Відновлення та реконструкція історичної ландшафтної ділянки Східна балка в дендрологічному парку “Олександрія” НАН України

• Дата: 2019
• Автори: Mordatenko, I.L., Doiko, N.M., Dragan, N.V., Silenko, O.V.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: English
• Опубліковано: M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2019
• Онлайн доступ: https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1518
• Назва журналу: Plant Introduction

Objective – to establish the historical past and the current state, to develop measures for restoration and optimization of plantings the landscape area the Eastern Beam of Dendrological Park Olexandria of the NAS of Ukraine. Material and methods. The object of research – key landscape elements, the structure of the landscaping area the Eastern Beam. The methods of complex analysis which were used: historical-analytical, iconographic, full-scale, route surveys. The names of taxa are consistent with the list of “The Plant List”. Results. The Eastern Beam was one of the main landscaped complexes of the household park Alexandria. The structure of the landscape area the Eastern Beam consisted of 13 key elements: architectural structures, waterfalls, ponds, bridge, observation deck, columns, sculptures. “Hetman Pavilion”, bridge over the beam, Column Helmet Bagration are lost on the area as at 2016. The contours of the area Eastern Beam have changed, the erosion of the slopes has increased, the source has become muddy, which fell into the Dzerkalnyi pond. There are no archival materials on the species composition of vegetation in the time of Branitskys’ family. The analysis of the scientific documentation and the remnants of the compositions revealed that there were landscape compositions from Pinus sylvestris L. and Larix decidua Mill. on the study area. The major part of the right part of the beam occupied deciduous plantations. At the beginning of the restoration work, the Eastern Beam was a part of the forest type with remnant historical plantations and self-seeded low-value hardwoods. Modern plantings are represented by 31 species of trees and 121 species of grassy plants. The project for restoring the structure and optimization of the Eastern Beam involves earthworks (clearance the remains of the Serpentine shafts fortification the banks of the ponds), sanitary measures (clearing from the winding trees on the banks of the Dzerkalnyi and Laznevyi ponds), restoration of the landscape elements (observation deck). The list of woody and herbaceous plants is suggested for restoration of historical and creation of new landscape compositions and recultivation works. Conclusions. The landscape area the Eastern Beam consisted of 13 key landscape elements. The vegetation of the area was represented by landscape compositions of coniferous plants and natural plantings with domination of Quercus robur L. Natural and anthropogenic factors caused negative changes in the state of coastlines and erosion processes. “Hetman Pavilion”, bridge over the beam, Column Helmet Bagration, observation deck were lost among architectural elements. The tree vegetation has 31 species and it is represented by the remnants of decorative compositions from coniferous plants, part of the oak wood and self-seeded low-value hardwoods. The herbaceous cover consists of 121 species and is degraded with the predominance of aggressive plants with a powerful root system and adventitious species.