Дослідження потреб регулюючої бази для ліцензування інноваційних ядерних установок в межах проєкту HARMONISE

• Дата: 2024
• Автори: Kukhotskyi, O., Shyshuta, A., Bakanov, V., Serhiienko, O., Ligotskyy, O., Gumenyuk, D.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety 2024
• Онлайн доступ: https://nuclear-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1129
• Назва журналу: Nuclear and Radiation Safety

Currently, the global nuclear industry is intensively developing and designing new nuclear facilities, such as small modular reactors, innovative nuclear fission (Generation IV) and fusion facilities. It is expected that those innovative nuclear facilities will create new challenges for the current licensing process. Thus, the international community is tasked with the review of existing approaches (including the regulatory framework), incorporation of new concepts and provision of sufficient capabilities to ensure the safety of such facilities. The first step is to identify the needs for licensing of innovative nuclear facilities and create a harmonised and comprehensive licensing system for them. To this end, the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) has initiated a number of research programs. HARMONISE is a project implemented within the framework of the Euratom Research and Training Program (2021–2025), which studies the issue on the harmonization of licensing for future nuclear energy technologies in Europe during research and cooperation aimed at standardizing nuclear safety regulation in the EU. The main tasks of HARMONISE are: (1) analyze preliminary safety assessments of innovative nuclear fission and fusion facilities; (2) study the needs for licensing of innovative nuclear facilities; (3) study risk-based approaches used in licensing and regulatory decision-making; (4) determine the border of harmonization and standardization for evaluations of components, methodologies, regulations and standards; (5) study previous experience in harmonization. The State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety (SSTC NRS) participates in 4 work packages out of 6: WP1: work with stakeholders for effective communication and engagement to collect input and output data of the project, WP2: analysis of licensing needs of innovative nuclear facilities, WP3: development of a technological, risk-informed regulatory framework, and WP5: dissemination, use and communication. This article is a presentation of the current results from SSTC NRS work within the framework of the WP2 package. The main task of the WP2 package is the development of recommendations for a general approach and adaptation of the existing licensing process for nuclear facilities to a harmonized one, which will cover the features of innovative projects of nuclear fission and fusion facilities. Activities under the package consist of three stages – (1) review of the safety and features of such facilities, study with regard to the applicability of existing requirements and recommendations, (2) identification of common approaches to licensing of nuclear facilities in participating countries and the IAEA, and (3) development of recommendations for the harmonization of the existing licensing process for nuclear facilities.