ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ТА МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРИГОТУВАННЯ Й МОДИФІКУВАННЯ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНИХ АЛЮМІНІЄВИХ СПЛАВІВ: Procesi littâ, 2025, Vol 2 (160), 20-31

• Datum: 2025
• Hauptverfasser: Ворон, М.М., Ремізов, Д.О., Кивгило, Б.В., Кривик, О.В., Баранцев, К.А.
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: Ukrainian
• Veröffentlicht: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Physical-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine 2025
• Schlagworte: алюмінієві сплави; приготування розплаву; модифікування; фазоутворення; нові ливарні матеріали
• Online Zugang: https://plit-periodical.org.ua/index.php/plit/article/view/277
• Назва журналу: Casting Processes

The manuscript considers some important theoretical information and practical methods for obtaining experimental aluminum alloys. Examples of recent trends in the development of lightweight aluminum alloys with a high content of magnesium and lithium are shown. In conditions of industrial preparation, it is necessary to use special fluxes, the simplest of which is a mixture of NaCl and KCl in equal proportions, or with the addition of 10% NaF or cryolite Na3AlF6. Such fluxes are widely used and they can effectively refine and protect the melts of most aluminum alloys, in particular those containing up to 5 wt.% of magnesium. For the strongest protection of the melt surface and for alloys containing an increased amount of magnesium and lithium, it is advisable to use mixtures of LiF and LiCl or KCl and LiCl in approximately equal proportions. Another important aspect of obtaining experimental aluminum alloys is their multicomponent modification. Experience in implementing such solutions shows the advantage of using binary single-component rapidly crystallized master alloys. A particularly strong effect is observed for systems of the Al-V and Al-Mo type, in which modifying intermetallic phases can be in a non-equilibrium state. After adding into aluminum melts, they are prone to rapid dissolution and effective absorption. Using the Al-12Ti-8Zr addition, for example, shows that the use of complex multicomponent master alloys can be ineffective. The intermetallics in them are complex, poorly soluble, and have predominantly large sizes. Their dissolution in aluminum alloys with a significant silicon content can be incomplete due to the formation of silicide layers. By using the example of the experimental Al-5Ni-12La casting alloy with nanoscale fibrous eutectic, it is shown that the formation of the structure cannot always be predicted by using the phase diagram. It is shown that the intermetallic eutectic components of Al3Ni manage to grow with slight overheating of the melt, in contrast to the higher-temperature Al3La11 phase. This effect is associated with a much higher diffusion coefficient of nickel in aluminum. To level out the uneven phase formation, it is necessary to increase the superheat of the melt.