МАТЕМАТИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ ІМУННОЇ СИСТЕМИ СПОРТСМЕНА ВИСОКОЇ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ

• Date: 2025
• Main Authors: Aralova, N.I., Shakhlina, L.Ya.–G., Futornyi, S.M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of NAS of Ukraine 2025
• Subjects: математична модель функціональної системи дихання; тренувальний процес спортсменів; імунна система та перетренованість спортсменів
• Online Access: https://jais.net.ua/index.php/files/article/view/646
• Journal Title: Problems of Control and Informatics

In the practice of sports training, chronic physical over-tension of functions of the leading systems of the body, including the immune system, is a consequence of load that are inadequate to the functional capabilities of athlete's body. In the modern sport, incorrect organization of the training process, inadequate individualization, large training and competitive loads exceeding the functional capabilities of the body can lead to overtraining — a pathological state of the athlete's body, which leads to a state of over-tension of the functions of the body's systems, including the system of nonspecific protection of the organism and immunity . In the process of intense physical and psycho-emotional stress, chronic overstrain of the immune system — immunodeficiency states — manifests itself in an increase in the susceptibility of the athlete's body to genetically alien factors, in particular infections. Changes in the functions of the immune system in persons engaged in physical education and sports have a dose-dependent effect: maximum physical activity depresses the functions of the immune system, while optimal ones normalize and stimulate them. There is also an inverse relationship: impairment of the immune system may be one of the leading factors limiting the performance of an athlete. Therefore, in the practice of professional sport, a task of optimizing process of choosing training loads, one of the solutions to which is simulation is relevant. The purpose of this work is to construct a mathematical model of a high-skilled athlete's immune system. For the study of overtraining — a pathological state of an athlete's body that results in a state of over-tension of functions of the organism's systems, including immune systems, a mathematical model of a high-skilled athlete's immune system is proposed. This mathematical model includes models of mass transfer and mass exchange of respiratory gases in the dynamics of the respiratory cycle, functional self-respiration, the development of immunodeficiency states, temperature equations. The peculiarities of the proposed model are the consideration of the peculiarities of an athlete of high qualification in the form of automatic selection of blood flow corresponding to short-term, medium-term or long-term adaptation.