Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження
The Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.) is one of two flowering plants native to the Antarctic, and therefore it was intensively studied for decades. However, there is still limited information available about the content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of this plant....
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| author | Bedernichek, T. Loya, V. Parnikoza, I. |
| author_facet | Bedernichek, T. Loya, V. Parnikoza, I. |
| author_sort | Bedernichek, T. |
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| description | The Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.) is one of two flowering plants native to the Antarctic, and therefore it was intensively studied for decades. However, there is still limited information available about the content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of this plant. While being an essential component of most of the terrestrial ecosystems in the maritime Antarctic, the content of nutrients like K, P, and S in the plants of D. antarctica may significantly affect soil properties, especially in such hot spots like rhizosphere and detritosphere. Moreover, the content of toxic elements and trace metals, in particular in the plant, is a principal criterion to evaluate its indicative role, whether or not D. antarctica may be used as a bioindicator to monitor the Antarctica environmental state. In this study, we report the preliminary results about the content of K, P, Ca, S, Mg, Na, Si, Fe, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn, Cu, B, Cr, Ba, V, Pb, Cd, and Co in the leaves of D. antarctica from the natural habitats of the maritime Antarctіс. Dry leaves were digested in nitric acid (closed-vessel microwave digestion). Elemental concentration was measured by ICP-OES technique. The differences within the samples taken from one location were far less notable than between the samples from different locations. Among the biogenic elements, the content of potassium was the most variable – from 12.2 mg·g-1 on Galindez Island to 28.7 mg·g-1 on the Cape Tuxen (Antarctic Peninsula). The content of trace metals also varied considerably between the samples from different locations. The results of this preliminary study suggest that due to the high content of nutrients, leaves of D. antarctica should be considered as an important precursor of soil organic matter, as well as a possible bioindicator. However, future studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results and hypotheses. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2020017 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:39Z |
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Plant Introduction, 85/86, 124–129 (2020)
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of Deschampsia
antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): a preliminary study
Introduction
The Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia
antarctica É. Desv.) is one of two flowering
plants native to the Antarctic, and therefore
it was intensively studied for decades. Most
studies were concerned with D. antarctica
adaptations to the harsh conditions of the
Antarctic and its genetic and molecular
aspects (Gidekel et al., 2003; Chwedorzewska
et al., 2008; Parnikoza, 2019), phylogeography
and evolution (Fowbert & Lewis Smith, 1994;
Chiapella, 2007; Fasanella et al., 2017), in vitro
conservation (Cuba-Díaz et al., 2020).
D. antarctica is a perennial plant with origin
not clearly known yet; however, most of the
studies conclude that Antarctic vascular plant
T. Bedernichek 1*, V. Loya 1, I. Parnikoza 2, 3
1 M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Timiryazevska str. 1, 01014 Kyiv, Ukraine;
* bedernichek@nas.gov.ua
2 National Antarctic Scientific Center of Ukraine, Tarasa Shevchenka blvd. 16, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
3 Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Acad. Zabolotnogo str. 150, 03143 Kyiv,
Ukraine
Received: 06.05.2020 | Accepted: 05.06.2020 | Published: 30.06.2020
Abstract
The Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.) is one of two flowering plants native to the
Antarctic, and therefore it was intensively studied for decades. However, there is still limited information
available about the content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of this plant. While being an
essential component of most of the terrestrial ecosystems in the maritime Antarctic, the content of
nutrients like K, P, and S in the plants of D. antarctica may significantly affect soil properties, especially
in such hot spots like rhizosphere and detritosphere. Moreover, the content of toxic elements and trace
metals, in particular in the plant, is a principal criterion to evaluate its indicative role, whether or not
D. antarctica may be used as a bioindicator to monitor the Antarctica environmental state. In this study,
we report the preliminary results about the content of K, P, Ca, S, Mg, Na, Si, Fe, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn, Cu, B, Cr,
Ba, V, Pb, Cd, and Co in the leaves of D. antarctica from the natural habitats of the maritime Antarctіс.
Dry leaves were digested in nitric acid (closed-vessel microwave digestion). Elemental concentration was
measured by ICP-OES technique. The differences within the samples taken from one location were far less
notable than between the samples from different locations. Among the biogenic elements, the content of
potassium was the most variable – from 12.2 mg·g-1 on Galindez Island to 28.7 mg·g-1 on the Cape Tuxen
(Antarctic Peninsula). The content of trace metals also varied considerably between the samples from
different locations. The results of this preliminary study suggest that due to the high content of nutrients,
leaves of D. antarctica should be considered as an important precursor of soil organic matter, as well as
a possible bioindicator. However, future studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results and
hypotheses.
Keywords: Antarctic hairgrass, nutrients, trace metals, toxic elements
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2020017
UDC 581.192
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-0118
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5450-9433
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0490-8134
Plant Introduction • 85/86 125
Content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of Deschampsia antarctica (Poaceae)
species have reached the Antarctic on a recent
(mid to late Pleistocene) timescale (Parnikoza
et al., 2011; Fasanella et al., 2017; Biersma
et al., 2020). Populations of this species
inhabit territories with diverse conditions,
both with poor soils and fertile soils near the
colonies of birds and mammals. In maritime
Antarctіс, D. antarctica populations had low
genetic diversity and high morphological and
anatomical variability (Ozheredova et al., 2015;
Chwedorzewska et al., 2008; Nuzhyna et al.,
2019). Numerous studies were conducted
to understand the specific mechanisms of
D. antarctica plant adaptations to the low
temperatures under enhanced UV-radiation.
Most of them were focused on cytology,
anatomy, physiological and biochemical
characteristics, especially proteins, enzymes,
lipids, and pigments (Parnikoza et al., 2011).
While some information about the chemical
composition of other plant species in the
Antarctic is available (Fabiszewski & Wojtun,
2000; Parnikoza et al., 2016), there is still
limited data about the content of biogenic and
toxic elements in the leaves of D. antarctica.
Only a few studies focused specifically on
this issue (Walton & Smith, 1979; Fabiszewski
& Wojtun, 2000; Juchnowicz-Bierbasz &
Rakusa-Suszczewski, 2002). The objectives
of this study were: to determine the content
of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves
of D. antarctica from the vicinity of Akademik
Vernadsky station (Argentine Islands, Wilhelm
Archipelago), and to investigate whether the
differences within the samples from one
location were as notable as between samples
from different locations.
Material and methods
Leaves of D. antarctica were sampled in
2016/2017 Antarctic summer season at four
locations in the maritime Antarctic: Great
Yalour Island (65° 14′ 08″ S, 64° 09′ 22″ W),
Galindez Island (65° 14′ 43″ S, 64° 15′ 07″ W),
Oasis Rasmussen (65° 14′ 49” S, 64° 05′ 10” W)
and Cape Tuxen (65° 16′ 11″ S, 64° 07′ 09″ W).
Two mixed samples from each location were
taken. Visually similar plants were sampled
at each site. Neither size nor color of these
plants differed significantly. They were air-
dried and transported to the laboratory in
zip-bags to avoid contamination. Before the
analysis, samples were dried at a temperature
of 105 °C overnight. 500 mg of each sample
was digested in nitric acid, closed-vessel
microwave digestion, Wu et al. (1997).
Elemental concentration was measured by
ICP-OES technique with the iCAP 6300 Duo
Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at
the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden.
This method enables fast and accurate
measurements of multi-element profiles
(Hansen et al., 2013). Content of K, P, Ca, S,
Mg, Na, Si, Fe, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn, Cu, B, Cr, Ba, V,
Pb, Cd, and Co was determined. The chemical
composition of the leaves was provided in dry
matter. Unfortunately, we did not have enough
plant material to determine the content of
carbon and nitrogen, and this should be
performed in future research.
Results
Leaves of D. antarctica contained a lot of
biogenic elements. Park et al. (2007) reported
that the carbon content in this plant was
about 44 %, and the content of nitrogen
about 2.5 %. We found out that the content of
K was also relatively high – about 18.9 ± 5.9
mg·g-1. As can be seen from the Table 1, the
leaves of D. antarctica were also rich in
P (4.9 ± 1.8 mg·g-1), Ca (4.3 ± 0.5 mg·g-1), S
(3.7 ± 0.7 mg·g-1) and Mg (2.1 ± 0.6 mg·g-1 ).
The considerable differences in the chemical
composition of the leaves were observed
between the samples from different locations.
Meanwhile, differences within the samples
taken from one site tended to be less notable.
For example, the content of potassium in the
leaves sampled on Oasis Rasmussen, Great
Yalour Island, and Galindez Island varied from
12.2 to 18.8 mg·g-1 but was much higher in the
samples from Cape Tuxen (27.1 – 28.8 mg·g-1).
Fabiszewski & Wojtun (2000) reported that in
the shoots of D. antarctica sampled at three
different locations on King George Island
content of Ca varied from 2.98 to 4.71 mg·g-1,
Mg from 1.46 to 2.21 mg·g-1 and K from 5.26 to
9.10 mg·g-1. Their results are similar to what
we have found in this study. The exception
is the content of K, which was much lower
in the plants from King George Island. This
fact possibly reflects the different success
of D. antarctica depending on the substrate,
climate, and other factors.
126 Plant Introduction • 85/86
T. Bedernichek, V. Loya, I. Parnikoza
Chemical
elements
Oasis Rasmussen Great Yalour Island Cape Tuxen Galindez Island
Mean ± SD
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 1 Sample 2
K 15430 18780 16680 16080 28750 27100 12150 16030 18875 ± 5892
P 6661 6781 2805 2892 6519 6010 3647 3904 4902 ± 1752
Ca 5185 4735 4855 3841 4185 4285 4071 3576 4342 ± 543
S 4364 4570 2992 3094 4113 4004 3134 2956 3653 ± 675
Mg 2855 2965 2057 1882 2227 2242 1288 1271 2098 ± 627
Na 872.6 722 1108 1253 563.3 528.6 747.2 781.4 822.0 ± 251
Si 250.4 227.1 350.6 538.2 317.3 397.4 612.5 533 403.3 ± 143
Fe 145.2 137.5 187.9 151.6 127.4 129.8 210.8 215.8 163.3 ± 36.2
Zn 95 118.2 78.8 76.5 97.2 97.4 74.01 80.2 89.7 ± 15
Al 89.8 72.3 63.4 49.3 128.8 145.3 117.6 110.7 97.2 ± 33.9
Sr 84.8 74.3 32.6 23.6 30.5 31 28.1 24.9 41.2 ± 24
Mn 26.6 30 198.8 197.6 61.6 62.7 78.9 99.1 94.4 ± 68.3
Cu 20.9 20.6 11 9.14 15.7 14.7 7.27 9.23 13.6 ± 5.3
B 8.88 8.51 7.84 9.93 7.16 7.94 4.05 4.69 7.38 ± 2.03
Cr 2.44 2.56 2.39 2.24 2.7 2.4 1.38 2.08 2.27 ± 0.41
Ba 2.32 2.24 1.48 1.9 1.59 1.32 1.22 1.3 1.67 ± 0.43
V 1.08 1.02 0.66 0.61 1.06 0.89 0.42 0.73 0.81 ± 0.24
Pb 0.93 1.6 1.23 0.95 1.45 1.16 0.73 0.89 1.12 ± 0.30
Cd 0.67 0.7 0.69 0.59 0.74 0.81 0.72 1.03 0.74 ± 0.13
Co 0.02 0.14 0.11 0.12 0.21 0.18 0.43 0.71 0.24 ± 0.22
Table 1. Content of some essential and toxic chemical elements in the leaves of Deschampsia antarctica,
mg·kg-1 DW.
Content of some trace metals and in
particular Zn and Cu was also relatively high
– about 89.7 ± 15 mg·kg-1 and 13.6 ± 5.3 mg·kg-1
respectively. Meanwhile, much less Pb (1.12 ±
0.3 mg·kg-1) and Cd (0.74 ± 0.13 mg·kg-1) was
found in the samples. The content of these
chemical elements is comparable to other
species of the genus Deschampsia (Höhne
et al., 1981). However, due to the lack of
permanent settlements and, therefore, much
less polluted environment in the Antarctic, we
considered that the content of trace elements
in the leaves of D. antarctica possibly
should be lower. Future studies are needed
to find out whether D. antarctica may be a
hyperaccumulator of trace metals (Jankowski
et al., 2019). Our preliminary results support
the idea that this species may be suitable for
biomonitoring.
Surprisingly, the content of Mn in the
leaves varied considerably: from just 26.6
– 30.0 mg·kg-1 in the samples from Oasis
Rasmussen up to almost 200 mg·kg-1 in the
samples from Great Yalour Island. Though
Mn is not a toxic element in general, it is well
known for being phytotoxic under certain
edaphic and climatic conditions (Fernando
& Lynch, 2015). This topic deserves greater
research attention in the context of major
differences between the samples from
different locations and potential effects that
they may have on other plants.
One of the probable reasons for such
differences may be the heterogeneity of
soil properties in the maritime Antarctic.
Parnikoza et al. (2016) reported that the
content of toxic elements in the soils of
Galindez Island varied greatly, and the
highest content of trace metals was in the
soils located close to the station facilities.
For example, the content of Cu varied from
0.2 to 70.0 mg·kg-1 in the soils without visible
human impact, reached 192.5 mg·kg-1 near
the main building of Vernadsky station, and
Plant Introduction • 85/86 127
Content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of Deschampsia antarctica (Poaceae)
over 1850 mg·kg-1 in soils near power facilities
(diesel generators). Content of Pb varied
from 3.1 to 63.8 mg·kg-1 in most of the studied
soils but was considerably higher – 741.3
mg·kg-1 and 1760.0 mg·kg-1 in the soils close to
power generators and main station building
respectively. Therefore, the anthropogenic
impact may strongly affect the content and
composition of the Antarctic soils, and this
fact should be taken into account in future
research focused on the bioindicative role
of D. antarctica. Another possible reason for
the uneven distribution of trace elements,
including trace metals, is a strong zoogenic
impact on the coastal soils in the maritime
Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions.
Boelhouwers et al. (2008) highlighted that
“in the coastal areas the erosion, transport
and deposition of sediment by wild animals
may play a dominant role in shaping sections
of the landscape” (p. 83). That impact
includes, but is not limited to, accumulation
of guano. Bedernichek et al. (2020) reported
that seal hair and other byproducts contain
a lot of biogenic and toxic elements. The
accumulation of hair, skin, carcasses of sea
mammals on the soil, as well as their urine
and excrements, may also be one of the key
factors that affect the elemental composition
of the coastal soils in Polar regions.
Due to the small sample size in this study, it
is too early to discuss possible reasons for the
differences found between the plant samples,
as well as their significance. However, the
findings suggest that the leaves of D. antarctica
contain a lot of biogenic elements. This fact
confirms that this plant is a substantial and
rich in nutrients precursor of soil organic
matter, and is important in the context of soil
formation and development in the maritime
Antarctic (Parnikoza, 2019). Also, due to
relatively high concentrations of trace metals
and their variability between the sample plots,
we hypothesize that leaves of D. antarctica
may be used as an informative bioindicator.
Future research with enough replicates is
needed to confirm these preliminary results
and hypotheses.
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the State
Institution “National Antarctic Scientific
Center”; the project “Impact of seabirds on
soil formation and development in Maritime
Antarctic” (0118U100403). We also are grateful
to the anonymous reviewers whose comments
significantly improved the previous version of
the manuscript.
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Plant Introduction • 85/86 129
Content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of Deschampsia antarctica (Poaceae)
Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.
(Poaceae): попереднє дослідження
Т. Бедернічек 1*, В. Лоя 1, І. Парнікоза 2, 3
1 Національний ботанічний сад імені М. М. Гришка НАН України, вул. Тімірязєвська, 1, м. Київ, 01014,
Україна, * bedernichek@nas.gov.ua
2 Національний антарктичний науковий центр МОН України, бульвар Тараса Шевченка, 16, м. Київ,
01601, Україна
3 Інститут молекулярної біології і генетики НАН України, вул. Академіка Заболотного, 150, м. Київ,
03143, Україна
Щучник антарктичний (Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.) – один із двох аборигенних видів квіткових
рослин, поширених у Антарктиці. З огляду на це, D. antarctica інтенсивно досліджують упродовж
десятиліть, але інформація про вміст біогенних і токсичних елементів в листках цієї рослини є
фрагментарною та потребує уточнення. Оскільки D. antarctica є важливим компонентом екосистем
прибережної Антарктики, вміст у рослинах таких біогенних елементів як K, P та S може суттєво
впливати на властивості ґрунтів, особливо у ризосфері та детритосфері. Також, вміст у рослинах
токсичних елементів, зокрема важких металів, є важливим критерієм оцінки їхньої індикаторної
ролі – чи може D. antarctica бути використаний як біоіндикатор для моніторингу стану довкілля в
Антарктиці? В цьому повідомленні представлено попередні результати щодо вмісту K, P, Ca, S, Mg,
Na, Si, Fe, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn, Cu, B, Cr, Ba, V, Pb, Cd та Co в листках D. antarctica з природних місцезростань
у прибережній Антарктиці. Сухі листки були озолені в азотній кислоті у мікрохвильовій
печі. Концентрації елементів були визначені методом оптичної емісійної спектрометрії з
індуктивнозв’язаною плазмою. З’ясовано, що відмінності між зразками, відібраними з одного
місцезростання були набагато менш виражені, ніж між зразками з різних місцезростань. Серед
біогенних елементів найбільше варіював вміст калію – від 12.2 мг·г-1 у зразках з острову Галіндез
до 28.7 мг·г-1 у зразках з мису Туксен (Антарктичний півострів). Вміст важких металів також значно
відрізнявся у зразків з різних локалітетів. Результати цього попереднього дослідження свідчать,
що внаслідок високого вмісту біогенних елементів у листках, рослини D. antarctica слід розглядати
як важливий прекурсор органічної речовини ґрунту, а також як можливий біоіндикатор. Подальші
дослідження необхідні для підтвердження або спростування висловлених у цьому повідомленні
припущень.
Ключові слова: щучник антарктичний, біофільні елементи, мікроелементи, токсичні елементи
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1554 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/fa/8552228e77d67394bd5214b8848b00fa.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-15542023-08-26T20:39:45Z Content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): a preliminary study Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження Bedernichek, T. Loya, V. Parnikoza, I. The Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.) is one of two flowering plants native to the Antarctic, and therefore it was intensively studied for decades. However, there is still limited information available about the content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of this plant. While being an essential component of most of the terrestrial ecosystems in the maritime Antarctic, the content of nutrients like K, P, and S in the plants of D. antarctica may significantly affect soil properties, especially in such hot spots like rhizosphere and detritosphere. Moreover, the content of toxic elements and trace metals, in particular in the plant, is a principal criterion to evaluate its indicative role, whether or not D. antarctica may be used as a bioindicator to monitor the Antarctica environmental state. In this study, we report the preliminary results about the content of K, P, Ca, S, Mg, Na, Si, Fe, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn, Cu, B, Cr, Ba, V, Pb, Cd, and Co in the leaves of D. antarctica from the natural habitats of the maritime Antarctіс. Dry leaves were digested in nitric acid (closed-vessel microwave digestion). Elemental concentration was measured by ICP-OES technique. The differences within the samples taken from one location were far less notable than between the samples from different locations. Among the biogenic elements, the content of potassium was the most variable – from 12.2 mg·g-1 on Galindez Island to 28.7 mg·g-1 on the Cape Tuxen (Antarctic Peninsula). The content of trace metals also varied considerably between the samples from different locations. The results of this preliminary study suggest that due to the high content of nutrients, leaves of D. antarctica should be considered as an important precursor of soil organic matter, as well as a possible bioindicator. However, future studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results and hypotheses. Щучник антарктичний (Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.) – один із двох аборигенних видів квіткових рослин, поширених у Антарктиці. З огляду на це, D. antarctica інтенсивно досліджують упродовж десятиліть, але інформація про вміст біогенних і токсичних елементів в листках цієї рослини є фрагментарною та потребує уточнення. Оскільки D. antarctica є важливим компонентом екосистем прибережної Антарктики, вміст у рослинах таких біогенних елементів як K, P та S може суттєво впливати на властивості ґрунтів, особливо у ризосфері та детритосфері. Також, вміст у рослинах токсичнх елементів, зокрема важких металів, є важливим критерієм оцінки їхньої індикаторної ролі – чи може D. antarctica бути використаний як біоіндикатор для моніторингу стану довкілля в Антарктиці? В цьому повідомленні представлено попередні результати щодо вмісту K, P, Ca, S, Mg, Na, Si, Fe, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn, Cu, B, Cr, Ba, V, Pb, Cd та Co в листках D. antarctica з природних місцезростань у прибережній Антарктиці. Сухі листки були озолені в азотній кислоті у мікрохвильовій печі. Концентрації елементів були визначені методом оптичної емісійної спектрометрії з індуктивнозв’язаною плазмою. З’ясовано, що відмінності між зразками, відібраними з одного місцезростання були набагато менш виражені, ніж між зразками з різних місцезростань. Серед біогенних елементів найбільше варіював вміст калію – від 12.2 мг·г-1 у зразках з острову Галіндез до 28.7 мг·г-1 у зразках з мису Туксен (Антарктичний півострів). Вміст важких металів також значно відрізнявся у зразків з різних локалітетів. Результати цього попереднього дослідження свідчать, що внаслідок високого вмісту біогенних елементів у листках, рослини D. antarctica слід розглядати як важливий прекурсор органічної речовини ґрунту, а також як можливий біоіндикатор. Подальші дослідження необхідні для підтвердження або спростування висловлених у цьому повідомленні припущень. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2020-06-30 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1554 10.46341/PI2020017 Plant Introduction; No 85/86 (2020); 124-129 Інтродукція Рослин; № 85/86 (2020); 124-129 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI85-86 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1554/1492 Copyright (c) 2020 T. Bedernichek, V. Loya, I. Parnikoza http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Bedernichek, T. Loya, V. Parnikoza, I. Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження |
| title | Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження |
| title_alt | Content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): a preliminary study |
| title_full | Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження |
| title_fullStr | Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження |
| title_full_unstemmed | Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження |
| title_short | Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження |
| title_sort | вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках deschampsia antarctica é. desv. (poaceae): попереднє дослідження |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1554 |
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