Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень
To develop measures for the restoration of historic plantations and landscapes of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine), the investigations of taxonomic composition and distribution of woody plant taxa, as well as structure of different landscape areas, were carried out in 2018–2019. The r...
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| description | To develop measures for the restoration of historic plantations and landscapes of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine), the investigations of taxonomic composition and distribution of woody plant taxa, as well as structure of different landscape areas, were carried out in 2018–2019. The recent studies were realized according to the same protocol applied in 1997 by Y. Klymenko, and taking into account previously published data.In 1939, the dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park comprised about 100 taxa. Later, the number of taxa significantly decreased, and in 1950 the park’s dendroflora comprised only about 40 taxa. In 1997 there were 74 taxa reported. Since 1997, the taxonomic composition of the park’s dendroflora has been enriched by ten taxa and is currently represented by 84 taxa. Simultaneously, the number of valuable plants in the plantations decreased (only one or two plants represent some such taxa). Due to a bark beetle attack on drought-weakened trees of Picea abies and P. pungens, most of them withered. The area of allotments with Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur remained almost the same, which indicates their stability. The area of allotments with the domination of such naturalized introducers as Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia and the area of allotments with the domination of neither taxa have increased. In the landscapes, the redistribution of the types of areas appeared. The forest type of landscape became predominant, while the meadow type of landscape has almost disappeared.Hence, to restore historical plantings and landscapes, it is necessary to re-cultivate taxa represented here during the park’s heyday and remove invasive tree species. Although cuttings in protected areas are currently prohibited, our investigations showed that they might help preserve such valuable territories as Nataliivskyi Park. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2020040 |
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Plant Introduction, 89/90, 3–12 (2021)
© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine): taxonomic
diversity and monitoring of plantations
Alla Hryhorenko 1, Yurii Klymenko 2
1 State Ecological Academy of Post-Graduate Education and Management, V. Lypkivskogo str. 35, 03035 Kyiv, Ukraine;
alla_gr@ukr.net
2 M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tymiryazevska str. 1, 01014 Kyiv, Ukraine;
klimenco109@ukr.net
Received: 23.10.2020 | Accepted: 07.02.2021 | Published online: 23.03.2021
Abstract
To develop measures for the restoration of historic plantations and landscapes of the Nataliivskyi Park
(Kharkiv region, Ukraine), the investigations of taxonomic composition and distribution of woody plant
taxa, as well as structure of different landscape areas, were carried out in 2018–2019. The recent studies
were realized according to the same protocol applied in 1997 by Y. Klymenko, and taking into account
previously published data.
In 1939, the dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park comprised about 100 taxa. Later, the number of taxa
significantly decreased, and in 1950 the park’s dendroflora comprised only about 40 taxa. In 1997 there
were 74 taxa reported. Since 1997, the taxonomic composition of the park’s dendroflora has been enriched
by ten taxa and is currently represented by 84 taxa. Simultaneously, the number of valuable plants in the
plantations decreased (only one or two plants represent some such taxa). Due to a bark beetle attack on
drought-weakened trees of Picea abies and P. pungens, most of them withered. The area of allotments with
Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur remained almost the same, which indicates their stability. The area of
allotments with the domination of such naturalized introducers as Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia
and the area of allotments with the domination of neither taxa have increased. In the landscapes, the
redistribution of the types of areas appeared. The forest type of landscape became predominant, while
the meadow type of landscape has almost disappeared.
Hence, to restore historical plantings and landscapes, it is necessary to re-cultivate taxa represented
here during the park’s heyday and remove invasive tree species. Although cuttings in protected areas are
currently prohibited, our investigations showed that they might help preserve such valuable territories as
Nataliivskyi Park.
Keywords: Nataliivskyi Park, monitoring, taxonomic structure, landscapes planning, wood plantings
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2020040
UDC 712.2(477.54)
Authors’ contributions: Alla Hryhorenko took part in park surveys in 2018–2019, composed species lists, worked on data discussion
and conclusions forming. Yurii Klymenko conducted a 1997 investigation, took part in 2018–2019 investigations, created illustrations,
worked on data discussion and conclusions forming.
Funding: The work has been conducted within the following research programs: 1997 – research program of the Dendrology and
Park Science Department of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden “Scientific principles of studying, preserving and forming
of cultural dendroflora gene pool in collection and park plantations of Polissya and Forest-Steppe of Ukraine” (state registration
number 01954002739); 2018–2019 – research program of the Dendrology Department of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical
Garden “Ecological and biological principles of enrichment, recovery, and preservation of the collection, urban and park man-made
phytocoenoses in Ukraine under conditions of climatic and anthropogenic changes” (state registration number 0115U000708).
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-054X
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-9527
4 Plant Introduction • 89/90
A. Hryhorenko, Y. Klymenko
Introduction
The monitoring of conditions of botanical
gardens and parks has great importance
for their preservation and restoration.
Every activity conducted in a park should
follow conclusions and recommendations of
monitoring reports. Monitoring also allows
revealing tendencies that can be predicted
for other similar areas. Methodological issues
of conservation and restoration of old parks
are discussed by many scientists (Bondar
et al., 1974; Agaltsova, 1980; Ilinskaya, 1984;
Uspenskaya et al., 1991; Sikora, 2016).
The Nataliivskyi Park was founded in 1884
by Ivan Kharytonenko in Volodymyrivka
village of Krasnokutsk district of Kharkiv
region, Ukraine. Only in certain places of the
primary park area, old trees of Quercus robur
L. grew, while most of the territory consisted
of bare sands. On the sands, Pinus sylvestris L.
plants were planted. As a result, the pine and
oak forests are attached to the contemporary
park area. Later, lawns and flowerbeds were
created near the buildings, and exotic plants
were planted closer to the river Merchyk
(Klymenko & Kuznetsov, 2015). Hence, the
elevation in the recent park area varies from
113 to 154 m a.s.l.
The Nataliivskyi Park was examined by one
of us in 1997 (Y. Klymenko, the results were not
published), and in 2018–2019 it was examined
for the second time by both of us using the
same protocols. During this time, there was
a lack of financial support for this park. Any
(including sanitary) felling was prohibited.
Moreover, tangible climate changes, including
extensive droughts, occurred.
Therefore, our recent examination was
important and should elucidate the influence
of mentioned factors on the taxonomic
composition and vegetation structure of the
Nataliivskyi Park.
Material and methods
The total area of Nataliivskyi Park covers 48 ha.
However, Mayak & Cherkasova (1989), as well as
the current landowner (Regional Tuberculosis
Sanatorium “Volodymyrskyi”), ascribe only
37.8 ha to the park territory. Our surveys were
realized by the route method in 2018–2019,
taking into account the last indicated area.
The park territory has been subdivided
into sections according to prevailing taxa and
vegetation types. Sections representing the
species with less than five plants per each
(i.e., sections with no prevailing species) were
marked with a special sign. Park landscapes
were classified according to Rubtsov (1956,
1979), who distinguished six their main types:
sylvatic, park, meadow, garden, regular,
and alpine. Basing on this classification and
topographical plan of the park received from
the Mapgeofund of Ukraine, the schematic plan
was drawn out, and the area of each landscape
type was calculated in ArcView GIS 3.2a
environment.
The plant names are provided according to
Plants of the World Online (2021).
Results and discussion
The schematic plan of plantings of the
Nataliivskyi Park in 1997 is represented in Fig. 1,
and the respective plan for 2019 – in Fig. 2. In
22 years, some buildings, including historical
ones, were destroyed. Some routes have
disappeared, and some new were created. In
general, the area under paths increased, while
the area covered by buildings decreased. The
area under plantings also slightly decreased
(from 34.65 ha in 1997 to 34.55 ha in 2019).
In 1939, in the Nataliivskyi Park, trees and
shrubs of around 100 taxa grew (Lypa et al.,
1952). Later, the number of taxa significantly
decreased, and in 1950 the park’s dendroflora
comprised only about 40 taxa (Lypa, 1960).
Kurdyuk (1966), whose research is precious
since it reflects the initial structure of the
park, reported the big (over 60 trees) groves
composed by Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and
P. pungens Engelm. ‘Glauca’. Smaller groves
were composed by Pinus rigida Mill. (14
trees), Abies concolor (Gordon & Glend.)
Lindl. ex Hildebr. (six trees), Pinus pallasiana
D. Don and P. strobus L. (about ten trees of
each species). The author also mentioned
two plants of Picea pungens ‘Argentea’,
three plants of P. pungens ‘Kosteriana’, and
several plants of P. glauca (Moench) Voss
(currently recognized as P. laxa (Münchh.)
Sarg.; including two cultivars ‘Compressa’ and
‘Coerulea’). There also grew individual trees of
Abies sibirica Ledeb., Juniperus virginiana L.,
and Thuja L.
Plant Introduction • 89/90 5
Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine)
Figure 1. The schematic plan of plantings at the Nataliivskyi Park in 1997: 1 – Quercus robur; 2 – Tilia cordata;
3 – Ulmus laevis; 4 – Acer negundo; 5 – Robinia pseudoacacia; 6 – Pinus sylvestris; 7 – Picea abies; 8 – P. pungens;
9 – sections with no prevailing taxa; 10 – Sorbaria sorbifolia; 11 – orchard; 12 – lawns, meadows; 13 – rows
of deciduous trees (a – Aesculus hippocastanum, b – Acer pseudoplatanus, c – Tilia cordata); 14 – the row of
Picea abies; 15 – solitary deciduous trees (no letter mark – Quercus robur, d – Acer platanoides ‘Cuculatum’,
e – A. platanoides ‘Schwedleri’, f – Alnus glutinosa, g – Betula pendula ‘Yungii’, h – Populus alba, i – P. nigra,
j – Salix alba, k – Tilia tomentosa, l – Tilia americana, m – Ulmus laevis); 16 – solitary coniferous trees (no letter
mark – Picea abies, n – P. pungens, o – Pinus nigra, p – P. strobus, q – Abies concolor, r – Pseudotsuga menziesii).
6 Plant Introduction • 89/90
A. Hryhorenko, Y. Klymenko
Figure 2. The schematic plan of plantings at the Nataliivskyi Park in 2019: 1 – Quercus robur; 2 – Tilia cordata;
3 – Ulmus laevis; 4 – Acer negundo; 5 – Robinia pseudoacacia; 6 – Pinus sylvestris; 7 – Picea abies; 8 – sections with
no prevailing taxa; 9 – Sorbaria sorbifolia; 10 – lawns, meadows; 11 – rows of deciduous trees (a – Aesculus
hippocastanum, b – Acer pseudoplatanus, c – Tilia cordata); 12 – the row of Picea abies; 13 – solitary deciduous
trees (no letter mark – Quercus robur, d – Acer platanoides ‘Cuculatum’, e – A. platanoides ‘Schwedleri’, f – Аlnus
glutinosa, g – Betula pendula ‘Yungii’, h – Populus alba, i – P. nigra, j – Salix alba, k – Tilia cordata, l – T. americana,
m – Ulmus laevis); 14 – solitary coniferous trees (no letter mark – Picea abies, n – P. pungens, o – Pinus nigra,
p – P. strobus, q – Abies concolor, r – Pseudotsuga menziesii).
Plant Introduction • 89/90 7
Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine)
Among angiosperms, there grew over 50
trees of Tilia platyphyllos Scop. (Kurdyuk,
1966). For certain alleys and groves, Kurdyuk
reported the presence of T. tomentosa
Moench, T. dasystyla subsp. caucasica (V. Engl.)
Pigott, T. ×euchlora K. Koch, and multiple
trees of T. americana L. (including one tree of
T. americana f. macrophylla (Fischer) V. Engler).
Besides this, Kurdyuk also mentioned Aesculus
pavia L., Querсus rubra L., Acer platanoides L.
(including cultivars ‘Schwedleri’ and
‘Cucullatum’), Betula pendula Roth ‘Youngii’.
Seven trees of Acer saccharinum L. (including
two trees of cultivar ‘Laciniatum’ damaged
by mistletoes) and 50 trees of Aesculus
hippocastanum L. (damaged by polypore) were
mentioned too.
There grew not many shrubs (represented
mainly by Sambucus racemosa L., Philadelphus
coronarius L., P. inodorus L., Syringa
vulgaris L.), and all of them were distributed
sporadically (Kurdyuk, 1966).
Later, the list of 22 taxa introduced in
the park was published (Kokhno et al., 1975).
The report of the examination of parks and
arboretums of Kharkiv region (upublished,
signed by Prylutska in 1976 and stored in
Valkivskyi Local History Museum funds) listed
35 taxa of trees and shrubs (including 13 taxa
of conifers).
According to Zharikov (1986), the following
trees grew in the Nataliivskyi Park: Quercus
robur, Q. palustris Münchh., Q. rubra,
Fraxinus sp., Tilia cordata Mill., T. americana,
Populus ×canadensis Moench, Pinus sylvestris,
Picea laxa, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., Tsuga
canadensis (L.) Carriere, Larix decidua Mill.
and other.
Finally, Marchuk (2006) inventoried the
park dendroflora and reported 69 species and
four cultivars. Comparing our recent data with
Marchuk’s report, we found minor changes in
the composition of plantings concerned only
the species represented by a small number of
individuals.
In 1997 there were 74 taxa reported, while in
2018–2019, we found 84 taxa (including 53 taxa
of trees, 26 taxa of shrubs, three taxa of sub-
shrubs, and two taxa of lianas) representing
the park’s dendroflora. The number of taxa
has increased due to the recent plantings of
ornamental and fruit plants near the building
of Slobozhansky National Nature Park, which
is located on the territory of the Nataliivskyi
Park, and penetration of some new species
(e.g., Amorpha fruticosa L., Chaenomeles
japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach, Forsythia
suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, Prunus cerasus L., Rhus
typhina L., Ribes uva-crispa L., Rosa rugosa
Thunb., Rubus idaeus L., Spiraea salicifolia L.,
and S. × vanhouttei (Briot) Carrière). Besides
this, such cultivars as Picea pungens ‘Glauca’,
Juniperus communis L. ‘Hibernica’, Acer
platanoides ‘Cucullatum’, A. platanoides
‘Schwedleri’, A. pseudoplatanus L. ‘Purpureum’,
and Betula pendula ‘Youngii’ were detected.
Some taxa in the Nataliivskyi Park are
represented by only a few plants. For example,
Betula pendula ‘Youngii’ is represented
by a single old tree, and Acer platanoides
‘Cuculatum’ – by only two trees. Many trees
of Picea abies and P. pungens ‘Glauca’ were
damaged by droughts in 2013, attacked by
European spruce bark beetle, and, as a result,
died. Most of those dead plants kept standing
in their places due to felling prohibition.
Today, only solitary trees of P. pungens
‘Glauca’ survived in the park. Hence, without
restorative plantings, taxonomic diversity and
projective cover of certain taxa in the park
decrease (Table 1).
Today, the dominating species in the
Nataliivskyi Park is Pinus sylvestris covering
over 50 % of the park’s green area. The
covering area of P. sylvestris decreased only
slightly since 1997 due to the construction
of unauthorized roads in the park and its
consequent fragmentation. The area of lawns
and meadows has significantly decreased.
Various self-seeding plants (e.g., Robinia
pseudoacacia L. and Acer negundo L.) occupied
many open spaces.
Sections without prevailing taxa mainly
appeared in the places where edificators fall
out of dominance. Since 1997, the area of such
sections has increased. In the northern part of
the park, one of such sections consists of Acer
platanoides, A. negundo, Populus tremula L.,
and Ulmus laevis Pall. In the central part of the
park, such a section includes Catalpa speciosa
Teas, Populus × canadensis, Pinus sylvestris,
and other taxa. In the southern part of the
park, there were small clumps and solitary
trees of Tilia cordata, Aesculus hippocastanum,
Picea abies, and Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold. Now
the space between these trees is filled with
Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides, A. negundo, and
other woody plants. In the south-eastern part
8 Plant Introduction • 89/90
A. Hryhorenko, Y. Klymenko
of the park, there is a section that combines
Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides, A. negundo,
Aesculus hippocastanum, Betula pendula, and
solitary trees of Pinus sylvestris. Similarly,
an orchard in the northern part of the park
was overgrown by Ulmus laevis and Robinia
pseudoacacia. In general, such species as
Ulmus laevis, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Acer
negundo actively occupy different areas of the
park.
Historical plantings of Quercus robur are
extremely valuable; their condition in the park
is good. Only in certain oaks, there are tree
hollows, there is no significant amount of dry
branches in crowns, trees’ affection by illness
or pests, and there is no trees’ dieback. Old
trees of Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra, P. strobus,
P. abies, Abies concolor, Ulmus laevis, Betula
pendula ‘Youngii’, Pyrus communis L., and
Robinia pseudoacacia preserved in the park
too. The plot with Picea pungens ‘Glauca’ was
entirely destroyed by disease and drought,
but some old solitary trees of this cultivar
preserved in other plots. From opposite,
old plantings of Aesculus hippocastanum are
currently dying, probably due to low fertility of
the sandy soil and lack of moisture (this species
is mesophyte requiring other soil conditions)
and damage by the leaf-mining moth.
The sylvatic landscape was the primary type
in the Nataliivskyi Park back in 1997 (Fig. 3).
Inside forests, slight inclusions of the park and
regular landscape types were present. True
meadows could be found only along the river
Merchyk, where the locals regularly mowed
the grasses together with young seedlings of
the trees. We also attributed to the meadow
landscape a large glade (Fig. 3, a). The
parterre that used to be in front of the palace
disappeared. Only parterre area and alley
plantings remained near the park’s technical
buildings (Fig. 4).
Since 1997, the total area of sylvatic
landscape type had significantly increased
(Table 2). The park type of landscapes
decreased in certain places but appeared on
some formerly open areas. The regular type
of landscape is revealed unchanged, but the
condition of alleys is imperfect. The parterre
area is also overgrowing with self-seeded
trees, changing from the regular into the park
landscape type. Without mowing, meadows
Sections
1997 2019
Area, ha Area, % Area, ha Area, %
Pinus sylvestris 18.10 52.3 17.80 51.5
Lawns, meadows 6.85 19.8 4.85 14.0
Sections with no prevailing taxa 3.20 9.3 3.65 10.6
Acer negundo 1.15 3.3 2.75 8.0
Quercus robur 1.90 5.5 1.88 5.5
Row of Aesculus hippocastanum 1.45 4.2 1.45 4.2
Ulmus laevis 0.80 2.3 0.77 2.2
Robinia pseudoacacia 0.20 0.6 0.70 2.0
Picea abies 0.60 1.7 0.50 1.5
Row of Tilia cordata 0.10 0.3 0.10 0.3
Tilia cordata 0.04 0.1 0.04 0.1
Sorbaria sorbifolia 0.04 0.1 0.04 0.1
Row of Acer pseudoplatanus 0.01 < 0.1 0.01 < 0.1
Row of Picea abies 0.01 < 0.1 0.01 < 0.1
Orchard 0.15 0.4 0.00 0.0
Picea pungens 0.05 0.1 0.00 0.0
Total 34.65 100.0 34.55 100.0
Table 1. The dynamics of landscapes and selected taxa distribution in the Nataliivskyi Park.
Plant Introduction • 89/90 9
Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine)
Figure 3. The schematic plan of landscapes at the Nataliivskyi Park in 1997: 1 – sylvatic; 2 – park; 3 – meadow;
4 – garden; 5 – regular and its elements.
10 Plant Introduction • 89/90
A. Hryhorenko, Y. Klymenko
Figure 4. The schematic plan of landscapes at the Nataliivskyi Park in 2019: 1 – sylvatic; 2 – park; 3 – meadow;
4 – regular and its elements.
Plant Introduction • 89/90 11
Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine)
were occupied by Acer negundo and almost
completely disappeared. The garden landscape
type has disappeared at all.
Conclusions
1. The taxonomic diversity of the
dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park has
increased by ten taxa since 1997. Although
comparing with the heyday (early XX century),
it lost many valuable representatives. Many
taxa are currently represented in the park by
few or single plants, and without regenerative
plantings, these taxa can be lost.
2. Pine and oak plantings in the park stay in
stable condition. Total areas of those plantings
almost did not change.
3. Many areas the Nataliivskyi Park were
occupied by self-seeding of Acer negundo and
Robinia pseudoacacia, which led to the loss
of meadow and garden landscapes. Sanitary
felling combined with other special measures
would help to restore primary landscapes.
4. The cover of sylvatic landscapes
increased, while the area of other landscape
types in most cases decreased.
References
Agaltsova, V. A. (1980). Preservation of memorial
forest parks. Forest industry. (In Russian)
Bondar, Y. A., Salatich, A. K., & Sadovenko Y. L.
(1974). Restoration of old landscape parks. Vol. 1.
Research Institute of Urban Development.
(In Russian)
Ilinskaya, N. A. (1984). Reconstruction of historical
objects of landscape architecture. Stroyizdat.
(In Russian)
Klymenko, Y. O., & Kuznetsov, S. I. (2015). General
park sciences. Historical, biological and ecological,
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Kokhno, M. A., Doroshenko, O. K., & Chupryna, P. Y.
(1975). Introduced trees and bushes of parks of
the left-bank parts of Polissya and Forest-Steppe
of Ukraine. Introduction and Acclimatization of
Plants in Ukraine, 7, 27–41. (In Ukrainian)
Kurdyuk, M. G. (1966). Nataliivskyi Park in Kharkiv
Region. In: Introduction and acclimatization
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(In Ukrainian)
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(In Ukrainian)
Lypa, O. L., Kosarevskij, I. A., & Salatich, A. L.
(1952). Populated areas landscaping. AS UkrSSR.
(In Russian)
Marchuk, O. O. (2006). Kharkiv region woody
species biodiversity in arboretums and parks
and their usage perspectives in forestry and
landscaping [Dissertation thesis, G.N. Vysotsky
Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and
Agroforestry]. (In Ukrainian)
Mayak, A. S., & Cherkasova, E. T. (1989). Kharkiv
region garden and park arts monuments
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9, 8–11. (In Russian)
Plants of the World Online (2021, 25 January).
http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/
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UkrSSR. (In Russian)
Rubtsov, L. I. (1979). Garden and park planning.
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Sikora, D. (2016). Zarys historii ochrony i konserwacji
zabytków sztuki ogrodowej w Polsce. Ochrona
Zabytków, 1, 105–142. http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/
cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.desklight-
abda10b2-854a-4b43-982e-c09d6f216276
Landscape type
1997 2019
Area, ha Area, % Area, ha Area, %
Sylvatic 26.80 77.4 29.55 85.5
Park 2.80 8.1 2.60 7.5
Regular 2.30 6.6 2.30 6.7
Meadow 2.60 7.5 0.10 0.3
Garden 0.15 0.4 0.00 0.0
Total 34.65 100.0 34.55 100.0
Table 2. The dynamics of the distribution of landscape types in the Nataliivskyi Park.
http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/
http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.desklight-abda10b2-854a-4b43-982e-c09d6f216276
http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.desklight-abda10b2-854a-4b43-982e-c09d6f216276
http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.desklight-abda10b2-854a-4b43-982e-c09d6f216276
12 Plant Introduction • 89/90
A. Hryhorenko, Y. Klymenko
Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний
склад та моніторинг насаджень
Алла Григоренко 1, Юрій Клименко 2
1 Державна екологічна академія післядипломної освіти та управління, вул. Митрополита Василя
Липківського, 35, Київ, 03035, Україна; alla_gr@ukr.net
2 Національний ботанічний сад імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, вул. Тімірязєвська, 1, Київ, 01014,
Україна; klimenco109@ukr.net
З метою розробки заходів з відновлення історичних насаджень та ландшафтів Наталіївського парку-
пам’ятки садово-паркового мистецтва (Харківська обл., Україна) у 2018–2019 рр. було здійснено
моніторингові дослідження таксономічного складу дендрофлори, розподілу площі парку за видами,
що переважають у виділах, і розподілу площі між типами садово-паркових ландшафтів за тією
самою методикою, що була застосована Ю.О. Клименко у 1997 р. та з врахуванням опублікованих
раніше даних.
У 1939 р. дендрофлора парку налічувала близько 100 таксонів. Згодом число таксонів значно
зменшилось і в 1950 р. дендрофлора парку налічувала лише близько 40 таксонів. У 1997 році у
Наталіївському парку було виявлено 74 таксони дерев і кущів. Наші нові дослідження показали,
що від 1997 р. таксономічний склад дендрофлори парку збагатився на десять таксонів. Водночас
відбулось зменшення участі цінних видів та культиварів у складі насаджень (окремі з них на сьогодні
представлені лише однією-двома рослинами). Внаслідок нападу короїда-типографа на ослаблені
посухами дерева Picea abies та P. pungens, більшість з них всохла. Площа виділів з домінуванням
Pinus sylvestris та Quercus robur залишилась майже без змін, що свідчить про їхню загальну стійкість.
Збільшилася площа виділів, де домінують натуралізовані інтродуценти Acer negundo і Robinia
pseudoacacia та виділів, у яких жоден із видів не переважає. Відбувся перерозподіл площ на користь
лісового типу садово-паркового ландшафту, а лучний тип ландшафту практично зник.
Для відновлення історичних насаджень та ландшафтів необхідно проводити висаджування рослин
тих таксонів, які були представлені тут у період розквіту парку, та здійснювати рубки дерев інвазійних
видів. Хоча наразі подібні рубки заборонені, дослідження свідчать, що вони можуть допомогти у
збереженні таких заповідних об’єктів як Наталіївський парк.
Ключові слова: Наталіївський парк, моніторинг, таксономічний склад, ландшафтне планування, деревні насадження
Uspenskaya, N. D., Klimenko, Y. A., Kuznetsov S. I.,
& Davydenko, I. A. (1991). Formation of green
spaces at the monuments of Ancient Rus. Naukova
Dumka. (In Russian)
Zharikov, N. L. (Ed.). (1986). Ukrainian SSR
monuments of urban planning and architecture.
Vol. 4. Budivelnik. (In Russian)
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1585 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/5c/4804d28d982b34a92e27aae7167a645c.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-15852023-08-26T20:39:20Z Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine): taxonomic diversity and monitoring of plantations Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень Hryhorenko, Alla Klymenko, Yurii To develop measures for the restoration of historic plantations and landscapes of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine), the investigations of taxonomic composition and distribution of woody plant taxa, as well as structure of different landscape areas, were carried out in 2018–2019. The recent studies were realized according to the same protocol applied in 1997 by Y. Klymenko, and taking into account previously published data.In 1939, the dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park comprised about 100 taxa. Later, the number of taxa significantly decreased, and in 1950 the park’s dendroflora comprised only about 40 taxa. In 1997 there were 74 taxa reported. Since 1997, the taxonomic composition of the park’s dendroflora has been enriched by ten taxa and is currently represented by 84 taxa. Simultaneously, the number of valuable plants in the plantations decreased (only one or two plants represent some such taxa). Due to a bark beetle attack on drought-weakened trees of Picea abies and P. pungens, most of them withered. The area of allotments with Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur remained almost the same, which indicates their stability. The area of allotments with the domination of such naturalized introducers as Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia and the area of allotments with the domination of neither taxa have increased. In the landscapes, the redistribution of the types of areas appeared. The forest type of landscape became predominant, while the meadow type of landscape has almost disappeared.Hence, to restore historical plantings and landscapes, it is necessary to re-cultivate taxa represented here during the park’s heyday and remove invasive tree species. Although cuttings in protected areas are currently prohibited, our investigations showed that they might help preserve such valuable territories as Nataliivskyi Park. З метою розробки заходів з відновлення історичних насаджень та ландшафтів Наталіївського парку-пам’ятки садово-паркового мистецтва (Харківська обл., Україна) у 2018–2019 рр. було здійснено моніторингові дослідження таксономічного складу дендрофлори, розподілу площі парку за видами, що переважають у виділах, і розподілу площі між типами садово-паркових ландшафтів за тією самою методикою, що була застосована Ю.О. Клименко у 1997 р. та з врахуванням опублікованих раніше даних.У 1939 р. дендрофлора парку налічувала близько 100 таксонів. Згодом число таксонів значно зменшилось і в 1950 р. дендрофлора парку налічувала лише близько 40 таксонів. У 1997 році у Наталіївському парку було виявлено 74 таксони дерев і кущів. Наші нові дослідження показали, що від 1997 р. таксономічний склад дендрофлори парку збагатився на десять таксонів. Водночас відбулось зменшення участі цінних видів та культиварів у складі насаджень (окремі з них на сьогодні представлені лише однією-двома рослинами). Внаслідок нападу короїда-типографа на ослаблені посухами дерева Picea abies та P. pungens, більшість з них всохла. Площа виділів з домінуванням Pinus sylvestris та Quercus robur залишилась майже без змін, що свідчить про їхню загальну стійкість. Збільшилася площа виділів, де домінують натуралізовані інтродуценти Acer negundo і Robinia pseudoacacia та виділів, у яких жоден із видів не переважає. Відбувся перерозподіл площ на користь лісового типу садово-паркового ландшафту, а лучний тип ландшафту практично зник.Для відновлення історичних насаджень та ландшафтів необхідно проводити висаджування рослин тих таксонів, які були представлені тут у період розквіту парку, та здійснювати рубки дерев інвазійних видів. Хоча наразі подібні рубки заборонені, дослідження свідчать, що вони можуть допомогти у збереженні таких заповідних об’єктів як Наталіївський парк. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2021-03-23 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1585 10.46341/PI2020040 Plant Introduction; No 89/90 (2021); 3-12 Інтродукція Рослин; № 89/90 (2021); 3-12 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI89-90 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1585/1509 Copyright (c) 2021 Alla Hryhorenko, Yurii Klymenko http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Hryhorenko, Alla Klymenko, Yurii Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень |
| title | Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень |
| title_alt | Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine): taxonomic diversity and monitoring of plantations |
| title_full | Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень |
| title_fullStr | Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень |
| title_full_unstemmed | Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень |
| title_short | Дендрофлора Наталіївського парку (Харківська область, Україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень |
| title_sort | дендрофлора наталіївського парку (харківська область, україна): таксономічний склад та моніторинг насаджень |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1585 |
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