Розробка розрахункової моделі зовнішнього обтікання нового безпечного конфайнмента ЧАЕС

• Дата: 2023
• Автори: Krukovsky, P., Diadiushko, Ye., Skliarenko, D.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety 2023
• Онлайн доступ: https://nuclear-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1059
• Назва журналу: Nuclear and Radiation Safety

To determine the thermogas-dynamic and radiation conditions of such a facility as the New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, it is necessary to know the distribution of wind pressure on its outer surface. In particular, such a distribution is necessary to determine the existing uncontrolled air exchange with radioactive aerosols (RA) between the NSC (outside or inside) and the surrounding environment, whose consideration allows characterization of the radiation state both inside the NSC and outside on the ChNPP industrial site. The only existing data on the distribution of wind pressure on the outer surface of the NSC were obtained in 2009 [1] with the help of a physical experiment on an NSC small-scale (1:300) physical (material) model in a wind tunnel, which were analyzed for compliance with the literature data on the external flow of civil structures, in particular of arch type. The analysis results showed errors in determining the distribution of wind pressure on the outer surface of the NSC small-scale physical model, which introduces an error in the calculations of the uncontrolled air exchange between the NSC (outside or inside) and the surrounding environment. The article presents an original three-dimensional computer full-scale (1:1) CFD model of the external flow around the NSC and the infrastructure near it to determine the distribution of pressure on the NSC surface at different wind directions and speed, which, according to the authors, is more accurate than an NSC small-scale physical model without infrastructure. The adequacy of the computer model for the NSC flow is confirmed by the closeness of the calculation and literature data, as well as the data of the European Standard for wind loads on civil structures. With the help of the developed model, dependences of average pressure values (every 10° out of 360° of wind direction) were formed at a speed of 3.8 m/s for the surfaces of the western, eastern and cylindrical parts of the NSC outer shell, as well as in the places of leaks under the western and eastern walls of the NSC and in the section of the sheathing of the ventilation shaft for the auxiliary systems of the reactor compartment (ASRC). The model can also be used to analyze and forecast RA emissions and distribution from the NSC into the surrounding environment of the ChNPP industrial site.