MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE
Among the various automation units used in pneumatic–hydraulic systems of rocket hardware, check valves are widely employed. They are most commonly used in the filling lines of different tanks and in the pressurization lines of launch vehicle propellant tanks, where they prevent reverse flow and the...
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2025
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Technical Mechanics| id |
oai:ojs2.journal-itm.dp.ua:article-151 |
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ojs |
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Technical Mechanics |
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| datestamp_date |
2025-12-12T21:13:00Z |
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OJS |
| topic_facet |
liquid rocket engine branched reconfigurable feed system check valve mathematical modeling CFD analysis fluid flow force engine startup. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
CHERNIAVSKYI, O. S. DOLGOPOLOV, S. I. SHEVCHENKO, S. A. |
| spellingShingle |
CHERNIAVSKYI, O. S. DOLGOPOLOV, S. I. SHEVCHENKO, S. A. MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE |
| author_facet |
CHERNIAVSKYI, O. S. DOLGOPOLOV, S. I. SHEVCHENKO, S. A. |
| author_sort |
CHERNIAVSKYI, O. S. |
| title |
MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE |
| title_short |
MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE |
| title_full |
MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE |
| title_fullStr |
MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE |
| title_full_unstemmed |
MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE |
| title_sort |
modeling of the check valve operation in the reconfigurable hydraulic feed system of a liquid rocket engine |
| description |
Among the various automation units used in pneumatic–hydraulic systems of rocket hardware, check valves are widely employed. They are most commonly used in the filling lines of different tanks and in the pressurization lines of launch vehicle propellant tanks, where they prevent reverse flow and the ingress of vapors into the pressurization system. In liquid rocket engines (LREs), check valves are installed in drainage lines and in inert gas purging circuits. Particular attention is given to the use of check valves in reconfigurable hydraulic systems, in which the flow direction changes during the LRE operation. The goal of this study is to develop a mathematical model of dynamic processes in a check valve, verify it using CFD simulations of the pressure distribution over the valve poppet surface, and apply it to the analysis of transient processes in a reconfigurable hydraulic system. To determine the flow force acting on the valve poppet, this paper proposes an approach in the lumped-parameter approximation based on the flow rate balance of the working fluid in the valve flow passage. The model considers the radial inflow at the valve inlet, which depends on the poppet travel, and the peripheral flow through the narrow clearance between the valve body and the poppet. To implement this approach, it is sufficient to know the valve geometry and the discharge coefficients, which are assumed to be constant. For a reconfigurable propellant feed system containing check valves, a mathematical model of low-frequency dynamic processes was developed, and transient processes during the LRE startup were simulated. During the startup, the propellant feed of the LRE gas generator is automatically switched by the check valves from the start tank supply to the pump supply. Transient processes were simulated for the flow force acting on the check valve poppet determined using CFD simulation and the lumped-parameter approximation. A satisfactory agreement between the results of these two approaches was demonstrated. The possibility of using the proposed lumped-parameter approximation to determine the flow force acting on the check valve poppet was justified, thus enabling the development of mathematical models of dynamic processes in reconfigurable hydraulic systems without resorting to computationally expensive CFD simulations.
REFERENCES
1. Sutton G. P., Biblarz O. Rocket Propulsion Elements. 9th ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2017. 800 pp.
2. Huze D. K., Huang D. H. Design of Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines. NASA SP 125. Washington: NASA, 1971. 472 pp.
3. Cherniavskyi O. S., Chevchenko S. A., Dolgopolov S. I. Mathematical modeling of the dynamic processes during check valve operation in the branched reconfigurable system of a liquid rocket engine. Aerospace Technic and Technology. 2025. No. 4. Special Iss. 2. Pp. 93-101.
4. Pylypenko O., Dolgopolov S., Nikolayev O., Khoriak N., Kvasha Yu., Bashliy I. Determination of the thrust spread in the Cyclone-4M first stage multi-engine propulsion system during its start. Science and Innovation. 2022. V. 18. No. 6. Pp. 97-112.
5. Koptilyy D., Marchan R., Dolgopolov S., Nikolayev O. Mathematical modeling of transient processes during start-up of main liquid propellant engine under hot test conditions. Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), Madrid, Spain, 1-4 July 2019. 15 pp.
6. Kobielski M. J., Skarka W., Skarka M. Comparison of pressure loss evaluation fidelity in turbulent energy dissipation models of poppet check valves using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Technical Sciences, 2024. V. 27. Pp. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.31648/ts.9732
7. Filo G., Lisowski E., Rajda J. Design and flow analysis of an adjustable check valve by means of CFD method. Energies. 2021. V. 14. No. 8. 2237. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14082237
8. Klas R., Habán V., Rudolf P. Analysis of in line check valve with respect to the pipeline dynamics. EPJ Web of Conferences. 2017. V. 143. 02051. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714302051
9. Lang S. A review of check valves in unsteady flow. Proceedings of the 2024 ASME Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference, V003T04A001.
10. Domagała M., Fabis Domagała J. A. Review of the CFD method in the modeling of flow forces. Energies. 2023. V. 16. No. 16. 6059. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16166059
11. Pusztai T., Siménfalvi Z. CFD analysis on a direct spring loaded safety valve to determine flow forces. Pollack Periodica. 2021. V. 16. No. 1. Pp. 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.00122
12. Zong C., Zheng F., Chen D., Dempster W., Song X. CFD analysis of the flow force exerted on the disc of a direct operated pressure safety valve in energy system. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 2020. V. 142. No. 1. 011702. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045131
13. Finesso R., Rundo M. Numerical and experimental investigation on a conical poppet relief valve with flow force compensation. International Journal of Fluid Power. 2017. V. 18. No. Pp. 111-122.https://doi.org/10.1080/14399776.2017.1296740
14. Wu D., Li S., Wu P. CFD simulation of flow pressure characteristics of a pressure control valve for automotive fuel supply system. Energy Conversion and Management. 2015. V. 101. Pp. 410-419.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.06.025
15. Lisowski E., Rajda J. Analysis of the design of a poppet valve by transitory simulation. Energies. 2019. V. 12. No. 5. 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050889
16. Marchan R. A. Small-scale supersonic combustion chamber with a gas-dynamic ignition system. Combustion Science and Technology. 2011. V. 183. No. 11. Pp. 1236-1265.https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2011.589874
17. Marchan R., Oleshchenko A., Vekilov S., Arsenuk M., Bobrov O. 3D printed acoustic igniter of oxygen-kerosene mixtures for aerospace applications. Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), Madrid, Spain, 1-4 July 2019. 14 pp.
18. Raman, G., Srinivasan, K. The powered resonance tube: From Hartmann's discovery to current active flow control applications. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2009. V. 45. No. 4 5. Pp. 97-123.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2009.05.001
19. Guillon M. Hydraulic Servo Systems: Analysis and Design. Butterworth, 1969. 462 pp.
20.Habing R. A., Peters M. C. A. M. An experimental method for validating compressor valve vibration theory. Journal of Fluids and Structures. 2006. V. 22. No. 5. Pp. 683-697.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2006.03.003 |
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текст 3 |
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2025 |
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https://journal-itm.dp.ua/ojs/index.php/ITM_j1/article/view/151 |
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oai:ojs2.journal-itm.dp.ua:article-1512025-12-12T21:13:00Z MODELING OF THE CHECK VALVE OPERATION IN THE RECONFIGURABLE HYDRAULIC FEED SYSTEM OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE CHERNIAVSKYI, O. S. DOLGOPOLOV, S. I. SHEVCHENKO, S. A. liquid rocket engine, branched reconfigurable feed system, check valve, mathematical modeling, CFD analysis, fluid flow force, engine startup. Among the various automation units used in pneumatic–hydraulic systems of rocket hardware, check valves are widely employed. They are most commonly used in the filling lines of different tanks and in the pressurization lines of launch vehicle propellant tanks, where they prevent reverse flow and the ingress of vapors into the pressurization system. In liquid rocket engines (LREs), check valves are installed in drainage lines and in inert gas purging circuits. Particular attention is given to the use of check valves in reconfigurable hydraulic systems, in which the flow direction changes during the LRE operation. The goal of this study is to develop a mathematical model of dynamic processes in a check valve, verify it using CFD simulations of the pressure distribution over the valve poppet surface, and apply it to the analysis of transient processes in a reconfigurable hydraulic system. To determine the flow force acting on the valve poppet, this paper proposes an approach in the lumped-parameter approximation based on the flow rate balance of the working fluid in the valve flow passage. The model considers the radial inflow at the valve inlet, which depends on the poppet travel, and the peripheral flow through the narrow clearance between the valve body and the poppet. To implement this approach, it is sufficient to know the valve geometry and the discharge coefficients, which are assumed to be constant. For a reconfigurable propellant feed system containing check valves, a mathematical model of low-frequency dynamic processes was developed, and transient processes during the LRE startup were simulated. During the startup, the propellant feed of the LRE gas generator is automatically switched by the check valves from the start tank supply to the pump supply. Transient processes were simulated for the flow force acting on the check valve poppet determined using CFD simulation and the lumped-parameter approximation. A satisfactory agreement between the results of these two approaches was demonstrated. The possibility of using the proposed lumped-parameter approximation to determine the flow force acting on the check valve poppet was justified, thus enabling the development of mathematical models of dynamic processes in reconfigurable hydraulic systems without resorting to computationally expensive CFD simulations. REFERENCES 1. Sutton G. P., Biblarz O. Rocket Propulsion Elements. 9th ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2017. 800 pp. 2. Huze D. K., Huang D. H. Design of Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines. NASA SP 125. Washington: NASA, 1971. 472 pp. 3. Cherniavskyi O. S., Chevchenko S. A., Dolgopolov S. I. Mathematical modeling of the dynamic processes during check valve operation in the branched reconfigurable system of a liquid rocket engine. Aerospace Technic and Technology. 2025. No. 4. Special Iss. 2. Pp. 93-101. 4. Pylypenko O., Dolgopolov S., Nikolayev O., Khoriak N., Kvasha Yu., Bashliy I. Determination of the thrust spread in the Cyclone-4M first stage multi-engine propulsion system during its start. Science and Innovation. 2022. V. 18. No. 6. Pp. 97-112. 5. Koptilyy D., Marchan R., Dolgopolov S., Nikolayev O. Mathematical modeling of transient processes during start-up of main liquid propellant engine under hot test conditions. Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), Madrid, Spain, 1-4 July 2019. 15 pp. 6. Kobielski M. J., Skarka W., Skarka M. Comparison of pressure loss evaluation fidelity in turbulent energy dissipation models of poppet check valves using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Technical Sciences, 2024. V. 27. Pp. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.31648/ts.9732 7. Filo G., Lisowski E., Rajda J. Design and flow analysis of an adjustable check valve by means of CFD method. Energies. 2021. V. 14. No. 8. 2237. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14082237 8. Klas R., Habán V., Rudolf P. Analysis of in line check valve with respect to the pipeline dynamics. EPJ Web of Conferences. 2017. V. 143. 02051. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714302051 9. Lang S. A review of check valves in unsteady flow. Proceedings of the 2024 ASME Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference, V003T04A001. 10. Domagała M., Fabis Domagała J. A. Review of the CFD method in the modeling of flow forces. Energies. 2023. V. 16. No. 16. 6059. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16166059 11. Pusztai T., Siménfalvi Z. CFD analysis on a direct spring loaded safety valve to determine flow forces. Pollack Periodica. 2021. V. 16. No. 1. Pp. 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.00122 12. Zong C., Zheng F., Chen D., Dempster W., Song X. CFD analysis of the flow force exerted on the disc of a direct operated pressure safety valve in energy system. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 2020. V. 142. No. 1. 011702. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045131 13. Finesso R., Rundo M. Numerical and experimental investigation on a conical poppet relief valve with flow force compensation. International Journal of Fluid Power. 2017. V. 18. No. Pp. 111-122.https://doi.org/10.1080/14399776.2017.1296740 14. Wu D., Li S., Wu P. CFD simulation of flow pressure characteristics of a pressure control valve for automotive fuel supply system. Energy Conversion and Management. 2015. V. 101. Pp. 410-419.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.06.025 15. Lisowski E., Rajda J. Analysis of the design of a poppet valve by transitory simulation. Energies. 2019. V. 12. No. 5. 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050889 16. Marchan R. A. Small-scale supersonic combustion chamber with a gas-dynamic ignition system. Combustion Science and Technology. 2011. V. 183. No. 11. Pp. 1236-1265.https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2011.589874 17. Marchan R., Oleshchenko A., Vekilov S., Arsenuk M., Bobrov O. 3D printed acoustic igniter of oxygen-kerosene mixtures for aerospace applications. Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), Madrid, Spain, 1-4 July 2019. 14 pp. 18. Raman, G., Srinivasan, K. The powered resonance tube: From Hartmann's discovery to current active flow control applications. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2009. V. 45. No. 4 5. Pp. 97-123.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2009.05.001 19. Guillon M. Hydraulic Servo Systems: Analysis and Design. Butterworth, 1969. 462 pp. 20.Habing R. A., Peters M. C. A. M. An experimental method for validating compressor valve vibration theory. Journal of Fluids and Structures. 2006. V. 22. No. 5. Pp. 683-697.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2006.03.003 текст 3 2025-12-11 Article Article https://journal-itm.dp.ua/ojs/index.php/ITM_j1/article/view/151 Technical Mechanics; No. 4 (2025): Technical Mechanics; 19-30 Институт технической механики Национальной академии наук Украины и Государственного космического агентства Украины; № 4 (2025): Technical Mechanics; 19-30 ТЕХНІЧНА МЕХАНІКА; № 4 (2025): ТЕХНІЧНА МЕХАНІКА; 19-30 Copyright (c) 2025 Technical Mechanics |