Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія
The taxonomic and ecological structure of an artificial set of species of spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya, distinguished by decorative features, is presented. Decorative perennials, with the exception of aquatic and coastal ones, number 147 species. They are considered taking into...
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2021
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Plant Introduction| _version_ | 1860145114657062912 |
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| author | Matiashuk, Raisa Gubar, Liubov Pirko, Inna |
| author_facet | Matiashuk, Raisa Gubar, Liubov Pirko, Inna |
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| description | The taxonomic and ecological structure of an artificial set of species of spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya, distinguished by decorative features, is presented. Decorative perennials, with the exception of aquatic and coastal ones, number 147 species. They are considered taking into account the adaptive characteristics, as a potentially basic component of the regional assortment of ornamental plants for landscaping. In terms of taxonomic composition, the species belong to 100 genera from 38 families. A significant part of perennials is rare in ornamental gardening. Among the studied perennials, the rare fraction includes 13 species with international (four species), state (seven species), or regional (six species) conservation status. According to the results of bioecological analysis, the predominance of mesophytic (76 %), heliophytic (44 %), mesotrophic (82 %), and neutrophilic (65 %) species is shown. When considering the ecological affiliation, the studied species are united into 15 principal ecomorphological groups. The use of plants represented in such groups as the main assortment in the landscaping of the corresponding ecotopes is a prerequisite for the stability and durability of such artificial communities as flower arrangements. The proposed assortment ensures the creation of modern low-cost flower arrangements, as well as the preservation of the biodiversity of the local flora by expanding the cultigen range of these species. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2021013 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:59Z |
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© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
Plant Introduction, 91/92, 54–63 (2021)
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Essay on the prospects for the use of decorative perennials of the
spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya
Raisa Matiashuk *, Liubov Gubar, Inna Pirko **
Institute for evolutionary ecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lebedeva str. 37, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine;
* raisakiev2015@gmail.com, ** pirkoinna@ukr.net
Received: 03.11.2021 | Accepted: 14.12.2021 | Published online: 18.12.2021
Abstract
The taxonomic and ecological structure of an artificial set of species of spontaneous flora of the local
landscape Feofaniya, distinguished by decorative features, is presented. Decorative perennials, with the
exception of aquatic and coastal ones, number 147 species. They are considered taking into account
the adaptive characteristics, as a potentially basic component of the regional assortment of ornamental
plants for landscaping. In terms of taxonomic composition, the species belong to 100 genera from 38
families. A significant part of perennials is rare in ornamental gardening. Among the studied perennials,
the rare fraction includes 13 species with international (four species), state (seven species), or regional
(six species) conservation status. According to the results of bioecological analysis, the predominance of
mesophytic (76 %), heliophytic (44 %), mesotrophic (82 %), and neutrophilic (65 %) species is shown. When
considering the ecological affiliation, the studied species are united into 15 principal ecomorphological
groups. The use of plants represented in such groups as the main assortment in the landscaping of the
corresponding ecotopes is a prerequisite for the stability and durability of such artificial communities
as flower arrangements. The proposed assortment ensures the creation of modern low-cost flower
arrangements, as well as the preservation of the biodiversity of the local flora by expanding the cultigen
range of these species.
Keywords: local landscape Feofaniya, natural resources, rare species, ecomorphs, ecological groups
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2021013
UDC 581 : 635.92
Authors’ contributions: The contribution of all authors to the implementation of geobotanical descriptions, processing of literary
materials, and preparation of the main text is equivalent.
Funding: The work was performed at the Institute of Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine within the
departmental themes of applied research of scientific institutions “Rational use of nature” in frames of research theme “Development
of scientific bases for the creation of elements of natural complexes on the territory of the NPF of Ukraine with recreational loads
(6541030), 2021–2023”.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the publication of this manuscript. The
authors adhered to ethical standards excluding plagiarism, data falsification, and duplicate publication.
Introduction
The use of ornamental plants of spontaneous
flora in landscaping of settlements is always
relevant. However, their presence in regional
assortments is rather low, compared to alien
species and cultural forms that represent
up to 2/3 of the assortments (Griffiths,
1994; Catalog, 1997; Mashkovska, 2015).
An even greater imbalance is observed
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-0522
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4904-1092
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0096-8858
Plant Introduction • 91/92 55
Decorative perennials of the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya
in practical gardening, where cultural
forms are the main part of the assortment
and are represented mainly by cultigens.
Such plants have an undeniable aesthetic
advantage, but are characterized by a
relatively low viability, which necessitates
their cultivation on a sufficiently high and
costly agricultural background. In turn, the
introduction of alien natural species also has
its negative consequences – uncontrolled
spread sometimes leads to their invasion
into anthropogenic transformed and even
natural phytocoenoses (Burda et al., 2015;
Pergl et al., 2016; Protopopova & Shevera,
2019; Gubar & Konyakin, 2020). As a result,
the balance of local fauna trophic chains of
which are connected with herbaceous plants
can be disturbed (Wilde et al,. 2015; Anderson
et al., 2021). Therefore, increasing interest of
scientists to the investigation of local floras is
expedient and justified.
The scientific significance of attracting
natural species to culture is also growing taking
into account the possibility of preserving
highly valuable species within the cultigenic
area (Antonyuk et al., 1982; Cherevchenko
et al., 1999; Gritsenko, 2012) or by artificial
reproduction and further reintroducing into
places of its natural distribution.
Modern trends in landscape design, which
are based on naturalness, also increase
attention to such plants. Their main goal is
to create sustainable long-term low-cost
plant compositions that actively perform
ecological and aesthetic functions, or to
design phytocoenoses that are as close as
possible to natural. For example, in many
countries, some of the usual lawns have been
replaced by mauritanian and meadow ones
(Kühn, 2006; Bretzel et al., 2016) with using
a mixture of seeds, including local species,
with bioecological characteristics of the
territory of introduction (taking into account
phytocoenotic features, plant height, color
spectrum, etc.). In recent decades, interest
has increased not only regarding the species
of spontaneous flora, but also regarding
the use of spontaneous vegetation itself,
formed in urban ecosystems (Kühn, 2006;
Del Tredici, 2010; Pop Boancă et al., 2011).
Such plant communities are recommended
to be used with their natural structure or
with a slightly corrected species composition.
Some researchers consider spontaneous
vegetation as an important component of
urban green space diversity, which is essential
for the sustainable development of urban
ecosystems (Del Tredici, 2014; Guo et al.,
2018). The dominance of alien species in
urban landscaping, in their opinion, decreases
the functional stability of such ecosystems.
Therefore, spontaneous species adapted to
environmental conditions should be properly
used and conserved.
Thus, attracting ornamental species of
local flora for the needs of regional gardening
is expedient and relevant. In this regard, the
purpose of this study was to isolate from
the spontaneous flora of the local landscape
Feofaniya the species that have certain
decorative value and, basing on the analysis
of bioecological characteristics, to assess the
prospects of their introduction. Such data can
be useful for the needs of landscaping in the
park zone of the local landscape Feofaniya,
using plants of the regional gene pool (local
populations) as an initial material.
Material and methods
The territory of the local landscape Feofaniya
includes the park of the same name. This park
is a monument of the landscape gardening art
of national importance, which is also an object
of the natural reserve fund of Ukraine.
Herbaceous perennials of the spontaneous
flora of the local landscape Feofaniya were
selected as the material for the study because
these plants are the most prospective for the
formation of longstanding landscaping objects
with low resource investments.
The term ‘spontaneous flora’ used in
this research means a set of aboriginal
and adventive species occurring on a
particular territory spontaneously, without
human intervention (Palmer, 1930). Species
names and their taxonomic affiliation are
provided following the database World Flora
Online (2021).
Ecomorphs of the studied species were
delimited relating to four main ecological
factors (soil moisture, light, trophic
characteristic and acidity of soil) following
published data (Didukh, 2000–2010, 2011).
The local landscape Feofaniya, considering
physical geography zonality, is located in the
Kyiv elevated forest-steppe. Considering
56 Plant Introduction • 91/92
R. Matiashuk, L. Gubar, I. Pirko
geobotanical zonality, it is located in the
Podolsk-Srednioprydniprovsk sub-province.
Here are dominated deciduous forests
attributed to the association Galeobdoloni
lutei-Carpinetum Shevchyk et al. 1996 emend
Onyshchenko et Sidenko 2002, including its
three subassociations – caricetosum pilosae,
lamietosum maculati, and poetosum. Small
areas in the local landscape are occupied
by vegetation classes Robinietea Jurko ex
Sofron 1980, Salicetea purpureae Moor 1958,
and Alnetea glutinosae Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. 1943
(Goncharenko et al., 2013; Dubyna et al., 2019).
Results and discussion
During compilation of the basic regional
assortment of ornamental crops, their
evolutionary adaptation, acclimatization,
or a high degree of adaptation to natural
and climatic conditions, which in general
characterizes the species of spontaneous
flora, are taking into account. Among them,
147 species were identified belonging to
100 genera from 38 families. All this species
differ in degree of decorativeness, have been
used for a long time or are offered to use in
ornamental gardening. Some of them can
be found in botanical collections of many
Ukrainian institutions and abroad (Catalog,
1997; Mashkovska, 2015), in various objects of
ornamental gardening and landscaping, but,
in general, their assortment is insignificant.
For example, at the end of 2019, the collection
of perennial floral and ornamental plants of
Feofania Park was represented by 144 taxa,
including 117 cultivars, three forms, five
selection samples and only 23 natural species
(Radchenko et al., 2019). Moreover, in culture,
such species propagate mainly vegetatively,
what leads to formation of clones within
the cultivated area. Such a depletion of the
species gene pool, which in cultural conditions
is often represented by a single genotype,
results in the vulnerability of used plants and
limits their adaptive potential. Such reduced
adaptive potential is significantly lower than
in the natural populations natural of the
species. Therefore, there is a need to attract
new genetic material directly from natural
populations and to develop new reproduction
approaches for such species under cultivation.
We also considered Crocus heuffelianus
Herb and Galanthus plicatus M. Bieb. with
other representatives of the spontaneous
flora. These two species are represented by
experimental artificial plantations outside
the park area where they grow in the
natural phytocenoses. Similar plantations of
other species (Erythronium dens-canis L.,
Gymnospermium odessanum (DC.) Takht.,
and Scilla siberica Haw.) were also found in
the local landscape. But during long-term
observations it was noted that C. heuffelianus
and G. plicatus have a tendency to intensive
reproduction and spontaneous dispersion.
The rest of the decorative species of
spontaneous flora belong to the so-called
group of ‘rare ornamental perennials’. Among
them are species occurring in the ornamental
gardening rarely. Such plants (e.g., Actaea
spicata L., Gagea minima (L.) Ker Gawl.,
Isopyrum thalictroides L., Pilosella officinarum
Vaill., Potentilla incana P. Gaertn., B. Mey. et
Scherb., Ranunculus auricomus L., Verbascum
nigrum L., and Viola reichenbachiana Jord. ex
Boreau) are almost not cultivated even within
their natural distribution ranges.
In the local landscape Feofaniya, among the
ornamental plants, the most represented are
the families Lamiaceae Martinov (17 species),
Poaceae Barnhart (13 species), Asteraceae
Bercht. et J. Presl (11 species), Fabaceae Lindl.
(11 species), Ranunculaceae Juss (11 species),
Violaceae Batsch (eight species), and Rosaceae
Juss. (seven species). Species of the last two
families, as well as of Asparagaceae Juss.,
Caryophyllaceae Juss., Iridaceae Juss., and
Liliaceae Juss. are not numerous, but all of
them have a high decorative value. Most
of mentioned above families are typical for
ornamental gardening in temperate regions
(Catalog, 1997; Mashkovska, 2015).
Two adventive ornamental species
(Asclepias syriaca L. and Solidago canadensis L.)
found in the spontaneous flora of the local
landscape Feofaniya were recognized as
invasive (Burda et al., 2015; Gubar & Konyakin,
2020). The source of the invasion is ornamental
gardening, so their further use in culture is not
desirable.
Among other decorative perennials, 13
species have international, state or regional
sozological status (Table 1) and are subject to
special protection (Vinichenko, 2006; Didukh,
2009; Andrienko & Peregrym, 2012; Radchenko
et al., 2019; Convention, 2021; IUCN Red
Plant Introduction • 91/92 57
Decorative perennials of the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya
Species Sozological lists (status)
Allium ursinum L. RBU (unvalued)
Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch RBU (rare), CITES
Corydalis cava (L.) Schweigg. et Koerte. RRL – Kyiv region
Crocus heuffelianus Herb. RBU (unvalued)
Dryopteris austriaca (Jacq.) Woyn. ex Schinz et Thell. RRL – Kyiv region
Galanthus nivalis L. IUCN (near threatened), RBU (vulnerable), CITES
Galanthus plicatus M. Bieb. ERL (vulnerable), RBU (vulnerable), CITES
Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman RRL – Kyiv region
Isopyrum thalictroides L. RRL – Kyiv region
Lilium martagon L. RBU (unvalued)
Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich. RBU (unvalued), CITES
Primula veris L. RRL – Kyiv region
Scilla bifolia L. RRL – Kyiv region
Table 1. Decorative perennial species in the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya subjected
to protection.
Note. IUCN – the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; ERL – European Red List of Globally Threatened
Animals and Plants; CITES – Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora; RBU – Red Book of Ukraine; RRL – regional red lists.
List, 2021). Some species (Allium ursinum L.,
Galanthus nivalis L., G. plicatus M. Bieb., and
Scilla bifolia L.) present in the collections of
many botanical institutions. They also are quite
common in the ornamental gardening. At the
same time, such rare species as Cephalanthera
longifolia (L.) Fritsch and Neottia nidus-avis
(L.) Rich. are not cultivated in Ukraine due
to their complex developmental biology
(Vakhrameeva et al., 1996; Loya & Gaponenko,
2009). Despite difficulties, the cultivation
of such species in specialized botanical
institutions is necessary to not only preserve
the genetic material of rare species ex situ,
but also for research, scientific, educational
and exhibition purposes. This also relates
such species as Polygonatum multiflorum (L.)
All., Majanthemum bifolium (L.) F.W. Schmidt,
Viola mirabilis L., and Paris quadrifolia L.,
which are not protected, but rapidly disappear
under increased anthropogenic load and in
a result of disturbance of natural habitats
(Goncharenko, 2013). In addition, many species
undergoes more and more active and constant
uncontrolled collection and destruction.
Therefore, cultivation is one of the options for
their ex situ conservation at the specialized
institutions (e.g., botanical gardens) that
can reduce the pressure on their natural
populations (Gritsenko, 2012).
For successful introduction, it is necessary
to conduct comprehensive investigation
of different characteristics, primarily
bioecological, which determines the
environmental confinement of the species
and determine their viability and stability. The
ecological analysis of decorative perennials was
carried out in relation to four factors (Table 2).
Regarding soil moisture, the studied species
were subdivided on two groups – mesophilic
and xerophilic (Didukh, 2011). Mesophilic
group is epresented by 76 % of investigated
species (83 species of mesophytes, and 28
species of xeromesophytes). Xerophilic group
is represented by 24 % species adapted to arid
conditions (five species of mesoxerophytes,
and 31 species of xerophytes, including three
succulents). The local landscape Feofaniya
has mesophilic conditions in relation to soil
moisture (Radchenko et al., 2019). This makes
possible to consider studied species as suitable
for further introduction into local culture.
In relation to light, the species were divided
into four groups: sciophytes, heliophytes,
sciogeliophytes, and helioscyophytes (Didukh,
2011). The last two groups included plants
58 Plant Introduction • 91/92
R. Matiashuk, L. Gubar, I. Pirko
Group
Nr
Environmental factors
soil moisture light soil trophic properties soil acidity
Ecological groups
I mesophyte heliosciophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Agrostis stolonifera L. Carex spicata Huds
Ajuga reptans L. Convallaria majalis L.
Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) P. Beauv. Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn
Carex digitatа L. Teucrium chamaedrys L.
II mesophyte sciophyte mesotrophic acidophyte
Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth. Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman
Carex sylvatica Huds. Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L.
Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch Lamium maculatum L.
Chrysosplenium alternifolium L. Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F.W. Schmidt
Corydalis intermedia (L.) Merat Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich.
Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Paris quadrifolia L.
Dryopteris austriaca (Jacq.) Woyn ex Schinz et Thell. Primula veris L.
Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P. Fuchs Pulmonaria angustifolia L.
Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott. Pulmonaria obscura Dumort.
Galanthus nivalis L. Vinca minor L.
Galanthus plicatus M. Bieb. Viola mirabilis L.
Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Viola reichenbachiana Jord. ex Boreau
III mesophyte sciophyte eutrophic acidophyte
Actaea spicata L. Ficaria verna Huds.
Allium ursinum L. Isopyrum thalictroides L.
Cardamine bulbifera (L.) Crantz Lilium martagon L.
Cardamine quinquefolia (M.Bieb.) Schmalh. Sanicula europaea L.
Corydalis cava (L.) Schweigg. et Koerte.
IV mesophyte heliophyte eutrophic acidophyte
Allium angulosum L. Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench
Geum rivale L.
V mesophyte heliophyte eutrophic neutrophyte
Alopecurus pratensis L. Lythrum salicaria L.
Dactylis glomerata L. Mentha × piperita L.
VI mesophyte heliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Althaea officinalis L. Phlox paniculata L.
Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) P. Beauv. Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbre.
Eupatorium cannabinum L. Potentilla anserina L.
Euphorbia cyparissias L. Solidago virgaurea L.
Euphorbia semivillosa (Prokh.) Krylov Veronica austriaca L.
Table 2. Ecological groups of decorative perennials in the spontaneous flora of the local landscape
Feofaniya.
Plant Introduction • 91/92 59
Decorative perennials of the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya
Group
Nr
Environmental factors
soil moisture light soil trophic properties soil acidity
Ecological groups
VI mesophyte heliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Geranium pratense L. Veronica chamaedrys L.
Fragaria viridis Duchesne Veronica longifolia L.
Lysimachia punctata L. Veronica officinalis L.
Lysimachia vulgaris L. Veronica prostrata L.
Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.
VII mesophyte scioheliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Anemone ranunculoides L. Gagea minima (L.) Ker Gawl.
Campanula bononiensis L. Geranium palustre L.
Campanula glomerata L. Melissa officinalis L.
Campanula rapunculoides L. Ranunculus acris L.
Coreopsis auriculata L. Ranunculus auricomus L.
Corydalis solida (L.) Clairv. Ranunculus repens L.
Fragaria vesca L. Scilla bifolia L.
Gagea lutea (L.) Ker Gawl. Thalictrum minus L.
VIII mesoxerophyte scioheliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Artemisia pontica L. Origanum vulgare L.
Filipendula vulgaris Moench Viola hirta L.
IX xeromesophyte sciophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Asarum europaeum L. Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce
Glechoma hederaceae L. Stellaria holostea L.
Lysimachia nummularia L. Symphytum officinale L.
Milium effusum L. Viola suavis M. Bieb.
Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All.
X xeromesophyte scioheliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Inula helenium L. Trifolium medium L.
Campanula persicifolia L. Prunella vulgaris L.
Silene viscaria (L.) Jess. Phlomoides tuberosa (L.) Moench
Lathyrus vernus (L.) Bernh. Viola odоrata L.
Lotus corniculatus L.
XI xeromesophyte heliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Crocus heuffelianus Herb. Medicago sativa L.
Geranium sanguineum L. Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch.
Iris pseudacorus L. Securigera varia (L.) Lassen
Lathyrus tuberosus L. Tanacetum vulgare L.
Lavatera thuringiaca L. Trifolium alpestre L.
Medicago falcata L.
Table 2. Continued.
60 Plant Introduction • 91/92
R. Matiashuk, L. Gubar, I. Pirko
Group
Nr
Environmental factors
soil moisture light soil trophic properties soil acidity
Ecological groups
XII xerophyte scioheliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Clematis recta L. Melica nutans L.
Lathyrus niger (L.) Bernh.
XIII xerophyte heliophyte mesotrophic neutrophyte
Achillea millefolium L. Linaria vulgaris Mill.
Achillea nobilis L. Potentilla incana P. Gaertn., B. Mey. et Scherb.
Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. Ranunculus illyricus L.
Ajuga genevensis L. Salvia pratensis L.
Artemisia austriaca Jacq. Salvia verticillata L.
Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth Saponaria officinalis L.
Epilobium angustifolium L. Stachys officinalis (L.) Trevis
Festuca valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaudin Verbascum nigrum L.
Koeleria pyramidata (Lam.) P. Beauv.
XIV xerophyte heliophyte oligotrophic neutrophyte
Eryngium planum L. Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.
Euphorbia seguieriana Neck. Pilosella officinarum Vaill.
Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench Thymus pulegioides L. subsp. pannonicus (All.) Kerguelen
Nepeta cataria L. Thymus serpyllum L.
XV succulent heliophyte oligotrophic neutrophyte
Sedum maximum (L.) Suter Sedum acre L.
Sedum telephium L.
Table 2. Continued.
that are constantly or periodically able to
tolerate unusual light intensity. The group
of obligate shade-loving plants (sciophytes)
in the local landscape Feofaniya consists
of 42 species (29 %). The group of shade-
loving plants tolerating penumbra conditions
(helioscyophytes) consists of eight species
(5 %). The group of light-loving plants that,
however, are sufficiently adapted to slightly
shaded conditions (scioheliophytes) consists
of 32 species (22 %). The group of true light-
loving plants (heliophytes) consists of 65
species (44 %). Although forest and ruderal
plant communities mainly represent the
territory of the Feofaniya, the most of studied
species are heliophilic and occur in open areas.
In relation to soil fertility, only 16 species
(11 %) grow exclusively on sufficiently organic-
rich soils and 11 (7 %) are more adapted to poor
soils. Most of the studied species (120 species,
82 %) have a wide adaptation range and can be
cultivated in different trophic conditions. Most
of mesotrophic plants (96 species, 65 %) are
also not demanding on soil acidity, which can
vary from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline.
The rest of mesotrophic plants (24 species) and
many eutrophic plants (12 species) are adapted
exactly to acidic soils. Such acidic soils are
mainly represented by gray forest and soddy
podzolic soils of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe
of Ukraine.
Thus, the studied species represented
by a wide range of ecomorphs. Among this
diversity, 15 principal ecological groups of
decorative perennials were delimited (Table 2).
These delimited groups can be applied for
creation of landscaping objects and can serve a
basic assortment fitting certain environmental
Plant Introduction • 91/92 61
Decorative perennials of the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya
conditions. However, the number of species in
some ecological groups is very low. Completion
of these small groups is required and possible
in two ways – by infusion of new introduced
species with similar ecological preferences, or
by merging the certain ecological groups into
clusters regarding the determinant ecological
factor. For example, in cultural conditions,
light often is a key determinant, while other
factors usually can be artificially adjusted by
moistening, fertilization, acidification, etc. The
second most important factor is soil moisture,
which can be improved under culture
conditions only for species of the mesophilic
group. Hence, combination of mesophytes
and xerophytes within the same composition
is impractical, because in any case one of the
groups will appear in unfavorable conditions.
Instead of this, sciophilic mesophytes (I–III),
heliophilic mesophytes (IV–VI), or heliophilic
xerophytes (XIII–XIV) can be combined and
thrive (Table 2).
Performed analysis is only the first, initial
stage in the study of the using prospects
of ornamental plants of spontaneous flora.
It does not cover the whole spectrum of
environmental factors, the use of which will
lead to a strong fragmentation of the defined
groups. The investigated factors are the
most important and usually are determine
adaptation potential for plants.
The provided data can also be used in the
selection of assortment for modeling artificial
decorative phytocoenoses. At the same time, it
is necessary to take into account the natural
phytocenotic relationships of the studied
species. Also it is crucial to experiment with
species that are not phylogenetically close, but
united by a set of ecological characteristics
into the mentioned groups and their clusters.
In particular, for the modeling of nemoral
forest phytocoenoses, species of II, III, and IX
groups can be used, for nemoral forest edge –
species of I, VII, VIII, and X groups, for meadow
– species of V, VI, and XI groups, for steppe –
species of XIII and XIV groups.
Conclusions
It was found that spontaneous flora of the
local landscape Feofaniya comprises 147
plant species, characterized by various
decorative features. This complex includes
species that are floristically rare species or
are rare in ornamental gardening, and, in the
same time, are promising for implementation
in landscaping. The predominance of
mesophytic (they comprises 76 % from
the total number of investigated species),
heliophytic (44 %), mesotrophic (82 %), and
neutrophilic (65 %) species has been shown.
According to the complex of environmental
factors, decorative species were combined into
15 principal ecomorphological groups, which
can be recommended as a basic assortment
for the formation of long-term sustainable
compositions in appropriate environmental
conditions. At the same time, for an optimal
compositional solution, further analysis of
their phenorhythmical, phenological, habitual,
and coloristic spectra is required.
Acknowledgements
The authors express their gratitude to the
researcher of the State Institution “Institute of
Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine”, Ph.D. Konyakin S. M.
for provided recommendations.
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Plant Introduction • 91/92 63
Decorative perennials of the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya
Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної
флори урочища Феофанія
Раїса Матяшук *, Любов Губарь, Інна Пірко **
Інститут еволюційної екології НАН України, вул. акад. Лебедєва, 37, Київ, 03143, Україна;
* raisakiev2015@gmail.com, ** pirkoinna@ukr.net
Представлено таксономічну та екологічну структура штучної сукупності видів спонтанної флори
урочища Феофанія, виділеної за декоративними ознаками. Декоративні багаторічники, за винятком
водних та прибережних, нараховують 147 видів. Їх розглянуто, з урахуванням адаптаційних
характеристик, як потенційно базову складову регіонального асортименту квітниково-декоративних
рослин для озеленення. За таксономічним складом види належать до 100 родів з 38 родин. Значна
частка багаторічників є малопоширеною у декоративному садівництві. Серед досліджуваних
багаторічників раритетна фракція нараховує 13 видів, що мають міжнародний (чотири види),
державний (сім видів), або регіональний (шість видів) охоронний статус. За результатами
біоекологічного аналізу показано переважання мезофільних (76 %), геліофільних (44 %), мезотрофних
(82 %) та нейтрофільних (65 %) груп. При розгляді екологічної приналежності досліджувані види
об’єднанні у 15 елементарних екоморфологічних груп. Використання представлених у таких групах
рослин у якості основного асортименту в озелененні відповідних екотопів є необхідною умовою
стійкості та довговічності штучних угруповань якими є квітникові композиції. Запропонований
асортимент здатний забезпечити створення сучасних маловитратних квіткових композицій і
збереження біорізноманіття місцевої флори за рахунок розширення культигенного ареалу цих
видів.
Ключові слова: урочище Феофанія, природні ресурси, раритетні види, екоморфи, екологічні групи
Wilde, H. D., Kamal, J. K. G., & Colson, G. (2015).
State of the science and challenges of breeding
landscape plants with ecological function.
Horticulture Research, 2, Article 14069. https://doi.
org/10.1038/hortres.2014.69
World Flora Online. (2021, November 10). https://
www.worldfloraonline.org
https://doi.org/10.1038/hortres.2014.69
https://doi.org/10.1038/hortres.2014.69
https://www.worldfloraonline.org
https://www.worldfloraonline.org
|
| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1595 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:53:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/be/b9888a862747617d9208ca07c63dc7be.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-15952023-08-26T20:39:08Z Essay on the prospects for the use of decorative perennials of the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія Matiashuk, Raisa Gubar, Liubov Pirko, Inna The taxonomic and ecological structure of an artificial set of species of spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya, distinguished by decorative features, is presented. Decorative perennials, with the exception of aquatic and coastal ones, number 147 species. They are considered taking into account the adaptive characteristics, as a potentially basic component of the regional assortment of ornamental plants for landscaping. In terms of taxonomic composition, the species belong to 100 genera from 38 families. A significant part of perennials is rare in ornamental gardening. Among the studied perennials, the rare fraction includes 13 species with international (four species), state (seven species), or regional (six species) conservation status. According to the results of bioecological analysis, the predominance of mesophytic (76 %), heliophytic (44 %), mesotrophic (82 %), and neutrophilic (65 %) species is shown. When considering the ecological affiliation, the studied species are united into 15 principal ecomorphological groups. The use of plants represented in such groups as the main assortment in the landscaping of the corresponding ecotopes is a prerequisite for the stability and durability of such artificial communities as flower arrangements. The proposed assortment ensures the creation of modern low-cost flower arrangements, as well as the preservation of the biodiversity of the local flora by expanding the cultigen range of these species. Представлено таксономічну та екологічну структура штучної сукупності видів спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія, виділеної за декоративними ознаками. Декоративні багаторічники, за винятком водних та прибережних, нараховують 147 видів. Їх розглянуто, з урахуванням адаптаційних характеристик, як потенційно базову складову регіонального асортименту квітниково-декоративних рослин для озеленення. За таксономічним складом види належать до 100 родів з 38 родин. Значна частка багаторічників є малопоширеною у декоративному садівництві. Серед досліджуваних багаторічників раритетна фракція нараховує 13 видів, що мають міжнародний (чотири види), державний (сім видів), або регіональний (шість видів) охоронний статус. За результатами біоекологічного аналізу показано переважання мезофільних (76 %), геліофільних (44 %), мезотрофних (82 %) та нейтрофільних (65 %) груп. При розгляді екологічної приналежності досліджувані види об’єднанні у 15 елементарних екоморфологічних груп. Використання представлених у таких групах рослин у якості основного асортименту в озелененні відповідних екотопів є необхідною умовою стійкості та довговічності штучних угруповань якими є квітникові композиції. Запропонований асортимент здатний забезпечити створення сучасних маловитратних квіткових композицій і збереження біорізноманіття місцевої флори за рахунок розширення культигенного ареалу цих видів. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2021-12-17 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1595 10.46341/PI2021013 Plant Introduction; No 91/92 (2021); 54-63 Інтродукція Рослин; № 91/92 (2021); 54-63 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI91-92 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1595/1521 Copyright (c) 2021 Raisa Matiashuk, Liubov Gubar, Inna Pirko http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Matiashuk, Raisa Gubar, Liubov Pirko, Inna Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія |
| title | Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія |
| title_alt | Essay on the prospects for the use of decorative perennials of the spontaneous flora of the local landscape Feofaniya |
| title_full | Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія |
| title_fullStr | Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія |
| title_full_unstemmed | Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія |
| title_short | Окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища Феофанія |
| title_sort | окреслення перспектив використання декоративних багаторічників спонтанної флори урочища феофанія |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1595 |
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