Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України
Data on seed productivity and peculiarities of reproduction of Schisandra chinensis under the conditions of introduction at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG) are discussed. The study was carried out in 2016–2018 on experimental fields and...
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M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
2020
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Plant Introduction| _version_ | 1860145084945661952 |
|---|---|
| author | Skrypchenko, Nadiia Slyusar, Galina |
| author_facet | Skrypchenko, Nadiia Slyusar, Galina |
| author_sort | Skrypchenko, Nadiia |
| baseUrl_str | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/oai |
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| datestamp_date | 2023-08-26T20:39:33Z |
| description | Data on seed productivity and peculiarities of reproduction of Schisandra chinensis under the conditions of introduction at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG) are discussed. The study was carried out in 2016–2018 on experimental fields and in the NBG laboratory using plants and seeds of Ukrainian selection S. chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’. Sections were examined with the microscope Carl Zeiss STEMI 2000-S. Qualitative and quantitative composition of higher fatty acids has been identified by НР-6890 chromatograph. It was found that S. chinensis of local reproduction have a much lower percentage of the seeds without embryo (about 10 %) compared to those of natural origin (30–90 %). Because of long-term storage of S. chinensis seeds the biochemical transformations take place: the content of fats and proteins decreased from 37.5 to 28.0 %, and from 19.7 to 11.2 %, respectively, the acid number of oil increased from 2.42 to 5.70 mg KOH/g, and its iodine value decreased from 32.5 to 30.3 g І2 / 100 g after storage of seeds during ten months. Fatty oil of S. chinensis seeds has a high linoleic acid content, which reaches 80–81.1 % of the total content of fatty acids. The storage of seeds under different illumination and temperature conditions resulted in minor changes in the acid number of the oil and the quantitative content of fatty acids. The optimal storage conditions of seeds (without access to light and at the temperature of +4 °С) were determined. Such storage conditions reduce the intensity of oxidative processes in the seeds, ensuring the highest germination rate. The optimal ways of S. chinensis reproduction by seeds are the spring sowing of stratified seeds and autumn sowing of freshly reaped seeds, which gain natural stratification. Using these ways resulted in 65 % and 63 % of seeds germination, respectively. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2020018 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:39Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
Plant Introduction, 87/88, 39–46 (2020)
© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Seed productivity and reproduction features of Schisandra chinensis under
conditions of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
Introduction
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. is the
valuable fruity, medicine, and decorative
plant from the family Schisandraceae Blume
(Saunders, 1997; Szopa et al., 2016). Its fruits
are rich in bioactive compounds and are used
in food industry, medicine, and cosmetology
(Kolbasina et al., 2008; Nowak et al., 2019).
Since ancient times fruits of S. chinensis have
been used by Chinese and Tibetan physicians
as a tonic remedy for physical tiredness,
nervous system exhaustion, neurasthenia,
hypotonia, and its seeds have been used
for phthisis, bronchial asthma, liver and
kidneys diseases, and dysentery treatment
(Kolbasina, 2000; Lebeda et al., 2006; Szopa
et al., 2016). The lipid complex of S. chinensis
seeds demonstrates the adaptogenic,
tonic, immunostimulation, antipyretic and
regenerative effects (Lebeda et al., 2006;
Skrypchenko et al., 2017). According to recent
investigations, compounds of S. chinensis also
Nadiia Skrypchenko *, Galina Slyusar
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tymiryazevska str. 1, 01014 Kyiv, Ukraine;
* actinadiia@gmail.com
Received: 26.05.2020 | Accepted: 24.10.2020 | Published: 30.12.2020
Abstract
Data on seed productivity and peculiarities of reproduction of Schisandra chinensis under the conditions
of introduction at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine (NBG) are discussed. The study was carried out in 2016–2018 on experimental fields and in the NBG
laboratory using plants and seeds of Ukrainian selection S. chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’. Sections were examined
with the microscope Carl Zeiss STEMI 2000-S. Qualitative and quantitative composition of higher fatty
acids has been identified by НР-6890 chromatograph. It was found that S. chinensis of local reproduction
have a much lower percentage of the seeds without embryo (about 10 %) compared to those of natural
origin (30–90 %). Because of long-term storage of S. chinensis seeds the biochemical transformations
take place: the content of fats and proteins decreased from 37.5 to 28.0 %, and from 19.7 to 11.2 %,
respectively, the acid number of oil increased from 2.42 to 5.70 mg KOH/g, and its iodine value decreased
from 32.5 to 30.3 g І2 / 100 g after storage of seeds during ten months. Fatty oil of S. chinensis seeds has a
high linoleic acid content, which reaches 80–81.1 % of the total content of fatty acids. The storage of seeds
under different illumination and temperature conditions resulted in minor changes in the acid number of
the oil and the quantitative content of fatty acids. The optimal storage conditions of seeds (without access
to light and at the temperature of +4 °С) were determined. Such storage conditions reduce the intensity of
oxidative processes in the seeds, ensuring the highest germination rate. The optimal ways of S. chinensis
reproduction by seeds are the spring sowing of stratified seeds and autumn sowing of freshly reaped
seeds, which gain natural stratification. Using these ways resulted in 65 % and 63 % of seeds germination,
respectively.
Keywords: Schisandra chinensis, seed, shelf life, reproduction features, biochemical composition
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2020018
UDC 582.678.2:631.53
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-9920
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2942-1477
40 Plant Introduction • 87/88
N. Skrypchenko, G. Slyusar
have an anti-cancer effect, inducing the cell
cycle interruption and apoptosis, inhibition
of invasions and line metastasizing of cancer
cells, as well as antimicrobial and antidiabetic
action (Nowak et al., 2019).
Schisandra chinensis is a Japanese-
Manchurian endemic. It is relict plant of
the Neogene. Medicinal raw materials of
S. chinensis were intensively harvested in
natural occurrence places, which led to a
significant reduction of its population. In this
regard and the regard of growing demands,
irregular fruiting, and yielding, this species
has been included in the Red Book of Sakhalin
Region (Kharkevich & Kachura, 1981).
Schisandra chinensis was introduced
in Ukraine more than 60 years ago. Plants
blossom and fruit abundantly, providing mass
reproduction by seeds. A perspective cultivar
‘Sadovyi-1’ has been obtained, and perspective
form ‘1-1’ with female flowers has been
selected at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanic
Garden of the National Academy of Sciences
of Ukraine (NBG) (Skrypchenko et al., 2017).
However, the introduction of S. chinensis
into gardening is restrained mostly due to
the difficulty of its reproduction. Schisandra
chinensis mostly reproduces vegetatively, and
seed-derived individuals are almost absent
in nature (Kolbasina, 2000). Along with this,
S. chinensis is mostly cultivated from seeds,
and selected forms are vegetatively fixed then
(Plekhanova, 1990).
Seeds of S. chinensis vary in size, weight,
color, and embryo size (Kolotova & Nikolaeva,
1981). Some seeds have weak germination
capacity due to an underdeveloped (inert)
embryo that can not sprout even after extensive
preparation. From 30 to 90 % of S. chinensis
seeds do not ripen due to lack or undeveloped
embryo, which is probably associated with
long cold spring and rainy summer (Tytlianov,
1959; Gurevich, 2012; Аlekseichuk & Laman,
2005). The endosperm of such seeds has
crumbly and floury consistency. Hence, only
big and well-filled seeds can be used for
sowing (Plekhanova, 1990).
After fruit ripening, S. chinensis seeds go
to dormancy, as it happens in most plants.
Dormancy is followed by deep physical and
biochemical changes in seeds’ cells and
tissues. This is one of the most important
adaptive features reached in the process of
seed plants evolution, that promotes species
preservation, providing the seed germination
only in conditions, which are favorable
for development (Footitt et al., 2013; Willis
et al., 2014; Soppe & Bentsink, 2016). Seeds
of S. chinensis have endogenic dormancy
caused by embryo underdevelopment and
its physiological state (Nikolaeva et al., 1985).
It germinates only after stratification, which
complicates the artificial seed reproduction of
this species.
Seeds of S. chinensis are rich in fatty oils
(up to 33 %) and, hence, belong to the oil
type of seeds. Such seeds lose their viability
under uncontrolled conditions (Roberts,
1972). It is associated with oxidation of lipids
and other biochemical processes, which
lead to membrane destruction, including
those of mitochondria (McDonald, 1999).
Preservation of seeds with high oil content
is a challenging task, as they are affected by
different environmental factors during the
storage (mainly by temperature, humidity,
and light). Light mostly stimulates the seeds’
germination. However, its long effect usually
depresses it (Malov & Vigorskiy, 2002). This is
why this work aimed to determine the optimal
terms and conditions of S. chinensis seeds
storage.
Material and methods
The research was performed in 2016–2018 at
the NBG experimental fields and laboratory
using seeds and plants of S. chinensis
‘Sadovyi-1’.
The area’s climate, where the NBG is
located, is moderately continental with
an average annual temperature 9.4 °C,
average temperature in January – -5.5 °C,
and average temperature in June +20.4 °C.
Periodic changes of Atlantic air masses soften
the winter in Kyiv. The frost-free period is
about 165–180 days. According to the long-
term data, the sum of active temperatures
in Kyiv is 2000–2500 °C. The average annual
amount of precipitation is 550–650 mm, and
relative humidity is 73–76 % (Osadchyi et al.,
2010). The duration of frost-free period,
temperature, and rainfall during the active
growing season cause suitable conditions for
the successful cultivation of different fruit
plants from regions with similar and more
moderate climate conditions.
Plant Introduction • 87/88 41
Seed productivity and reproduction of Schisandra chinensis
Sections examination was performed
with a light microscope Carl Zeiss STEMI
2000S (Germany). Fatty acids were obtained
by the press method. Qualitative indicators,
namely iodine and an acid number of oil, were
determined following Gonchar (2000). The
qualitative and quantitative composition of the
higher fatty acids (HFA) was identified by НР-
6890 chromatograph using quartz columns of
0.35 mm diameter and an immobile phase of
5 % sinilmethylsiloxan (Rivis & Fedoruk, 2010).
HFA were identified by comparing their methyl
ethers retention time and the retention time
of peaks of standard compounds. A He-Ne
laser with a 632.8 nm wavelength was used to
irradiate the seeds. Exposure time was about
20 seconds.
To identify the optimal terms of seeds
storage without losses of viability, the
comparative investigation of oil’s properties
from freshly reaped seeds and seeds stored
under 15–25 ± 1 °C temperature for five and ten
months was performed. Statistical analysis
was performed using the MS Excel 2010
Results and discussion
Many years of research of S. chinensis
developmental biology under the NBG
conditions showed that these plants take the
full developmental cycle and have the annual
blossoming and abundant fruiting. The fruit
of S. chinensis is a juicy aggregate follicetum,
similar to cylindric raceme 4.6–14.8 cm in
length and bearing 13 to 34 red fruitlets
(Table 1). The mass of one fruit is 4.5–16.5 g,
and one plant (15–20 years old) gives up to
2.5 kg of fruits in total. Each berry contains
one-two seeds, and generally, seeds represent
about 64 % of the fruitlet mass. The mass of
1000 seeds is 26.5±2.1 g.
The seeds of S. chinensis of local
reproduction are kidney-shaped with a
smooth, shiny surface and rough peel.
Seed peel usually has many layers: external
epidermis, adjoining 4–6 rows of highly
lignified stony cells of the sclerenchyma,
under which the inner layer of the seed
coat is located, consisting of parenchymatic
thin-walled tissue. The main seed volume is
occupied by dense endosperm, containing
polyhedral cells with fatty oil drops and very
small aleurone cells 8–15 µm in diameter. The
embryo is heart-shaped, slightly differentiated
(0.3–0.6 cm in length, diameter does not
exceed 0.2 cm). The embryo is located at the
narrow part of the seed. Seeds without an
embryo (Fig. 1) comprise about 10%.
A slightly higher content of fatty acid
(37.5 %) comparing to the literature data (33 %)
has been detected during our investigations
(Кolbasina et al., 2008). Moreover, some
changes in its qualitative and quantitative
composition were identified during storage.
In particular, oil content in seeds decreases
under conditions of prolonged storage. Thus,
the mass ratio of oil in seeds was 37 and
28 % after five and ten months of storage,
respectively (Table 2). The acid number of
oil from freshly reaped seeds was 2.42, while
for the seeds stored five and ten months, it
was 2.82 and 5.70, respectively. The highest
acid number was noted for seeds with the
most extended storage term, indicating the
the oxidation of lipids. Protein content was
Indexes
2016 2017 2018
M ± m Мах Міn CV, % M ± m Маx Міn CV, % M ± m Мах Міn CV, %
Fruit mass, g 9.6 ± 2.1 16.5 6.6 21.3 10.7 ± 2.9 14.0 4.5 27.9 10.5 ± 3.2 15.7 5.8 29.7
Peduncle mass, g 1.0 ± 0.4 1.7 0.5 39.2 0.6 ± 0.2 1.0 0.3 35.4 0.9 ± 0.2 1.5 0.4 39.8
Fruitlets number 24.3 ± 0.6 35.0 13.0 25.3 30.2 ± 2.9 34.0 26.0 9.6 28.3 ± 4.3 34.0 21.0 15.2
Fruit length, cm 10.7 ± 1.7 14.8 7.4 16.1 6.5 ± 1.4 8.8 4.6 21.2 6.9 ± 1.9 10.8 5.4 28.2
Seed length, mm 3.5 ± 0.2 4.0 3.0 6.3 3.4 ± 0.2 3.8 2.9 7.5 3.4 ± 0.3 3.9 2.9 9.5
Seed width, mm 2.8 ± 0.2 3.2 2.3 6.9 2.7 ± 0.1 3.1 2.2 7.1 2.7 ± 0.1 3.2 2.3 11.4
Table 1. Biometric parameters of Schisandra chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’ fruits.
Note. M±m – mean value and standard deviation; Max – maximal value; Min – minimal value; CV – coefficient
of variation.
42 Plant Introduction • 87/88
N. Skrypchenko, G. Slyusar
the highest for freshly reaped seeds (19.7 %
in terms of dry weight), while for the seeds
stored five and ten months, it was 15.6 and
11.2 %, respectively.
The effect of different seeds’ storage regimes
(different temperature, with and without
light) on viability, germination, qualitative and
quantitative characteristics of the fatty acid
composition of S. chinensis seeds has been
evaluated (Fig. 2). Our research showed that
oil from S. chinensis seeds contains mostly
unsaturated fatty acid ethers with one (oleic
acid) and two (linoleic acid) double bonds that
are relatively unstable in storage and easily get
oxidized. Worth to note that linoleic acid was
dominant in the examined raw material (80.0–
B
D
A
C
Figure 1. Schisandra сhinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’: A – common view of the seed; B – seed without embryo; C – seed
section with the embryo; D – seed section after stratification.
Table 2. Chemical composition of Schisandra chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’ seeds and indexes of oil with different
storage terms.
Indexes
Seeds
freshly gathered stored five months stored ten months
Moisture, % 16.3 ± 1.8 12.7 ± 1.3 9.8 ± 1.0
Fat, % 37.5 ± 2.5 37.0 ± 2.8 28.0 ± 2.3
Protein, % 19.7 ± 1.3 15.6 ± 1.5 11.2 ± 1.0
Oil acid number, mg KOH/g 2.4 ± 0.2 2.8 ± 0.2 5.7 ± 0.3
Oil iodine number, g І2 / 100 g 32.5 ± 2.9 32.5 ± 2.8 30.3 ± 2.8
Plant Introduction • 87/88 43
Seed productivity and reproduction of Schisandra chinensis
Figure 2. Fatty acid composition of Schisandra
сhinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’ seeds oil, %.
Figure 3. Germination of Schisandra chinensis
‘Sadovyi-1’ seeds after different pre-sowing
preparation techniques applied, in %: 1 – autumn
sowing of freshly picked seeds; spring sowing:
2 – after stratification; 3 – unstratified; 4 – after
thermal stratification; 5 – unstratified long-term
(16 months) storage; 6 – unstratified long-term
storage with He-Ne laser irradiation.
81.1 %). Moreover, its content was five times
higher than another unsaturated acid – oleic
acid, the content of which was 14.6–15.7 % only.
Oil from seeds stored under the
temperature of +4±2 °С and without light has
an acid number 2.3 and was the highest in
the content of oleic, linolenic, and linoleic
acids. While the oil from seeds stored under
the temperature range +20±2 °С and light
access has less of these acids – the acid
number of this oil was 2.42. This indicates that
storage conditions affect the intensity of the
biochemical changes occurring in the seeds.
The highest percentage of germination had
the seeds stored under decreased temperature
+4±2 °С and without light.
Seed ground germination depends on pre-
sowing preparation such as stratification,
scarification, thermal and chemical processing
(Nikolaeva et al., 1985). Therefore we examined
different pre-sowing preparations and sowing
terms of S. chinensis seeds (Fig. 3).
The highest index of ground germination
(65 %) has been obtained for stratified seeds
with the spring sowing (10-20th of April).
Autumn sowing, during which the natural
stratification occurs, resulted in slightly lower
germination – 63 %.
Seeds of S. chinensis showed a different
dormancy level, 19 % of seeds germinated just
after heat stratification.
Laser irradiation has a stimulating effect
on germination energy, yield, and stability
of cereals, vegetables, and fodder plants
(Inyushin, 1981; Malov & Vigorskiy, 2002).
Similarly, our investigations showed that pre-
sowing He-Ne laser irradiation of the long-
term stored seeds of S. chinensis increased
their germination up to 50 %.
The germination of the sown seeds began in
the middle of May irrespectively to pre-sowing
preparation. S. chinensis has above-ground
germination of the seeds, characterized first
by appearing of hooked hypocotyl, which
straightens in ten days. After leaving the seed
coat, two seminal leaves open become green.
Sprouts’ epicotyl is anthocyanine-reddish,
up to 3 mm in length and about 1.5 mm in
diameter. One-year-old sprouts of S. chinensis
by the end of vegetative period reach up to
5 cm in height, have 5–14 leaves, and root
system with weakly developed main root and
20–25 lateral roots of the first and second
orders (Fig. 4, Table 3).
Indexes M ± m Мах Міn CV, %
Height, cm 11.6 ± 1.7 14.7 9.5 14.9
Main root length, cm 9.2 ± 2.8 14.5 6.5 30.9
Number of lateral
roots
4.0 ± 1.3 25.0 2.0 32.3
Number of leaves 10.0 ± 2.8 14.0 5.0 29.1
Number of buds 13.0 ± 2.0 17.0 11.0 15.1
Table 3. Morphological characteristics of the one-
year seedlings of Schisandra chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’.
Note. M±m – mean value and standard deviation;
Max – maximal value; Min – minimal value;
CV – coefficient of variation.
44 Plant Introduction • 87/88
N. Skrypchenko, G. Slyusar
Figure 4. Sprouts with seed coat (A) and one-year seedlings (B) of Schisandra сhinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’.
Conclusions
The seeds of S. chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’ of the
local reproduction have a high content of the
fatty oils (37.5 %) that mostly contains such
unsaturated fatty acids as oleic (80.0–81.1 %)
and linoleic (14.6–15.7 %). Therefore they are
very unstable in storage and quickly become
oxidized. The storage of seeds increases the
acidity of fatty oils, decreases their content,
and changes individual fatty acids’ content.
The optimal storage conditions for
S. chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’ seeds were without
light access and with decreased temperature
(+4 °С), which inhibited oxidative and other
biochemical processes.
The optimal is a spring sowing of stratified
seeds and an autumn sowing of freshly reaped
seeds, followed by its natural stratification.
Under such conditions, the ground
germination of S. chinensis seeds is the highest
and reaches up to 65 % and 63 %, respectively.
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Plant Introduction • 87/88 45
Seed productivity and reproduction of Schisandra chinensis
Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в
умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України
Надія Скрипченко *, Галина Слюсар
Національний ботанічний сад імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, вул. Тимірязєвська, 1, Київ, 01014,
Україна; * actinadiia@gmail.com
Викладено відомості про особливості насіннєвої продуктивності та розмноження Schisandra chinensis
за умов інтродукції у Національному ботанічному саду імені М.М. Гришка Національної академії
наук України (НБС). Дослідження виконано у 2016–2018 роках на експериментальних ділянках
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N. Skrypchenko, G. Slyusar
кислотність олії зросла з 2,42 до 5,7 мг KOH/г, а її йодне значення знизилося з 32,5 до 30,3 г I2 / 100 г.
У жирній олії насіння лимонника виявлено високий вміст лінолевої кислоти, що становить 80–
81,1 % від загального вмісту жирних кислот. Визначено якісний і кількісний склад жирних кислот
насіння S. chinensis у разі зберігання за різних умов освітлення та температури, який свідчить
про їх несуттєвий вплив на кислотне число олії та кількісний вміст жирних кислот. Визначено
оптимальні умови зберігання насіння (без доступу світла та за температури +4 °С), що сприяє
зниженню інтенсивності окислювальних процесів у насінні та забезпечує найвищий показник
його проростання. Оптимальними способами розмноження насіння лимонника є весняний посів
стратифікованого насіння та осінній посів свіжозібраного насіння, що проходить стратифікацію в
природних умовах, які забезпечують схожість насіння 65 та 63 % відповідно.
Ключові слова: Schisandra chinensis, насіння, термін зберігання, особливості розмноження, біохімічний склад
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1556 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/f3/ac15677f85aceb4639dd8d83852fb4f3.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-15562023-08-26T20:39:33Z Seed productivity and reproduction features of Schisandra chinensis under conditions of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України Skrypchenko, Nadiia Slyusar, Galina Data on seed productivity and peculiarities of reproduction of Schisandra chinensis under the conditions of introduction at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG) are discussed. The study was carried out in 2016–2018 on experimental fields and in the NBG laboratory using plants and seeds of Ukrainian selection S. chinensis ‘Sadovyi-1’. Sections were examined with the microscope Carl Zeiss STEMI 2000-S. Qualitative and quantitative composition of higher fatty acids has been identified by НР-6890 chromatograph. It was found that S. chinensis of local reproduction have a much lower percentage of the seeds without embryo (about 10 %) compared to those of natural origin (30–90 %). Because of long-term storage of S. chinensis seeds the biochemical transformations take place: the content of fats and proteins decreased from 37.5 to 28.0 %, and from 19.7 to 11.2 %, respectively, the acid number of oil increased from 2.42 to 5.70 mg KOH/g, and its iodine value decreased from 32.5 to 30.3 g І2 / 100 g after storage of seeds during ten months. Fatty oil of S. chinensis seeds has a high linoleic acid content, which reaches 80–81.1 % of the total content of fatty acids. The storage of seeds under different illumination and temperature conditions resulted in minor changes in the acid number of the oil and the quantitative content of fatty acids. The optimal storage conditions of seeds (without access to light and at the temperature of +4 °С) were determined. Such storage conditions reduce the intensity of oxidative processes in the seeds, ensuring the highest germination rate. The optimal ways of S. chinensis reproduction by seeds are the spring sowing of stratified seeds and autumn sowing of freshly reaped seeds, which gain natural stratification. Using these ways resulted in 65 % and 63 % of seeds germination, respectively. Викладено відомості про особливості насіннєвої продуктивності та розмноження Schisandra chinensis за умов інтродукції у Національному ботанічному саду імені М.М. Гришка Національної академії наук України (НБС). Дослідження виконано у 2016–2018 роках на експериментальних ділянках і в лабораторії НБС з застосуванням рослин та насіння S. chinensis сорту ‘Садовий-1’ селекції НБС. Вивчення зрізів здійснено за допомогою мікроскопа Carl Zeiss STEMI 2000-S. Якісний і кількісний склад вищих жирних кислот визначено за допомогою хроматографа НР-6890. Встановлено, що насіння лимонника місцевої репродукції вирізняється значно нижчим відсотком невиповненого насіння (10 %) порівняно з насінням з природного ареалу (30–90 %). Під час тривалого зберігання в насінні лимонника спостерігалися біохімічні перетворення. Зокрема, після зберігання насіння протягом десяти місяців вміст жирів та білків зменшився з 37,5 до 28,0 % та з 19,7 до 11,2 % відповідно, кислотність олії зросла з 2,42 до 5,7 мг KOH/г, а її йодне значення знизилося з 32,5 до 30,3 г I2 / 100 г. У жирній олії насіння лимонника виявлено високий вміст лінолевої кислоти, що становить 80–81,1 % від загального вмісту жирних кислот. Визначено якісний і кількісний склад жирних кислот насіння S. chinensis у разі зберігання за різних умов освітлення та температури, який свідчить про їх несуттєвий вплив на кислотне число олії та кількісний вміст жирних кислот. Визначено оптимальні умови зберігання насіння (без доступу світла та за температури +4 °С), що сприяє зниженню інтенсивності окислювальних процесів у насінні та забезпечує найвищий показник його проростання. Оптимальними способами розмноження насіння лимонника є весняний посів стратифікованого насіння та осінній посів свіжозібраного насіння, що проходить стратифікацію в природних умовах, які забезпечують схожість насіння 65 та 63 % відповідно. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2020-12-30 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1556 10.46341/PI2020018 Plant Introduction; No 87/88 (2020); 39-46 Інтродукція Рослин; № 87/88 (2020); 39-46 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI87-88 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1556/1497 Copyright (c) 2020 Nadiia Skrypchenko, Galina Slyusar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Skrypchenko, Nadiia Slyusar, Galina Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України |
| title | Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_alt | Seed productivity and reproduction features of Schisandra chinensis under conditions of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden |
| title_full | Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_fullStr | Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_full_unstemmed | Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_short | Насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження Schisandra chinensis в умовах Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_sort | насіннєва продуктивність та особливості розмноження schisandra chinensis в умовах національного ботанічного саду імені м.м. гришка нан україни |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1556 |
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