Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.)
The objective of this study was to define the diversity of Rosaceae representatives in parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih city and to evaluate their vitality, longevity, and perspectives of a further application for landscaping of the region. Material and methods. The object of our study were Rosaceae...
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| Дата: | 2020 |
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M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
2020
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Plant Introduction| _version_ | 1860145084518891520 |
|---|---|
| author | Yukhimenko, Y.S. Korshykov, I.I. |
| author_facet | Yukhimenko, Y.S. Korshykov, I.I. |
| author_sort | Yukhimenko, Y.S. |
| baseUrl_str | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2023-08-26T20:39:45Z |
| description | The objective of this study was to define the diversity of Rosaceae representatives in parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih city and to evaluate their vitality, longevity, and perspectives of a further application for landscaping of the region.
Material and methods. The object of our study were Rosaceae plantings in parks and garden squares of Kryvyi Rih. We used visual, morphometric, and statistical methods.
Results. In the parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih, family Rosaceae is the most diverse – it is represented by 43 species, five hybrids, and five cultivars, which together belong to 20 genera. The most represented genera are Spiraea (seven taxa), Sorbus (five), Cotoneaster (four), Malus (four), Padus (four), and Prunus (four), while the rest of genera comprises from one to three taxa. The geographic analysis suggests a significant prevalence of species from East-Asian (36.5 %) and Circumboreal (34.6 %) regions. According to the distribution of life forms, there is some predominance of shrubs; they represent 56 % of the total number of Rosaceae. With regard to height classes, trees of the third class of size (34.6 %) and undersized shrubs (25 %) prevail. As for age structure, 20–40-year-old shrubs and trees (about 70 %) predominate. The highest level of the vital state is noted for 60 % of plants of this family, the average level – for 30 %, and low level – for 10 %. 72 % of evaluated plants were classified as highly decorative and 28 % as decorative. In the future, enrichment of plantings of the region may be carried out by using the collection stock of arboreal plants of Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, comprising about 350 species, varieties, and cultivars of 31 genera of the family Rosaceae.
Conclusions. Most of the investigated Rosaceae plants, in conditions of a large industrial city located in the Steppe zone of Ukraine, were characterized by high viability and decorativeness. Hence, these plants deserve to be more widely used for the greening of cities and towns of the Right-Bank of the Steppe zone of Ukraine. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2020013 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:41Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
Plant Introduction, 85/86, 65–74 (2020)
© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Representatives of Rosaceae Juss. in the various structure-functional
types of decorative plantings of Kryvyi Rih city (Dnipropetrovsk region,
Ukraine)
Introduction
The problem of conservation and enrichment
of plant resources is especially actual for
arid industrialized regions. The district of
Kryvyi Rih has very complicated ecological
conditions, which had arisen under enormous
technogenic pressure amplified by the dry
climate. Artificial plantings, in particular
Y.S. Yukhimenko 1, 2, *, I.I. Korshykov 1, 2
1 Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Marshaka str. 50, 50089 Kryvyi Rih, Dnipropetrovsk region,
Ukraine; * yukhimenkoj@gmail.com
2 Donetsk Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Marshaka str. 16a, 50089 Kryvyi Rih, Dnipropetrovsk region,
Ukraine
Received: 30.03.2020 | Accepted: 14.04.2020 | Published: 30.06.2020
Abstract
The objective of this study was to define the diversity of Rosaceae representatives in parks and squares
of Kryvyi Rih city and to evaluate their vitality, longevity, and perspectives of a further application for
landscaping of the region.
Material and methods. The object of our study were Rosaceae plantings in parks and garden squares of
Kryvyi Rih. We used visual, morphometric, and statistical methods.
Results. In the parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih, family Rosaceae is the most diverse – it is represented
by 43 species, five hybrids, and five cultivars, which together belong to 20 genera. The most represented
genera are Spiraea (seven taxa), Sorbus (five), Cotoneaster (four), Malus (four), Padus (four), and Prunus
(four), while the rest of genera comprises from one to three taxa. The geographic analysis suggests a
significant prevalence of species from East-Asian (36.5 %) and Circumboreal (34.6 %) regions. According
to the distribution of life forms, there is some predominance of shrubs; they represent 56 % of the total
number of Rosaceae. With regard to height classes, trees of the third class of size (34.6 %) and undersized
shrubs (25 %) prevail. As for age structure, 20–40-year-old shrubs and trees (about 70 %) predominate. The
highest level of the vital state is noted for 60 % of plants of this family, the average level – for 30 %, and low
level – for 10 %. 72 % of evaluated plants were classified as highly decorative and 28 % as decorative. In the
future, enrichment of plantings of the region may be carried out by using the collection stock of arboreal
plants of Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, comprising about 350 species, varieties, and
cultivars of 31 genera of the family Rosaceae.
Conclusions. Most of the investigated Rosaceae plants, in conditions of a large industrial city located in
the Steppe zone of Ukraine, were characterized by high viability and decorativeness. Hence, these plants
deserve to be more widely used for the greening of cities and towns of the Right-Bank of the Steppe zone
of Ukraine.
Keywords: Rosaceae, species distribution, taxonomical composition, age structure, decorativeness, vitality
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2020013
UDC 712.253 (477.63)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
66 Plant Introduction • 85/86
Y.S. Yukhimenko, I.I. Korshykov
parks and squares, are the local centers of
phytodiversity, which play an essential role in
the optimization of urban areas. Investigations
on taxonomic structure and vitality of such
plantings are crucial for the development
of the strategy of their conservation and
improvement.
Following the scheme of agroclimatic
division, Kryvyi Rih district belongs to the
continental temperate sub-boreal semiarid
climatic subzone. The main features of this
subzone are: hot and dry summer; a quite
cold winter, very often without snow; short
spring; frequent droughts, and dry winds
(Diachuk al., 2003).
Many plantings of the different functional
roles were created in Kryvyi Rih city in the
1920s. Today the total area of parks in Kryvyi
Rih is about 334 ha and garden squares
– about 155 ha. These plantings mostly
represented by the family Rosaceae Juss.,
which comprises 52 taxa, or 26.0 % from a
total number of arboreal taxa of the parks
and squares in the region. Rosaceae, together
with Oleaceae Hoffmans, Salicaceae Mirb.
and Cupressaceae Gray also dominate in
other regions of Ukraine (Kokhno et al., 1980,
1983; Kramarets et al., 1992). For example,
Rosaceae represents 24.7 % of taxonomic
diversity of cultural flora in Henichesk city
(Maltseva, 2016), from 14.8 to 17.5 % – in
Kherson city (Zahorulko, 2018), about 29.0 %
– in Chernihiv city (Pototska, 2017), 22.5 % –
in Poltava city (Panasenko, 2007), and about
20.0 % – in Khmelnytskyi city (Hanaba,
2016). In Volhynia, among the dominating
genera are Cotoneaster Medik., Crataegus L.,
Spiraea L., and Mаlus Mill., which together
comprise 10.2 % of region’s taxonomic
diversity (Kotsun, 1999). In Ciscarpathia,
genera Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Sorbus L., and
Padus Mill. also widely represented, covering
18.4 % of taxonomic diversity (Hniezdilova,
2003). In the industrial south-eastern region
of Ukraine, Rosaceae represents about 37.0 %
from all urban plantings (Suslova et al., 2013),
and consists of 27 taxa of trees and 24 taxa
of shrubs. The most divers here are Mаlus
(six species), Spiraea (four species and three
cultivars), Cerasus Juss. (three species and
two cultivars), Рrunus L. (four species and
two cultivars), Cotoneaster (three species and
two cultivars), and Crataegus (three species)
(Polyakov et al., 2015).
The first taxonomic survey of the parks in
Kryvyi Rih was conducted in 1950–1960s by
I.A. Dobrovolskiy, the professor of the Botany
department of the Kryvyi Rih Pedagogical
Institute (Dobrovolskiy, 1967). Among 40
dominating species distributed in parks
and garden squares, he mentioned Padellus
mahaleb (L.) Vassilcz. and Spiraea × vanhouttei
(Briot.) Zabel. After that, the inventory of parks
and garden squares in Kryvyi Rih was not
conducted and becomes a necessary task for
today.
This work aimed to revise the family
Rosaceae in parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih
city and to investigate vitality, longevity, and
current decorativeness of its representatives.
As well, to outline the perspectives of the
application of Rosaceae representatives in the
landscaping of the region.
Material and methods
Investigations were conducted in 23 parks and
93 garden squares located in seven districts
of Kryvyi Rih city (Fig. 1). All these parks and
squares officially belong to the Management
of housing and communal services of the City
Executive Committee.
Only in two parks and 17 garden squares,
Rosaceae were not detected. In all other
localities, surveys were conducted by the
itinerary-visual method. The type of planting,
the location, number, and age of individuals,
as well as other parameters, were analyzed
directly during the surveys. Identification of
taxa was partly conducted directly in the field
and partly – later, based on collected herbarium
material with the use of identification guides
(Kokhno et al., 2005). Taxa names are provided
following ICN (2012) and IPNI (2013).
Vital condition of broad-leaved trees
was evaluated following Saveleva’s (1975)
scale: 8 – the plant is robust, with intensive
growth; 7 – the plant is robust, but growth
is slowed down; 6 – apical growth is absent;
5 – accretion present only on lateral branches;
4 – accretion present only on lower lateral
branches; 3 – accretion realized only by
epicormic branches; 2 – only vegetative shoots
are growing on the trunk, the crown of the tree
shrinks out; 1 – only sprouts are present, the
most of tree is dead; 0 – a tree is completely
dead, including roots, any sprouts are absent.
Plant Introduction • 85/86 67
Rosaceae in the decorative plantings of Kryvyi Rih
Figure 1. Administrative-territorial division of Kryvyi Rih city with locations of parks: 1 – Pivnichnyi; 2 – Veseli
Terny; 3 – Ternivskyi; 4 – Shakhtarskyi; 5 – Dytiachyi; 6 – Park of Suvorov; 7 – Kosmonavtiv; 8 – Rudanivskyi;
9 – near Palace of culture of the mine “Rodina”; 10 – Yuvileinyi; 11 – Zaliznychnykiv; 12 – Druzhba; 13 – Park
of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi; 14 – Heroyiv; 15 – Budivelnykiv; 16 – Park of Yurii Haharin; 17 – Park of Fedir
Mershavtsev; 18 – Park of I. Pavlov; 19 – Park of О. Yehorov; 20 – Inhuletskyi; 21 – Yunatskyi; 22 – Park of
І.І. Savytskyi. Number of taxa: – 11–30; – 31–50; – 51–70; – 71–90.
68 Plant Introduction • 85/86
Y.S. Yukhimenko, I.I. Korshykov
Vital condition of broad-leaved shrubs
was evaluated following the scale based
on Luchnyk’s (1988) classification: 1 – high,
intensive growth of the plant, the number
of new branches is higher than dead ones;
2 – moderate, the number of new branches
is the same or slightly less than dead ones;
3 – a scanty, strong decrease of growth
processes, the number of dead branches is
higher that newly formed ones; 4 – low, shrub
shrinks, new branches are few and weak if the
plant has rhizome – the central part of such
plant is dead and only low peripheral particles
are alive; 5 – very low, the plant is completely
dead.
The geographical analysis was realized in
the context of the floristic regionalization
of the Earth developed by Takhtajan (1978).
Biomorphological study of cultivated flora
was conducted following Serebryakov (1964).
Plants were subdivided onto the classes by
their height following Kolesnikov’s (1974) scales
for trees (I – 20 m, II – 10–20 m, III – 5–10 m)
and shrubs (I – 2–5 m, II – 1–2 m, III – 0.5–1 m).
The plants also were subdivided by age classes,
independent for trees (I – 0–20 years; II – 21–
40 years, III – 41–60 years, IV – 61–80 years,
V – 81–100 years) and shrubs (I – 0–10 years;
II – 11–20 years, III – 21–30 years, IV – 31–40
years). The age of plants was established by
indirect calculations, taking into account
species, trunk diameter, the general condition
of an individual plant, growing conditions, etc.
The occurrence coefficient was calculated
as a relation of the number of areas with
certain taxon to the total number of observed
areas (parks and squares). Decorativeness was
evaluated with the use of Vardanyan’s (2017)
modified scale, which is based initially on
a comprehensive evaluation of the plant by
nine criteria (with five points each) during the
year and the following summation of resulting
scores with winter hardiness grade. We
substituted the winter hardiness for drought
tolerance because it is more critical for dry
conditions of the steppe zone. In turn, drought
tolerance has been evaluated following
modified scale of Pyatnitskiy (1961): 7 – plants
without any evidence of drought influence,
6 – leaves loss turgor partly, 5 – leaves get
partly damaged, obtain marginal necrosis,
become brown and after that falling, 4 – leaves
untimely obtain autumn coloration, 3 – young
shouts death, 2 – the death of aboveground part
of the plant, 1 – plant completely dead. Hence,
by decorative value the plants were subdivided
into classes: 1 – low decorativeness, plants
received less than 25 points; 2 – moderate
decorativeness, plants received 26–30 points;
3 – high decorativeness, plants received 31–35
points; 4 – exceptional decorativeness, plants
received over 35 points.
Results and discussion
The inventory of plantings of the parks and
garden squares of Kryvyi Rih revealed that
family Rosaceae is represented here by 43
species, five hybrids, and five cultivars, which
belong to 20 genera. The most diverse is the
genus Spiraea (seven taxa). The second place
has genus Sorbus (five taxa), third place share
genera Cotoneaster (four taxa), Mаlus (four
taxa), Padus (four taxa), and Prunus (four taxa).
The rest of Rosaceae genera are represented
here only by one to three taxa. Together they
represent five regions of the temperate zone of
the world (Takhtajan, 1978). Taxa from Eastern-
Asian (36.5 %) and Circumboreal regions
(34.6 %) are predominating. Taxa from North
American (13.5 %), Irano-Turanian (13.5 %),
and Mediterranean (1.9 %) regions are weakly
represented here.
The number of green areas, as well as the
taxonomic diversity of Rosaceae growing
there, differ dependently from the district
of the city. In particular, in Ternivskyi
district three parks of common use and two
green areas of restricted access are located
(the square of an industrial ground of the
Northern Ore-Dressing and Processing
Enterprise and the garden of the City Hospital
Nr. 7), which comprises 30 species and one
cultivar belonging to 18 genera of Rosaceae.
In Pokrovskyi district there are located
four parks and three garden squares with
11 species and one cultivar from the nine
genera of Rosaceae. In Saksaganskyi district,
there are two parks and 17 garden squares
with 23 species and three cultivars from
16 genera of Rosaceae. In Dovhyntsivskyi
district in three parks and 10 garden squares
19 species belonging to 14 genera of Rosaceae
are distributed. Metalurgiynyi district has
three parks and 26 garden squares with 26
species and three cultivars from 19 genera
of the family. Tsentralno-Miskyi district has
Plant Introduction • 85/86 69
Rosaceae in the decorative plantings of Kryvyi Rih
arboretum (former botanical garden of the
Kryvyi Rih State University, which currently
is a garden square), three parks, and seven
garden squares, which together comprises
26 species and three cultivars belonging to
19 genera of the family. Finally, in Inhuletskyi
district, there are two parks and 20 garden
squares with 25 species and one cultivar
belonging to 16 genera of Rosaceae.
In Kryvyi Rih, the cultivated dendroflora of
parks and garden squares has a total of 202
species and cultivars belonging to 89 genera
and 41 families (Terlyga et al., 2014). 16 species
of Rosaceae were found the most used
(with over 200 registered plants per each)
in the landscaping of the city: Armeniaca
vulgaris Lam., Cerasus avium (L.) Moench,
C. tomentosa (Thunb.) Yas. Endo, Crataegus
fallacina Klokov, Cуdonia oblonga Mill.,
Mаlus domestica Borkh., Padus serotina
Borkh., Physocarpus opulifolia Raf., Prunus
divaricata Ledeb., P. pissardi Carrière,
Pyrus communis L., Rosa canina L., Sorbus
aucuparia L., Padus avium Mill., Padellus
mahaleb, and Spiraea × vanhouttei (Table 1).
Thirteen Rosaceae taxa (about quarter) were
found to be moderately represented in flora of
parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih and comprise
from 100 to 200 plants each: Amelanchier
spicata K. Koch, Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.)
Elliott, Cerasus vulgaris Mill., Chaenomeles
maulei (Mast.) C.K. Schneid., Mаlus sуlvestris
(L.) Mill., Padus virginiana (L.) Mill., Physocarpus
intermedia (Rydb.) C.K. Schneid., Рrunus
domestica L., Р. domestica L. ‘Wengerka’, Rubus
idaeus L., R. caesius L., Sorbus intermedia
(Ehrh.) Pers., and Spiraea japonica Raf.
Other taxa, which are promising for
landscaping, are quite rare in parks and
garden squares of Kryvyi Rih and comprises
less than 100 plants each: Amelanchier florida
Lindl., Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai,
Cotoneaster dammeri C.K. Schneid., C. lucidus
Schlecht., C. procumbens G. Klotz., C. × suecica
G. Klodz., Crataegus submollis Sarg., Kerria
japonica (L.) DC. ‘Pleniflora’, Louiseania triloba
(Lindl.) Pachom., L. ulmifolia (Franch.) Pachom.,
Mаlus baccata (L.) Borkh., M. prunifolia
(Willd.) Borkh., Persica vulgaris Mill., Sorbus
aucuparia L. ‘Pendula’, S. × thuringiaca (Nyman)
Schönach, S. torminalis (L.) Crantz, Spiraea
cantoniensis Lour., S. japonica ‘Macrophylla’,
S. × bumalda Burv., S. × bumalda ‘Goldflame’,
S. media F. Schmidt.
Among the life forms, shrubs are
predominating by both occurrences and
taxonomic diversity, representing 56.0 % of
the total number of Rosaceae taxa in parks
and squares of Kryvyi Rih. The amount of low-
growing shrubs is 25.0 % (13 taxa), medium-
sized shrubs – 19.3 % (10 taxa), and high shrubs
– 11.5 %. Trees are mostly represented by third
class of height (18 taxa, 34.6 %), while trees
of the second class of height are much less
diverse (5 taxa, 9.6 %). In general, shrubs of III-
IV age class (21–40 years old) and trees of II age
class (21–40 years old too) are more abundant,
representing about 70.0 % of the total number
of investigated plants.
Observed trees are mostly single planted,
rarely – they grow as small groups or solitaires
(e.g., Pyrus communis). Solitaire of Sorbus
× thuringiaca was found in the park Yunatskyi
(Inhuletskyi district). Moved bordure (0.5 m
high) formed by Cуdonia oblonga was located
along the central lane in the square on
Sedneva str. (Inhuletskyi district). Shrubs
are mostly planted as small groups. Alley
planting is represented only in the Park of
Fedir Mershavtsev, where plants of Crataegus
fallacina are shaped as single-trunk small
trees. Plants of another species, Crataegus
submollis, are formed as few-trunk small trees
and used for solitaire in the park Yunatskyi.
Most parks and garden squares in Kryvyi
Rih are located along the rivers Saksahan
and Inhulets, i.e., in the best-watered places.
However, some of the plantings are located far
from natural water reservoirs and suffer from
drought, dust, and gas pollution. This results
in lower decorativeness and vitality of woody
plants. Moreover, the condition of such plants
also strictly depends on age, plantation density
and solidity of crowns, and care works. Finally,
the zonality of plantings also has a great
influence on the growth of many species. In
particular, a comparison of vitality parameters
for plants from two remotely located districts,
Ternivskiy in north and Inhuletskiy in the
south, revealed that the in last district plants
grow slowly with a weaker increase of height,
have more dead branches, the irregular shape
of crown, etc.
Analysis of vitality revealed that trees are
more vulnerable, especially representatives
of the genera Cerasus, Mаlus, Padus, Prunus,
and Sorbus. Although most trees (about 70 %)
have satisfactory vitality, many plants from
70 Plant Introduction • 85/86
Y.S. Yukhimenko, I.I. Korshykov
Taxa
Occurrence
coefficient
Ag
e
cl
as
s
Bi
om
or
ph
ic
ty
pe
an
d
cl
as
s
of
h
ei
gh
t *
C
om
po
si
tio
n
ty
pe
*
*
Vi
ta
lit
y
D
ec
or
at
iv
en
es
s
Pa
rk
s
(2
2)
Sq
ua
re
s
(9
3)
Amelanchier florida Lindl. 0 1 III S, I Gr. 2 4
Amelanchier spicata K. Koch 4 0 III S, I Gr. 1 4
Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. 54 25 II, III T, III Sing., Gr. 6–8 4
Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott 4 9 II, III S, I Gr. 1–2 4
Cerasus avium (L.) Moench 23 4 I, II T, III Sing., Gr. 6–8 4
Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Yas. Endo 18 5 II S, III Gr. 1–3 4
Cerasus vulgaris Mill. 9 7 II, III T, III Sing., Gr. 7–8 4
Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach 14 6 I–IV S, III Gr. 1–3 4
Chaenomeles maulei (Mast.) C. K. Schneid. 9 2 I–IV S, III Gr. 1 4
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai 0 1 I–IV S, III Gr. 1 4
Cotoneaster dammeri C.K. Schneid. 0 1 I S, III Gr. 1 4
Cotoneaster lucidus Schlecht. 4 0 II, III S, II Gr. 1–2 4
Cotoneaster procumbens G. Klotz. 0 2 I S, III Gr. 1 4
Cotoneaster × suecica G. Klodz. 0 1 I S, III Gr. 1 4
Crataegus fallacina Klokov 46 3 I–IV S, I Sing., Gr., All. I 4
Crataegus submollis Sarg. 4 0 II S, I Sol. 1 4
Cуdonia oblonga Mill. 23 4 II–IV T, III Gr., Brd. 8 4
Kerria japonica (L.) DC. ‘Pleniflora’ 0 2 II S, III Gr. 1 3
Louiseania triloba (Lindl.) Pachom. 0 1 II S, III Gr. 2 3
Louiseania ulmifolia (Franch.) Pachom. 0 1 II S, II Gr. 1 3
Mаlus baccata (L.) Borkh. 0 1 III T, III Sing. 8 4
Mаlus domestica Borkh. 45 12 I–III T, III Sing., Gr. 5–8 4
Mаlus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh. 0 1 II T, III Sing., Gr. 5–7 4
Mаlus sуlvestris (L.) Mill. 20 10 II–III T, III Sing. 6–7 4
Padus avium Mill. 27 3 III T, II Sing., Gr. 7–8 3
Padus mahaleb Borkh. 14 3 II–IV T, II Sing., Gr. 7–8 3
Padus serotina Borkh. 18 7 III T, II Sing., Gr. 7–8 3
Padus virginiana (L.) Mill. 4 1 III–IV T, II Sing., Gr. 8 4
Persica vulgaris Mill. 0 2 I–II T, III Sing. 7–8 3
Physocarpus intermedia (Rydb.) C.K. Schneid. 4 2 III–IV S, II Gr., Hdg. 1–2 3
Physocarpus opulifolia Raf. 50 4 III–IV S, II Gr., Hdg. 1–2 3
Prunus divaricata Ledeb. 14 5 I–III T, III Sing. 5–8 4
Table 1. Rosaceae in plantings of parks and garden squares of Kryvyi Rih.
Note: * S – shrub; T – tree. ** Sing. – single planting; Gr. – group; All. – alley; Brd. – bordure; Hdg. – hedge;
Sol. – solitaire.
Plant Introduction • 85/86 71
Rosaceae in the decorative plantings of Kryvyi Rih
Taxa
Occurrence
coefficient
Ag
e
cl
as
s
Bi
om
or
ph
ic
ty
pe
an
d
cl
as
s
of
h
ei
gh
t *
C
om
po
si
tio
n
ty
pe
*
*
Vi
ta
lit
y
D
ec
or
at
iv
en
es
s
Pa
rk
s
(2
2)
Sq
ua
re
s
(9
3)
Рrunus domestica L. 10 0 II T, III Sing. 5–8 4
Рrunus domestica L. ‘Wengerka’ 45 9 II T, III Sing., 6 4
Prunus pissardi Carrière 18 8 I–III T, III Gr. 4–8 4
Pyracantha coccinea (L.) M. Roem. 0 1 I S, II Gr. 1–2 4
Pyrus communis L. 45 11 I–IV T, II Sol., Sing., Gr. 8 3
Rosa canina L. 64 31 I–III S, II Sing., Gr. 1 3
Rubus caesus L. 4 0 II–III S, II Sing. 1 3
Rubus idaeus L. 9 0 II–III S, II Sing., Gr. 1 3
Sorbus aucuparia L. 68 39 I–III T, III Sing., Gr. 6–7 4
Sorbus aucuparia L. ‘Pendula’ 0 1 I T, III Sing. 8 4
Sorbus intermedia (Ehrh.) Pers. 4 2 II–III T, III Gr. 8 4
Sorbus × thuringiaca (Nyman) Schönach 4 2 II–III T, III Gr. 8 4
Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz 4 0 III T, III Sol. 8 4
Spiraea × bumalda Burv. 4 0 I–II S, III Gr. 1 4
Spiraea × bumalda Burv. ‘Goldflame’ 0 2 I S, III Gr. 1 4
Spiraea cantoniensis Lour. 9 0 II S, II Gr. 1 4
Spiraea japonica Raf. 4 2 I–II S, III Gr. 1 4
Spiraea japonica Raf. ‘Macrophylla’ 9 2 I–II S, II Gr. 1 4
Spiraea media F. Schmidt 4 0 III–IV S, III Gr. 1 3
Spiraea x vanhouttei (Briot) Zabel 41 44 III–IV S, I Gr. 1 4
Table 1. Continued.
Note: * S – shrub; T – tree. ** Sing. – single planting; Gr. – group; All. – alley; Brd. – bordure; Hdg. – hedge;
Sol. – solitaire.
the plantings of Armeniaca vulgaris, Cerasus
avium, Mаlus prunifolia, Prunus divaricata,
Р. domestica, and Sorbus aucuparia have
5–6 grades of vitality only. Shrubs appeared
to be more labile to urban-technological
environment conditions. They actively renew
from underground buds if remove the dead
branches. Hence, the vitality for the most
shrubs was evaluated as high (first grade), and
for the rest – as moderate (second grades).
About 60 % of investigated plantings
of Kryvyi Rih are left without care, and
their distant parts look like dense tangles
formed by self-sown plants, among which
are Acer negundo L., A. platanoides L.,
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Robinia
pseudoacacia L., Ulmus pumila L., Morus
nigra L., Fraxinus lanceolata Borkh. and
other. Mass self-seeding also observed for
some Rosaceae, including Crataegus fallacina
and Padus mahaleb. Sometimes self-seeding
also occurs in Cerasus vulgaris, C. avium,
Рrunus domestica, and Pyrus communis.
Such uncontrolled self-recovering of woody
vegetation can result in a complete change
of species composition of these plantings
because self-seeded and spear-originated
ones will substitute artificially planted plants.
Trees and shrubs of Rosaceae are very
decorative plants with numerous and
72 Plant Introduction • 85/86
Y.S. Yukhimenko, I.I. Korshykov
attractive flowers, which can be both solitary
or gathered in inflorescences. Usually, these
plants have flowers of white or pink tints,
and only Kerria japonica ‘Pleniflora’ has the
yellow coloration of the perianth. The most
representatives (38 taxa) of Rosaceae in Kryvyi
Rih were evaluated as exceptionally decorative
(4 grades), the rest – as highly decorative
(3 grades).
Presence of some rare and unusual
representatives of Rosaceae, which are
perfectly adapted to the urban-technological
environment of Kryviy Rih testify to the
possibility of their future use in landscaping.
For example, Chaenomeles speciosa,
Cotoneaster divaricatus Rehd. et Wils., Padus
serotina, Prunus pissardi, Sorbus aucuparia,
and Spiraea × bumalda ‘Goldflame’ were
successfully introduced in parks and squares
during the last five years. However, the
significant disadvantage is the low variation of
newly created compositions and their greatly
simplified structure (e.g., absence of accent-
creating and nicely flowering plants). Regular
care is realized only in few such plantings.
Parks and squares can be effectively
enriched by Rosaceae from the collection of
woody cultures of the Kryviy Rih Botanical
Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. Today this
collection hosts over 330 taxa from 31 genera
of Rosaceae, which were tested during many-
years of introductive trial. Most of these taxa
revealed to be drought-tolerant and suitable
for growth in the condition of an industrial
city. Amelanchier utahensis Koehne, Cerasus
besseyi Smyth, Chaenomeles speciosa ‘Brilliant’,
Cotoneaster gracilis Rehder et E.H. Wilson,
C. × suecicus G. Klotz ‘Coral Beauty’, Crataegus
microphylla K. Koch, Padus virginiana (L.) Mill.,
Pyrus salicifolia Pall., Physocarpus ribesifolius
Komarov, Sorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A. Braun,
Spiraea menziesii Hook., Spiraea prunifolia
Siebold et Zacc. ‘Plena’ and some other taxa
were found to be the most perspective for
such purposes.
Conclusions
1. 43 species, five hybrids, and five
cultivars were revealed in 23 parks and 93
garden squares of Kryviy Rih; this corresponds
to 26.0 % from the total amount of taxa
represented there.
2. In two parks and 17 squares,
representatives of Rosaceae were not found;
this corresponds to 16 %.
3. Rosaceae in plantings of Kryviy Rih is
mostly represented by trees of third height
and low-growing shrubs, which were aged
from 20 to 40 years and are tolerant to the
conditions of this region.
4. The most diverse is genus Spiraea with
seven taxa, second place belongs to genus
Sorbus with five taxa. Plants from East-Asian
(36.5 %) and Circumboreal (34.6 %) floristic
regions predominate there.
5. Rosaceae trees are mostly planted as
single plants, while shrubs – in groups.
6. The vitality of most examined woody
plants is satisfactory and has been evaluated
with 7–8 grades for trees (70 %) and 1–2 grades
for shrubs (90 %).
7. Parks and garden squares can be
enriched by plants of Rosaceae from the
collection of woody cultures of the Kryviy Rih
Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine.
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Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного
структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.)
Ю.С. Юхименко 1, 2, *, І.І. Коршиков 1, 2
1 Криворізький ботанічний сад НАН України, вул. Маршака, 50, м. Кривий Ріг, Дніпропетровська
обл., 50089, Україна; * yukhimenkoj@gmail.com
2 Донецький ботанічний сад НАН України, вул. Маршака, 16а, м. Кривий Ріг, Дніпропетровська обл.,
50089, Україна
74 Plant Introduction • 85/86
Y.S. Yukhimenko, I.I. Korshykov
Мета – визначити різноманітність представників родини Rosaceae в парках та скверах м. Кривий Ріг,
оцінити їхню життєздатність, довговічність, декоративність і перспективи подальшого використання
в озелененні регіону.
Матеріал та методи. Об’єкт досліджень – насадження представників родини Rosaceae у парках та
скверах м. Кривий Ріг. Методи досліджень – візуальні, морфометричні, статистичні.
Результати. У насадженнях парків та скверів м. Кривий Ріг родина Rosaceae є найчисельнішою
(представлена 43 видами, п’ятьма гібридами та п’ятьма культиварами, які належать до 20 родів).
Перше місце за кількістю таксонів посідає рід Spiraea (сім), друге – Sorbus (п’ять), третє – роди Cotoneaster
(чотири), Mаlus (чотири), Padus (чотири) і Prunus (чотири таксони). Решта родів презентовані одним-
трьома таксонами. Географічний аналіз показав значне переважання видів із Східноазійської (36,5 %)
та Циркумбореальної (34,6 %) областей. Серед життєвих форм у таксономічному та кількісному
відношенні дещо переважають чагарники, на частку яких припадає 56 % від загальної кількості
видів і культиварів. Переважають дерева третьої величини (34,6 %) та низькорослі чагарники (25 %).
Найбільшою є частка 20–40-річних чагарників і дерев (близько 70 %). Найвищий рівень життєвого
стану встановлено у 60 % рослин, середній – у 30 %, низький – у 10 %. До високодекоративних рослин
віднесено 72 %, до декоративних – 28 %. Оптимізація насаджень парків і скверів населених пунктів
можлива за рахунок використання колекційного фонду деревних рослин Криворізького ботанічного
саду НАН України, який налічує близько 350 видів, різновидів та культиварів із представників 31
роду родини Rosaceae.
Висновки. Більшість видів та культиварів родини Rosaceae в умовах великого промислового міста
у степовій зоні України характеризуються високою життєздатністю та декоративністю. Ці рослини
заслуговують на широке використання в озелененні населених пунктів Правобережного степового
Придніпров’я.
Ключові слова: Rosaceae, трапляння видів, таксономічний склад, вікова структура, декоративність, життєвий стан
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1559 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:41Z |
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| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-15592023-08-26T20:39:45Z Representatives of Rosaceae Juss. in the various structure-functional types of decorative plantings of Kryvyi Rih city (Dnipropetrovsk region, Ukraine) Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.) Yukhimenko, Y.S. Korshykov, I.I. The objective of this study was to define the diversity of Rosaceae representatives in parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih city and to evaluate their vitality, longevity, and perspectives of a further application for landscaping of the region. Material and methods. The object of our study were Rosaceae plantings in parks and garden squares of Kryvyi Rih. We used visual, morphometric, and statistical methods. Results. In the parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih, family Rosaceae is the most diverse – it is represented by 43 species, five hybrids, and five cultivars, which together belong to 20 genera. The most represented genera are Spiraea (seven taxa), Sorbus (five), Cotoneaster (four), Malus (four), Padus (four), and Prunus (four), while the rest of genera comprises from one to three taxa. The geographic analysis suggests a significant prevalence of species from East-Asian (36.5 %) and Circumboreal (34.6 %) regions. According to the distribution of life forms, there is some predominance of shrubs; they represent 56 % of the total number of Rosaceae. With regard to height classes, trees of the third class of size (34.6 %) and undersized shrubs (25 %) prevail. As for age structure, 20–40-year-old shrubs and trees (about 70 %) predominate. The highest level of the vital state is noted for 60 % of plants of this family, the average level – for 30 %, and low level – for 10 %. 72 % of evaluated plants were classified as highly decorative and 28 % as decorative. In the future, enrichment of plantings of the region may be carried out by using the collection stock of arboreal plants of Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, comprising about 350 species, varieties, and cultivars of 31 genera of the family Rosaceae. Conclusions. Most of the investigated Rosaceae plants, in conditions of a large industrial city located in the Steppe zone of Ukraine, were characterized by high viability and decorativeness. Hence, these plants deserve to be more widely used for the greening of cities and towns of the Right-Bank of the Steppe zone of Ukraine. Мета – визначити різноманітність представників родини Rosaceae в парках та скверах м. Кривий Ріг, оцінити їхню життєздатність, довговічність, декоративність і перспективи подальшого використання в озелененні регіону. Матеріал та методи. Об’єкт досліджень – насадження представників родини Rosaceae у парках та скверах м. Кривий Ріг. Методи досліджень – візуальні, морфометричні, статистичні. Результати. У насадженнях парків та скверів м. Кривий Ріг родина Rosaceae є найчисельнішою (представлена 43 видами, п’ятьма гібридами та п’ятьма культиварами, які належать до 20 родів). Перше місце за кількістю таксонів посідає рід Spiraea (сім), друге – Sorbus (п’ять), третє – роди Cotoneaster (чотири), Mаlus (чотири), Padus (чотири) і Prunus (чотири таксони). Решта родів презентовані одним-трьома таксонами. Географічний аналіз показав значне переважання видів із Східноазійської (36,5 %) та Циркумбореальної (34,6 %) областей. Серед життєвих форм у таксономічному та кількісному відношенні дещо переважають чагарники, на частку яких припадає 56 % від загальної кількості видів і культиварів. Переважають дерева третьої величини (34,6 %) та низькорослі чагарники (25 %). Найбільшою є частка 20–40-річних чагарників і дерев (близько 70 %). Найвищий рівень життєвого стану встановлено у 60 % рослин, середній – у 30 %, низький – у 10 %. До високодекоративних рослин віднесено 72 %, до декоративних – 28 %. Оптимізація насаджень парків і скверів населених пунктів можлива за рахунок використання колекційного фонду деревних рослин Криворізького ботанічного саду НАН України, який налічує близько 350 видів, різновидів та культиварів із представників 31 роду родини Rosaceae. Висновки. Більшість видів та культиварів родини Rosaceae в умовах великого промислового міста у степовій зоні України характеризуються високою життєздатністю та декоративністю. Ці рослини заслуговують на широке використання в озелененні населених пунктів Правобережного степового Придніпров’я. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2020-06-30 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1559 10.46341/PI2020013 Plant Introduction; No 85/86 (2020); 65-74 Інтродукція Рослин; № 85/86 (2020); 65-74 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI85-86 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1559/1487 Copyright (c) 2020 Y.S. Yukhimenko, I.I. Korshykov http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Yukhimenko, Y.S. Korshykov, I.I. Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.) |
| title | Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.) |
| title_alt | Representatives of Rosaceae Juss. in the various structure-functional types of decorative plantings of Kryvyi Rih city (Dnipropetrovsk region, Ukraine) |
| title_full | Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.) |
| title_fullStr | Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.) |
| title_short | Представники родини Rosaceae Juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. Кривий Ріг (Дніпропетровська обл.) |
| title_sort | представники родини rosaceae juss. у декоративних насадженнях різного структурно-функціонального типу у м. кривий ріг (дніпропетровська обл.) |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1559 |
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