Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України
The research was carried out during Crocus reticulatus flowering time in 2002–2020 at the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Crocus reticulatus was introduced to the NBG from the natural habit...
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| author | Gritsenko, Victoria |
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| description | The research was carried out during Crocus reticulatus flowering time in 2002–2020 at the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Crocus reticulatus was introduced to the NBG from the natural habitats in 2002–2003. Ten generative individuals were planted in an area of 2 m2. The area of coenopopulation and the number of individuals increased gradually until 2018. In 2019–2020, there was a rapid increase in the covered area and number of individuals. However, the average density of individuals decreased. The percentage of pregenerative plants (juvenile, immature, and virginal) increased, and the percentage of generative individuals decreased. As of 2020, the area of introduced coenopopulation of C. reticulatus at the NBG reached 195 m2. It consists of 175 individuals (38 juvenile, 21 immature, 23 virginal, and 93 generative). The average density is 0.9 individuals per 1 m2. The spatial distribution of individuals is characterized as random and in groups. This is due to the predominance of the myrmecochoric and barochoric propagation. Indicators of the area, number, and average density of the introduced coenopopulation are within the normal ranges of the natural populations; however, they are smaller than those in maternal populations. The number of individuals of different age states and the number of individuals with one and two or three flowers in the introduced coenopopulation is close to such parameters of the natural population from Kyiv Plateau. Flowers of different colors were observed both in the introduced coenopopulation and in natural populations of C. reticulatus. As of 2020, the introduced coenopopulation of C. reticulatus is in the phase of logistic growth. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2020036 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:45Z |
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Plant Introduction, 87/88, 65–75 (2020)
© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Formation of the introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus on the
botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M. M. Gryshko
National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
Introduction
Crocus reticulatus Steven ex Adam (Iridaceae
Juss.) is a sub-Mediterranean-Asia Minor
species on the north-eastern border of the
range, listed in the Red Book of Ukraine under
the ‘not evaluated’ status (Korotchenko &
Peregrym, 2009). This species is distributed
in Central Europe, the Mediterranean, the
Ciscaucasia, the northern part of the Western
Caucasus, and Asia Minor. In Ukraine, the
species is common in the Right Bank and Left
Bank Forest-Steppe. It also rarely occurs in
the Steppe zone of Ukraine (Sobko et al., 2013).
Systematic position, distribution, ecological
and coenotic peculiarities, as well as the
ontogenesis, state of natural populations,
morphological parameters, and aspects
of in situ protection of C. reticulatus were
intensively investigated (Dirdovskiy, 1931;
Fomin & Bordzilovsky, 1950; Burda et al.,
1995; Kucherevsky, 2001; Ostapko, 2001;
Victoria Gritsenko
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tymiryazevska str. 1, 01014 Kyiv, Ukraine;
gritsenkoviktoria@gmail.com
Received: 27.10.2020 | Accepted: 25.12.2020 | Published: 30.12.2020
Abstract
The research was carried out during Crocus reticulatus flowering time in 2002–2020 at the botanical-
geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Crocus reticulatus was introduced to the NBG from the natural habitats in
2002–2003. Ten generative individuals were planted in an area of 2 m2. The area of coenopopulation and
the number of individuals increased gradually until 2018. In 2019–2020, there was a rapid increase in
the covered area and number of individuals. However, the average density of individuals decreased. The
percentage of pregenerative plants (juvenile, immature, and virginal) increased, and the percentage of
generative individuals decreased. As of 2020, the area of introduced coenopopulation of C. reticulatus at the
NBG reached 195 m2. It consists of 175 individuals (38 juvenile, 21 immature, 23 virginal, and 93 generative).
The average density is 0.9 individuals per 1 m2. The spatial distribution of individuals is characterized as
random and in groups. This is due to the predominance of the myrmecochoric and barochoric propagation.
Indicators of the area, number, and average density of the introduced coenopopulation are within the
normal ranges of the natural populations; however, they are smaller than those in maternal populations.
The number of individuals of different age states and the number of individuals with one and two or three
flowers in the introduced coenopopulation is close to such parameters of the natural population from Kyiv
Plateau. Flowers of different colors were observed both in the introduced coenopopulation and in natural
populations of C. reticulatus. As of 2020, the introduced coenopopulation of C. reticulatus is in the phase of
logistic growth.
Keywords: Crocus reticulatus, introduced coenopopulation, logistic growth, ex situ protection
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2020036
UDC 58.084:582.579.2 (477-25)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-6977
66 Plant Introduction • 87/88
V. Gritsenko
Gritsenko, 2004, 2007; Peregrym, 2004;
Bayrak & Stetsyuk, 2005; Bayrak et al., 2006;
Krivoruchko, 2006, 2008; Shynder, 2009, 2010;
Melnyk et al., 2010; Orlova & Boboshko, 2012;
Kushnir, 2015; Dakieva et al., 2017; Shilova
et al., 2019; Cherniavskih & Glubscheva, 2020;
Vladimirov et al., 2020). Based on the molecular
analysis, Harpke et al. (2014) revealed that
C. reticulatus is not an integral species but
represents an aggregate. Comparative analysis
of the morphological and leaf anatomical
characters of two species from this aggregate
has been recently presented by Ljubisavljević
& Raca (2020).
The introduction of plants listed in the Red
Book of Ukraine is an important aspect of their
ex situ protection (Melnyk et al., 2018). Crocus
reticulatus is an ornamental herbaceous
plant, early spring ephemeroid growing in
culture and semi-natural conditions in many
botanical gardens and arboretums of Ukraine
(Mashkovska, 2015). In particular, C. reticulatus
was introduced to the botanical-geographical
plots “Steppes of Ukraine”, “Caucasus”, and
“Rare plants of the Ukrainian flora” of the
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
(NBG) (Gritsenko, 2009; Kushnir, 2014;
Gritsenko et al., 2017). Simultaneously, Pavlova
& Kachur (2012) studied the introduction of the
genus Crocus (including C. reticulatus) in the
Donetsk Botanical Garden, National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine.
Experimental data and mathematical
models are widely applied to describe the
populations (Didukh, 1998; Rassadina &
Antonova, 2015; Ibragimova et al., 2017).
Experimental studies of introduced
populations of several rare plant species were
conducted at the NBG before (Gritsenko, 2007,
2014, 2017a, 2019a; Didenko, 2016; Gaponenko
& Gnatiuk, 2016). Melnyk et al. (2018) proposed
a new method of protection of floral diversity
ex situ by modeling introductory populations
in forest and steppe cultural phytocoenoses.
Kushnir (2015, 2019) studied the morphology
of the fruits, seeds, pollen grains, and leaves of
C. reticulatus basing on the NBG material.
In recent years, a rapid increase in the
number of individuals and the covering
area of C. reticulatus coenopopulation on
the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes
of Ukraine” at the NBG has been registered
(Gritsenko, 2019b). Hence, there was a strong
practical and theoretical need to investigate
this coenopopulation with the purposes of
introduction and ex situ conservation of
C. reticulatus and compare it with natural
populations.
Material and methods
The studies were conducted in 2002–2020
during C. reticulatus flowering time. The
material for introduction in sets of five
generative individuals was provided from
its natural populations from the Donetsk
Upland (by M. Peregrym in 2002) and the
Kyiv Plateau (by V. Gritsenko in 2003). Plants
were planted randomly on an area of 1.0×2.0 m
(S→N), becoming an initial diaspores source.
BA
Figure 1. The introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus on the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes
of Ukraine” at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, March 2020: A – general
view (white point indicates the coordinates centroid); B – the fragment. Scale: A – 10×10 m; B – 5 m.
Plant Introduction • 87/88 67
Introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
Single C. reticulatus individuals brought later
(Gritsenko, 2014) were planted in the nursery.
These individuals did not participate in the
formation of the introduced coenopopulation
of the species. The introduced coenopopulation
of C. reticulatus is located in the eastern part
of the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes
of Ukraine” (50.411978° N, 30.566114° E) of the
NBG (Fig. 1).
The NBG introduction plot was selected as
the most similar to the natural habitat in the
Kyiv region (mostly on the slopes of southern
exposition). However, it is characterized by a
slight inclination of the surface (about 10º) in
the south-eastern direction. Due to the slightly
different slope exposition, the indicators
of the thermal regimes of soil and air in the
experimental plot at the NBG are only slightly
higher.
The area of the introduced coenopopulation
of C. reticulatus was measured every year using
measuring tape and rounded with a precision
of 1 m2. The plants were neither damaged
nor excavated during the research. The age
states of C. reticulatus were determined by
analysis of the aboveground parts of the
plants (Gritsenko, 2004, 2007). The number
of generative individuals was being defined
annually. The number of individuals of all
age states ( juvenile, immature, virginal, and
generative) was checked in 2009, 2014, 2019,
and 2020. During these years, a significant
B DA C
F GE
Figure 2. Crocus reticulatus individuals: A – juvenile; B – immature; C – virginal; D–G – generative with one
(D), two (E), and three flowers (F), and with fruits (G). Scale = 2 cm.
68 Plant Introduction • 87/88
V. Gritsenko
increase in the number of individuals was
observed. The study of the coenopopulation
structure was conducted according to Uranov
(1976). When mapping the spatial location
of generative individuals, the area of the
coenopopulation was divided into 1×1 m plots,
using cords and tape measure. The arithmetic
mean was calculated following Lakin (1990).
Deviations of the author’s original data from
the data published in the literature were
calculated by the following formula:
Dev. = 100 – y × 100 / x,
where
x – original data,
y – literature data.
Plant names are provided according to The
Plant List (2020). Species were determined
following Prokudin (1987). All photos were
captured using a Canon Power Shot SD 4000
IS Digital ELPH camera.
Results and discussion
Area of the introduced population
The area of C. reticulatus introduction at
the NBG is characterized by the absence of
trees and shrubs (Fig. 1). Crocus reticulatus
grows there in the composition of meadow-
steppe cultural phytocoenosis, which is
characterized by considerable taxonomic
diversity (Gritsenko, 2017b). During the
flowering time of C. reticulatus (in March),
the early spring synusia comprise Ficaria
verna Huds., Gagea pusilla (F.W. Schmidt)
Sweet, and Scilla siberica Haw. The soil
surface is covered with a dense, 2–5 cm thick
layer of litter from the remains of various
plants of the previous year. The height of the
grass stand reaches 20 cm, and its projective
cover – 70 %. After a fruiting time (in the
second half of May), the aboveground parts
of C. reticulatus dry up and die. Then, due
to the growth and development of cereals
(Elymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis, E. repens (L.)
Gould, Festuca valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaudin,
Poa angustifolia L., etc.) and motley grasses
in May, the height of the grass stand can
exceed 1 m, and its total projective cover can
reach 100 %. Therefore, the conditions of this
meadow-steppe cultural phytocoenosis are
similar to natural ones.
Ontogenetic aspect
Several generations of introduced
C. reticulatus were formed at the botanical-
geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” until
2020. During flowering time (in March),
juvenile, immature, virginal, and generative
individuals (Fig. 2) were observed too.
Among the generative individuals, the most
frequent were those with one flower (65 such
individuals were observed in 2019, and 77 –
in 2020; Fig. 3). Plants with two flowers were
not widely spread (six such individuals were
observed in 2019, and 14 – in 2020; Fig. 2 E),
while those of three flowers were very rare
(none such individuals were observed in
2019, and only two plants – in 2020; Fig. 2 F).
Fruit ripening (Fig. 2 G) and seed dispersion
occur in May. The seeds germinate in the fall
of the same year (Gritsenko, 2004, 2007). It
takes five-seven years for C. reticulatus to
reach the generative state. In the generative
state, its individuals can exist for more than
Figure 3. Dynamics of age structure
and area of Crocus reticulatus
introduced coenopopulation in the
years of detailed research.
0
15 15.63 19.23 21.71
0
5 9.37
10.77 12
0
10
15.63
15.39 13.15
100
70
59.37 54.61 53.14
0
50
100
150
200
250
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2003 2009 2014 2019 2020
Ar
ea
Co
nt
rib
ut
io
n
Years
Juvenile Immature Virginal Generative Area, m²
Plant Introduction • 87/88 69
Introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
ten years. Hence, senile individuals at the
experimental plot at the NBG have not been
found.
In the spectra of age states (in 2009–2020),
the percentage of pregenerative individuals of
ontogenesis ( juvenile, immature, and virginal)
increased, and the percentage of generative
individuals decreased (Fig. 3).
Number and density of generative individuals
In 2003, due to the continued introduction
of generative individuals, their number
and average density doubled (Fig. 4). After
completing the introduction, in 2003–2008,
the coenopopulation area, the number,
and the average density of generative
individuals did not change. In 2009–2018, the
coenopopulation area and the total number
of generative individuals gradually increased;
however, the average density of generative
individuals decreased (Fig. 4). In 2019–2020,
there was a rapid increase in the coverage area
and the number of individuals (Fig. 4).
In 2020, the area of introduced
coenopopulation of C. reticulatus reached
195 m2 and comprised 93 generative
individuals. The average density of the
generative individuals reached 0.48 per 1 m2.
Hence, from 2003 to 2020, the area occupied
by C. reticulatus increased 97.5 times, and the
number of generative individuals increased 9.3
times.
Number and density of individuals belonging
to different ontogenetic stages
In 2003, only generative introduced
C. reticulatus individuals were available in
the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of
Ukraine” (Fig. 3). Over time, plants of the new
generations appeared. From 2003 till 2020, the
total number of juvenile, immature, virginal,
and generative individuals increased 17.5 times,
but their average density decreased (Fig. 4).
As of 2020, the introduced coenopopulation
of C. reticulatus consisted of 175 individuals
(38 juvenile, 21 immature, 23 virginal, and 93
generative), and their average density reached
0.9 individuals per 1 m2.
Development trends of introduced
coenopopulation
Obtained graph (Fig. 4) illustrates the initial
phase of logistic growth (Ricklefs, 1979;
Rassadina & Antonova, 2015) of C. reticulatus
introduced coenopopulation. The dynamics
of these parameters indicate the tendency to
further increase in the area and number of
individuals and stable positions of this species
in the investigated meadow-steppe cultural
phytocoenosis. This confirms the successful
reproduction and settlement of C. reticulatus
on the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of
Ukraine”. However, in other plots of the NBG
(“Caucasus” and “Rare plants of the Ukrainian
flora”), such rapid growth of C. reticulatus
coenopopulations was not observed.
Figure 4. Dynamics of area, number
of generative individuals, and
average density in Crocus reticulatus
introduced coenopopulation.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
50
100
150
200
250
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
Av
er
ag
e
de
ns
ity
Ar
ea
/
N
r
of
g
en
er
at
iv
e
in
di
vi
du
al
s
Years
Area, m² Nr of generative individuals
Average density per 1 m²
70 Plant Introduction • 87/88
V. Gritsenko
Spatial distribution and dissemination modes
The spatial distribution of individuals in the
introduced coenopopulation of C. reticulatus
is random and grouped. Single individuals
of different age states are distributed at the
coenopopulation edges and in its central
part. On the other hand, groups of individuals
of different age states occur in the central
part of the coenopopulation because of
the predominance of seed propagation and
different dissemination modes.
Cherniavskih & Glubscheva (2020)
found that the location and number of
C. reticulatus individuals with white flowers
in the population are random and probably
resulted from myrmecochory. We observed
the appearance of new single individuals,
particularly generative ones (Fig. 5 A), at a
distance of several meters from the previously
existing generative individuals, which may
result from myrmecochory. From the other
side, some pregenerative individuals were
located just near the maternal generative
individual (Fig. 5 B), which evidenced the
barochory.
The dynamics of the spatial distribution
of C. reticulatus in 2019–2020 illustrates the
increase in the area and number and the
decrease in the density of generative individuals
at the edges of the coenopopulation (Fig. 5 A).
This reflects general reduction of the average
density of generative individuals (Fig. 4).
Their much lower number at the edges of the
coenopopulation also explains the decrease in
the average density of all individuals. Hence,
with the increase of C. reticulatus population
area, the density of individuals on its margins
progressively decreases.
Flower coloration
Vladimirov et al. (2020) separated eight
morphotypes of C. reticulatus with the
differently colored perianth. Crocus reticulatus
plants with light violet (Fig. 2 E–F; Fig. 6 A),
light blue (Fig. 6 B), and white (Fig. 2 D;
Fig. 6 C) flowers are present in the investigated
BA
Figure 5. Spatial distribution of Crocus reticulatus individuals in the introduced coenopopulation: А – quantity
dynamics of generative individuals existed in 2019 (1) and newly appeared in 2020 (2), and the fragment
with the maximum density of generative individuals (3); B – individuals of different age states (j – juvenile,
im – immature, v – virginal, g – generative; arrow indicates perianth tube; scale = 4 cm).
Plant Introduction • 87/88 71
Introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
coenopopulation at the NBG. All flowers
have dark violet stripes on the outside of the
perigone segments. If an individual has several
flowers, they all have the same coloration
(Fig. 2 E–F). Flowers of different colors
were also observed in the species’ natural
populations (Korotchenko & Peregrym, 2009;
Cherniavskih & Glubscheva, 2020; Vladimirov
et al., 2020).
Comparison of obtained data with the results
from relevant sources
The parameters of the introduced
coenopopulation of C. reticulatus were
compared with the corresponding parameters
of the natural populations of this species.
Natural populations of C. reticulatus are
characterized by wide ranges of the covering
area (from thousands of a hectare up to dozens
of hectares), the number of individuals (from
tens to hundreds of thousands of individuals),
and the average density of individuals (from
0.1 to tens of individuals per 1 m2) (Gritsenko,
2004; Peregrym, 2004; Korotchenko &
Peregrym, 2009; Shynder, 2009, 2010; Melnyk
et al., 2010; Shilova et al., 2019; Cherniavskih
& Glubscheva, 2020; Vladimirov et al., 2020).
Hence, the introduced coenopopulation of
C. reticulatus from the NBG is completely
framed within these wide ranges. The natural
population of C. reticulatus with the similar
small area, number, and average density of
individuals was reported from Voronezh
region (Shilova et al., 2019). However, if
compared with original natural populations
from the Kyiv Plateau and Donetsk Upland,
the introduced coenopopulation at the NBG
is characterized by significantly lower area,
number, and average density of individuals
(Table 1).
By the number of individuals of different
age states, the introduced coenopopulation
is closer to the natural population on the Kyiv
Plateau (variation range is from –30.77 % to
+33.33 %) and differs from Donetsk Upland
natural populations (variation range is from
–91.67 % to +28.57 %) (Fig. 7).
B CA
Figure 6. Crocus reticulatus with flowers of different coloration: A – light violet; B – light blue; C – white.
Parameters
Introduced
coenopopulation.
NBG, 2020
Natural populations
Kyiv Plateau
(Gritsenko, 2004)
Donetsk Upland
(Peregrym, 2004;
Korotchenko &
Peregrym, 2009)
Voronezh region,
Russia (Shilova et al.,
2019)
Area, hectares 0.0195 8.0 2.0–45.0 0.01
Number of
individuals 175 300,000 Thousands 100
Average density of
individuals per 1 m2 0.9 4.0 13.0–15.0 1.0
Table 1. Comparison of introduced coenopopulation and natural populations of Crocus reticulatus.
72 Plant Introduction • 87/88
V. Gritsenko
21.71
14.06 15.55
12.00
9.37
23.12
13.15
17.19
16.64
53.14
59.38
55.00
33.33
28.57
25.00
-91.67
-30.77
-23.08
-11.32
-3.77
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Introduced
coenopopulation.
NBG, 2020
Natural population.
Kyiv Plateau
(Gritsenko, 2004)
Natural populations.
Donetsk Upland
(Peregrym, 2004) *
D
ev
ia
tio
n,
%
Pe
rc
en
ta
ge
o
f i
nd
iv
id
ua
ls
,
%
Juvenile Immature Virginal Generative
Juvenile Immature Virginal Generative
Figure 7. Number of individuals of different age stages in the introduced coenopopulation and natural
populations of Crocus reticulatus. * – the arithmetic mean of ten natural populations has been taken.
82.8
94.73
67
100
17.2
5.27
33
0
-14.41
19.08
-20.77
69.36
-91.86
100
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Introduced
coenopopulation.
NBG, 2020
Natural
population. Kyiv
Plateau
(Gritsenko, 2004)
Natural
population.
Poltavska oblast
(Orlova &
Boboshko, 2012)
Natural
population.
Ingushetia
Republic (Dakieva
et al., 2017)
D
ev
ia
tio
n,
%
Pe
rc
en
ta
ge
o
f i
nd
iv
id
ua
ls
,
%
One flower Two or three flowers One flower Two or three flowers
Figure 8. Variation of the flower number in the introduced coenopopulation and natural populations of
Crocus reticulatus.
Plant Introduction • 87/88 73
Introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
The number of immature individuals in
the natural and introduced populations is
characterized by the most extensive range
of variation, from –91.67 % to +25.00 %.
Simultaneously, juvenile, virginal, and
generative individuals have much smaller
ranges of variation (Fig. 7).
In the introduced coenopopulation and
natural populations of the species, plants
with a single flower predominate. The
general variation of the number of individuals
with one flower ranges only slightly. The
variation of individuals with two or three
flowers is much wider. Comparing the
number of flowers per plant, the introduced
coenopopulation of C. reticulatus is also
closer to the natural population on the Kyiv
Plateau (Fig. 8).
Conclusions
As of 2020, the introduced coenopopulation
of C. reticulatus at the NBG is in the phase of
logistic growth. Thus, it tends to increase the
area and number of individuals. Its parameters
lay within the frames inherent to the natural
populations. The conducted research testifies
its successful formation in the meadow-
steppe cultural phytocoenosis of the NBG.
Hence, this introduced coenopopulation
can be considered a model of C. reticulatus
natural population.
References
Bayrak, O. M., & Stetsyuk, N. O. (2005). Atlas of rare
and endangered plants of Poltava region. Poltava:
Verstka. (In Ukrainian)
Bayrak, O. M., Shevel, I. M., Gritsay, I. A.,
Krivoruchko T. V., & Nechitaylo, V. I. (2006).
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Plant Introduction • 87/88 75
Introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-
географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені
М. М. Гришка НАН України
Вікторія Гриценко
Національний ботанічний сад імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, вул. Тимірязєвська, 1, м. Київ, 01014,
Україна; gritsenkoviktoria@gmail.com
Дослідження виконано під час цвітіння Crocus reticulatus у 2002–2020 рр. на ботаніко-географічній
ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України (НБС).
Crocus reticulatus було інтродуковано в НБС з природних місцезростань у 2002–2003 рр. Десять
генеративних особин було висаджено на площі 2 м2. Площа ценопопуляції та кількість особин
збільшувались поступово до 2018 р. У 2019–2020 рр. відбувся стрімкий приріст площі та кількості
особин, однак їхня середня щільність зменшилась. У спектрах вікових станів збільшився відсоток
особин прегенеративного віку (ювенільних, імматурних і віргінільних) та зменшився відсоток
генеративних особин. Станом на 2020 р. площа інтродукційної ценопопуляції становила 195 м2, у її
складі налічувалось 175 особин (38 ювенільних, 21 імматурних, 23 віргінільних і 93 генеративних),
а середня щільність загалом становила 0,9 особин на 1 м2. Просторове розміщення особин можна
охарактеризувати як випадкове та групове. Це пов’язано з переважанням насіннєвого розмноження,
мірмеко- та барохорією. Показники площі, кількості та середньої щільності інтродукційної
ценопопуляції знаходяться в межах діапазонів відповідних параметрів природних популяцій, однак
є меншими, ніж у популяцій, які були вихідним джерелом інтродукційного матеріалу. За діапазонами
варіації кількості особин різних вікових станів і кількості особин з однією і двома або трьома квітками
інтродукційна ценопопуляція C. reticulatus ближча до природної популяції на Київському плато.
Різні за кольором квітки відмічено як в інтродукційній ценопопуляції, так і в природних популяціях
C. reticulatus.
Ключові слова: Crocus reticulatus, інтродукційна ценопопуляція, логістичний ріст, охорона ex situ
Pavlova, M. A., & Kachur, L. Y. (2012). Outcomes of
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1569 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/ac/d1106371d4e4335eaf69352bd6f81cac.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-15692023-08-26T20:39:33Z Formation of the introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus on the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України Gritsenko, Victoria The research was carried out during Crocus reticulatus flowering time in 2002–2020 at the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Crocus reticulatus was introduced to the NBG from the natural habitats in 2002–2003. Ten generative individuals were planted in an area of 2 m2. The area of coenopopulation and the number of individuals increased gradually until 2018. In 2019–2020, there was a rapid increase in the covered area and number of individuals. However, the average density of individuals decreased. The percentage of pregenerative plants (juvenile, immature, and virginal) increased, and the percentage of generative individuals decreased. As of 2020, the area of introduced coenopopulation of C. reticulatus at the NBG reached 195 m2. It consists of 175 individuals (38 juvenile, 21 immature, 23 virginal, and 93 generative). The average density is 0.9 individuals per 1 m2. The spatial distribution of individuals is characterized as random and in groups. This is due to the predominance of the myrmecochoric and barochoric propagation. Indicators of the area, number, and average density of the introduced coenopopulation are within the normal ranges of the natural populations; however, they are smaller than those in maternal populations. The number of individuals of different age states and the number of individuals with one and two or three flowers in the introduced coenopopulation is close to such parameters of the natural population from Kyiv Plateau. Flowers of different colors were observed both in the introduced coenopopulation and in natural populations of C. reticulatus. As of 2020, the introduced coenopopulation of C. reticulatus is in the phase of logistic growth. Дослідження виконано під час цвітіння Crocus reticulatus у 2002–2020 рр. на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України (НБС). Crocus reticulatus було інтродуковано в НБС з природних місцезростань у 2002–2003 рр. Десять генеративних особин було висаджено на площі 2 м2. Площа ценопопуляції та кількість особин збільшувались поступово до 2018 р. У 2019–2020 рр. відбувся стрімкий приріст площі та кількості особин, однак їхня середня щільність зменшилась. У спектрах вікових станів збільшився відсоток особин прегенеративного віку (ювенільних, імматурних і віргінільних) та зменшився відсоток генеративних особин. Станом на 2020 р. площа інтродукційної ценопопуляції становила 195 м2, у її складі налічувалось 175 особин (38 ювенільних, 21 імматурних, 23 віргінільних і 93 генеративних), а середня щільність загалом становила 0,9 особин на 1 м2. Просторове розміщення особин можна охарактеризувати як випадкове та групове. Це пов’язано з переважанням насіннєвого розмноження, мірмеко- та барохорією. Показники площі, кількості та середньої щільності інтродукційної ценопопуляції знаходяться в межах діапазонів відповідних параметрів природних популяцій, однак є меншими, ніж у популяцій, які були вихідним джерелом інтродукційного матеріалу. За діапазонами варіації кількості особин різних вікових станів і кількості особин з однією і двома або трьома квітками інтродукційна ценопопуляція C. reticulatus ближча до природної популяції на Київському плато. Різні за кольором квітки відмічено як в інтродукційній ценопопуляції, так і в природних популяціях C. reticulatus. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2020-12-30 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1569 10.46341/PI2020036 Plant Introduction; No 87/88 (2020); 65-75 Інтродукція Рослин; № 87/88 (2020); 65-75 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI87-88 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1569/1501 Copyright (c) 2020 Victoria Gritsenko http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Gritsenko, Victoria Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України |
| title | Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_alt | Formation of the introduced coenopopulation of Crocus reticulatus on the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| title_full | Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_fullStr | Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_full_unstemmed | Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_short | Формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції Crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “Степи України” Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України |
| title_sort | формування інтродукційної ценопопуляції crocus reticulatus на ботаніко-географічній ділянці “степи україни” національного ботанічного саду імені м. м. гришка нан україни |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1569 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gritsenkovictoria formationoftheintroducedcoenopopulationofcrocusreticulatusonthebotanicalgeographicalplotsteppesofukraineatthemmgryshkonationalbotanicalgardenofthenasofukraine AT gritsenkovictoria formuvannâíntrodukcíjnoícenopopulâcíícrocusreticulatusnabotaníkogeografíčníjdílâncístepiukraíninacíonalʹnogobotaníčnogosaduímenímmgriškananukraíni |