КОМПРОМІСНІ РІШЕННЯ: СИСТЕМНИЙ ПІДХІД

• Дата: 2025
• Автор: Voronin, A.N.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: English
• Опубліковано: V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of NAS of Ukraine 2025
• Теми: компроміс; багатокритеріальна оптимізація; системний підхід; обмеження; скалярна згортка
• Онлайн доступ: https://jais.net.ua/index.php/files/article/view/463
• Назва журналу: Problems of Control and Informatics

The problem of constructing a system for developing a compromise solution for subjects with different goals is considered. The problem is solved within the framework of a systematic approach. The decomposition procedures and composition of partial criteria in multicriteria decision-making problems are described. A compromise solution is obtained by extremizing the scalar convolution of partial criteria, reflecting the degree which the goals of the subjects are achieved. The fundamental role of constraints in optimization problems is shown. The types of scalar convolutions used in multicriteria problems are described. The concept of a nonlinear compromise scheme is formulated, based on the principle «away from restrictions». Extremization of the objective function leads to a general compromise solution, which to the greatest extent removes partial criteria from its limitations. On a single ideological basis, both tasks that are important for general use and those whose main substantive essence is the satisfaction of the individual preferences of the decision maker (DM) are solved. The apparatus of a nonlinear compromise scheme, designed as a formalized tool for studying decision-making and control systems with conflicting criteria, allows one to practically solve multicriteria problems of a wide class. Multicriteria is the embodiment of the principle of complementarity in the methodology of the study of complex systems. In general, the simultaneous description of a phenomenon (object) from several sides always gives a qualitatively new, more perfect idea of the described phenomenon (object) in comparison with any «one-sided» description. So, even two flat images forming a stereo pair make up a three-dimensional image of an object, not to mention the possibilities of holography. A multi-criteria approach, giving a “stereoscopic” look at assessing the functioning of the system, opens up new paths for improving complex control systems and decision making. For a holistic perception of a complex system in different conditions of its operation, it is necessary to apply a multi-criteria approach.