Сучасні уявлення про мікронеоднорідну будову металевих розплавів (огляд)

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Верховлюк, А. М., Щерецький, О. А.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Physical-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine 2023
• Теми: мікронеоднорідність; металічний розплав; моделі; аморфні сплави
• Онлайн доступ: https://plit-periodical.org.ua/index.php/plit/article/view/modern-ideas-about-micronhomogeneous-structure-metal-melts-overv
• Назва журналу: Casting Processes

УДК 669-154 The review examines the question of modern ideas about the structure of metal melts in a wide temperature-concentration interval. The existing theories and models of their micro-inhomogeneous structure, namely quasi-chemical, cluster, and colloid, are presented. The quasi-chemical theory takes into account the arrangement of atoms in a metallic liquid, i.e., it is believed that the probability of atoms of the 1st and 2nd grade in one of the two neighboring places is different. It is based on comparing the probabilities of different ways of filling neighboring places. A cluster is a microgrouping of atoms that preserve a certain close-range order in their mutual arrangement and which are united by a general oscillatory movement of the entire grouping and at the same time half connected at any moment with the entire mass of matter in a given volume. Elements of disorder in this model of metal melts are introduced by the movement of activated atoms, thermal fluctuations, and diffusion displacements of clusters, which are associated with the movement of clusters, periodic formations and closing of intercluster gaps, and relaxation displacements of atoms in the middle of clusters, which are associated with thermal fluctuations. The colloidal modelwas formulated to explain the micro-heterogeneity of eutectic systems. According to this theory, the microheterogeneity observed after melting the sample is due to the long-term existence of microregions in the melt, which are a legacy of the chemically inhomogeneous initial casting, which is enriched with various components. These regions are considered as dispersed particles and the melt is considered as a microheterogeneous system consisting of dispersed and dispersed phases. 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