Очищення водних розчинів від солей та радіонуклідів

• Datum: 2018
• Hauptverfasser: Gerliga, V., Kravchenko, V., Prityka, I., Ghanem, Hussam
• Format: Artikel
• Sprache: English
• Veröffentlicht: State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety 2018
• Online Zugang: https://nuclear-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/90
• Назва журналу: Nuclear and Radiation Safety

The paper presents the technology of industrial waste purification based on the use of natural mineral bentonite sorbent with a large specific surface area, achieved by a cavitation crushing method, partially up to nanosize particles. The possibility for the purification of liquid radioactive waste (LRW) is shown by the example of floor drains with a significant content of salts, as well as organic mineral oils and surface-active substances. In addition to sorption of radionuclides, the used nanostructured sorbent has the ability to sorb heavy metals, salts, borates. The proposed technology contains several stages: ultrasonic treatment of ozonized LRW with the addition of sorbent; centrifugation or precipitation of the resulting mixture; obtaining a sorption-crystalline precipitate and condensate by evaporation. The final stage of processing — evaporation and vitrification in detail in this paper are not considered. The research presents the method of purification of actual LRW solutions for subsequent treatment with sorption-crystalline concentrate for vitrification. Coefficient of activity decrease equals to 103. The cost of technology is negligible, because it is based on the use of cheap bentonite. The proposed method can be used also for cleaning general industrial waste.