for industrial use . The influence on plant development of sediment components or direct irrigation of the soil with landfill drainage wastewater showed that the introduction of alkaline sediment with a high salt content into the soil has a negative effect on plant growth, although it stimulates the process of grain germination. In addition, the high content of toxic substances indicates the impracticality of introducing such sediment into the soil. From an ecological and economic point of view, it is rational to obtain calcium oxide from sediment by a thermal method, which can be reused at the stage of treatment of drainage wastewater with reagents.