Схема класифікації радіоактивних відходів для забезпечення довгострокової безпеки захоронення

• Дата: 2014
• Автори: Proskura, N., Shestopalov, V., Zinkevich, L., Shybetskyi, Yu., Alekseieva, Z., Zhebrovskaia, E.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety 2014
• Онлайн доступ: https://nuclear-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/434
• Назва журналу: Nuclear and Radiation Safety

The objective of this paper is to familiarize the stakeholders with suggestions elaborated within INSC Project U4.01/08-C to update the radioactive waste classification for disposal purposes. The suggestions are based on analysis of Ukrainian radioactive waste management practices, laws and regulations in force and experience of countries with developed nuclear industry in the introduction of new classification approaches for radioactive waste disposal in different repositories. The suggested classification divides radioactive waste into classes to meet the requirements for disposal in repositories of four various types: surface repository (landfill-type facilities with limited regulatory control), near-surface repository with a system of engineered barriers, underground repository located at intermediate depths and deep geological repository. According to Ukrainian legislation, there is no prohibition on radioactive waste disposal in repositories of these types. In this regard, radioactive waste is suggested to be divided into the following classes: non-radioactive waste, natural radioactive materials (NORM), very low-level waste (VLLW), low-level waste (LLW), intermediate-level waste (ILW), high-level waste (HLW) and spent radiation sources (SRS). The authors propose approaches to determine criteria for differentiation of the classes presented in the updated classification. The updated classification is shown to provide considerable saving of efforts since radioactive waste is classified according to optimum methods of disposal and types of repositories. The economic benefit has been calculated. Steps for introduction of the updated classification into practice of radioactive waste management in Ukraine have been planned.