Кваліфікація удосконаленого ядерного палива

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Ovdiienko, Yu., Shevchenko, I., Gumenyuk, D., Pecherytsia, O., Ieremenko, M., Shepitchak, А., Kondratiuk, V.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety 2023
• Онлайн доступ: https://nuclear-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1051
• Назва журналу: Nuclear and Radiation Safety

The article presents an in-depth literature review to analyze various advanced nuclear fuel concepts and identifies their potential advantages and disadvantages. In general, such up-to-date concepts as Accident Tolerant Fuels, High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium, and TRri-structural ISOtropic Fuels are covered. Particular attention is paid to ensuring stable behavior of materials under conditions of severe exposure, development of nuclear materials that can withstand higher levels of radiation load in improved fuel rods and new advanced reactors, nuclear design, ability of fuel to perform its functions in emergency conditions, aspects of fuel management, as well as aspects of its qualification. To assess compliance with the safety criteria in the implementation of advanced fuels, the article briefly describes the top-down fuel assessment approach developed by the Working Group on the Safety of Advanced Reactors of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development of the Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD NEA), which is based on existing regulatory requirements, guidelines and experience on safety analyzes of nuclear fuel operation in light water reactors and other reactor types. The article analyzes the prospects and challenges of introducing advanced nuclear fuel at Ukrainian NPPs, taking into account the process of diversifying nuclear fuel supplies, joint intentions of the State Enterprise “National Nuclear Energy Generating Company Energoatom” and Westinghouse Company to construct AP1000 reactors at Khmelnytsky NPP Units 5 and 6 and the latest Westinghouse developments towards the use of fuel pellets for pressurized water reactors.