Біонічний підхід до виготовлення литих легковагих металоконструкцій для будівництва споруд модульного типу

• Дата: 2022
• Автори: Шинський, О. Й., Калюжний, П. Б., Дорошенко, В. С.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Physical-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine 2022
• Теми: будівельні металоконструкції; модульні конструкції; моделювання; структури природи; виливки; біоніка; лиття за моделями; що газифікуються
• Онлайн доступ: https://plit-periodical.org.ua/index.php/plit/article/view/bionic-approach-manufacture-cast-lightweight-metal-structures-co
• Назва журналу: Casting Processes

УДК 621.74.045: 624.014.2 Prefab modular building metal structures have several advantages, especially for reuse, compared to building structures made of concrete and wood. Analysis of the structure of the cost of such metal structures and their installation proved that the most effective way to reduce their cost is to reduce metal consumption. Unlike welded for bolted structures, installation is simplified and bolted connections provide the possibility of disassembling the structure with transportation to another place, which is important for hangars, warehouses that change location. Casting of lightweight metal structures can help increase the potential for new and rapid construction. For this, the most suitable method is the Lost Foam Casting (LFC) process in vacuum molds made of loose sand. No other casting method can compete with LFC in the production of frame-bearing structures of complex geometry. Examples of the optimization of metal structures by imitating the structures of nature, in particular biological and DNA structures, as a bionic approach to the design of man-made metal products are considered. Framework and cellular spatial materials obtained by the LFC method expand the existing range of properties compared to compact materials. And the described cast materials based on analogues from the macro- and micro-world of nature and on prefab models will simplify the design and production of frame lightweight products, which are classified as "materials of the future". Ukraine receives metal from its own ores and is able to transform it into a high-tech, knowledge-intensive product in the form of machines, mechanisms and building structures. The technological direction of borrowing the structural properties of natural materials is studied not only for copying them, but also for obtaining new materials and structures with optimization for specific mechanisms or buildings, promoting the use of metal structures as an effective solution in the construction industry during the reconstruction of the country.   References 1. Current end-of-life scenarios for three common construction materials. The free encyclopedia for UK steel construction information. URL: https://www.steelconstruction.info/Life_cycle_assessment_and_embodied_ca....2. Doroshenko V. S., Yanchenko O. B. (2022) Prerequisites for production of connectors-nodes of building metal structures by casting method according to one-off models. Suchasni tehnologiyi, materiali i konstrukciyi v budivnictvi. Tom 32. № 1. P. 14–20. [in Ukrainian].3. Landage M. G., Kumbhar S. (2019) Lost Foam Casting technology – Review Paper. International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology, pp. 1–6.4. Centre Pompidou Construction. URL: http://hotcore.info/kareff-07079.html5. Design of metal structures. Ch. 1. / S. M. Tihonov, V. N. Alehin, Z. V. Belyaeva et al. M.: Izdatelstvo «Pero», 2020. 468 c. [in Russian].6. Patent of Ukraine no. 83447. IPC: В22С7/00, В22С 9/00. Foundry disposable model / O. Y. Shinskij, V. S. Doroshenko. Publ. 10.07.2008, Bull. no. 13. [in Ukrainian].7. Vernadsky V. I. (1975) Reflections of a naturalist. Space and time in inanimate and living nature. M.: Nauka. 220 p. [in Russian].8. Doroshenko V. S. (2011) New Possibilities of Developing of the Lost Foam Casting Process / Revista de Turnatorie. Рart I. № 3–4. P. 14–16. Рart II. № 5–6. P. 20–22.9. Mandelbrot B. B. (1983). The fractal geometry of nature. New York: Freеman and Co., 540 p.10. Patent of Ukraine no. 90494. IPC: В22D 7/00, В22D 23/00, В22D 25/00. Spatial metal casting / O. Y. Shinskij, V. S. Doroshenko. Publ. 2010, Bull. no. 9. [in Ukrainian].11. Doroshenko V. S. (2010). Problems of designing spatial frame castings and patterns for Lost Foam Casting. Metall i lite Ukrainy. No. 8, pp. 24–28. [in Russian].12. Patent of Ukraine no. 81011. IPC: В22С 7/02, В22С 9/04. Foundry disposable model / O.Y. Shinskij, V. S. Doroshenko. Publ. 25.06.2013, Bull. no. 12. [in Ukrainian].13. Doroshenko V. S. (2014). Reproduction of nature structures as a method for obtaining resource-saving metal structures. Visnik Donbaskoyi derzh. mashinobudivnoyi akademiyi. No. 1 (32), pp. 43–49. [in Russian].