Встановлення необхідного співвідношення компонентів шихтових матеріалів для виплавки легованої сталі 35ХМЛ

• Date: 2023
• Main Authors: Костик, К. О., Акімов, О. В., Емхіммід Алі, Рухоума Алі, Терентьєв, Д. П., Заітер, Алі Алріда
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Physical-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine 2023
• Subjects: шихтові матеріали; угар; легована сталь; виливки; феросплави
• Online Access: https://plit-periodical.org.ua/index.php/plit/article/view/determination-required-ratio-components-charge-materials-smeltin
• Journal Title: Casting Processes

National Technical University «Kharkov Polytechnic Institute» (Kharkiv, Ukraine) UDK 669:624.21.4.015 The main task of the steelmaking process is to obtain liquid steel of a given chemical composition with certain physic-chemical and casting properties, with minimal time, materials and energy resources. The peculiarity of the calculation of the charge for steel melting is associated with the great versatility of steelmaking units, the variety of melting methods and a wide range of changes in physical and chemical processes during melting. The vast majority of the elements that make up the resulting steel are not equally oxidized by the melting periods. During the periods of melting and oxidation, these elements burn out more strongly than in the process of finishing and deoxidation. The duration of individual melting periods, especially the initial ones, can vary significantly depending on the quality of the charge materials and on the melting technology. The absolute content of elements in steel is also of great importance. Therefore, even when melting steel in the same furnace, there may be different technological options, and the carbon monoxide of the elements can vary widely. The average value of the carbon monoxide of the elements is a hard-to-determine and approximate characteristic of the behavior of the elements during the melting process. It is not always possible to calculate it by the coefficient of assimilation of elements from charge materials, since the relative amounts of the charge components are not known. Therefore, the aim of the work is to establish the necessary ratio of the components of the charge materials for the production of 35CrMo alloy steel in an induction crucible furnace of the ITP-4,5 type for casting a gear ring. To achieve this goal, the calculations of the charge for steel smelting were carried out according to the Excel program in the following sequence: the components of the charge, their composition and consumption rates were selected, where the average values of the components in the charge were taken into account, namely, the return of own production, steel bags, steel chips, cast iron, steel scrap, ferroalloys; the number of components and the carbon content in the charge, the number of elements that are introduced with the components of the charge; the mass of the main elements and impurities that are introduced with ferroalloys were determined; the content of the main components in the steel was checked. It is shown that the resulting alloy has the necessary chemical composition, which provides the proper performance characteristics of the casting.   References 1 Doroshenko, V. S. (2018). Foundry as an environment for nature-like technologies. [Litejnoe proizvodstvo kak sreda dlya prirodopodobnyh tehnologij.] Casting and metallurgy, (2 (91)). [in Russian].2 Shibaev, E. V., Kechin, V. A. (2019). Promising technologies of melting and casting in the manufacture of shaped castings. [Perspektivnye tehnologii plavki i litya pri izgotovlenii fasonnyh otlivok.] Redakcionnaya kollegiya, 123. [in Russian].3 Levshin, G. E., Malyshev, I. V. (2016). About induction crucible furnaces and melting. [Ob indukcionnyh tigelnyh pechah i plavke.] Procurement production in mechanical engineering, (3), 7–13. [in Russian].4 Bulgakova, A., Baranov, V., Gilmanshina, T., & Stepanova, T. (2019). Fundamentals of obtaining castings from alloys based on iron. [Osnovy polucheniya otlivok iz splavov na osnove zheleza.] Litres. [in Russian].5 Gilmanshina, T. R., Bulgakova, A. I., & Belyaev, S. V. (2012). Statistical methods of quality control of foundry products.. [in Russian].6 Kostyk, K. O., Akimov, O. V., & Ostroverkhova, K. V. (2020). Investigation of electromagnetic parameters of induction crucible furnace with lump loading of charge for smelting steel35L. [Doslidzhennia elektromahnitnykh parametriv induktsiinoi tyhelnoi pechi z kuskovym zavantazhenniam shykhty dlia vyplavky stali 35L.] Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Technologies in Mechanical Engineering. [Visnyk Natsionalnoho tekhnichnoho universytetu «KhPI». Seriia: Tekhnolohii v mashynobuduvanni], (2), 85–92. [in Ukrainian].7 Kostik, V. O. (2014). Historical aspects of the iron-cementite diagram. [Istoricheskie aspekty diagrammy zhelezo-cementit.] Technology Audit and Production Reserves, (1 (3)), 17–19. [in Russian].8 Sundus, M. A., Akimov, O., & Kostyk, K. (2017). Development of an iron-based alloy with a high degree of shape recovery. Eastern European Journal of Advanced Technology, (3/12), 87. [in English].