Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі
The hermetic condition is the least studied factor associated with the spaceflights. Phalaenopsis pulcherrima is promising for space farming as it can be cultivated in small substrate blocks, and its photosynthetic apparatus is well adapted to elevated CO2 concentrations and temperatures.Three-year-...
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M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
2023
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Plant Introduction| _version_ | 1860145141231124480 |
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| author | Zaimenko, Natalia Didyk, Nataliya Kharitonova, Iryna Viter, Arsen |
| author_facet | Zaimenko, Natalia Didyk, Nataliya Kharitonova, Iryna Viter, Arsen |
| author_sort | Zaimenko, Natalia |
| baseUrl_str | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2024-04-07T19:57:15Z |
| description | The hermetic condition is the least studied factor associated with the spaceflights. Phalaenopsis pulcherrima is promising for space farming as it can be cultivated in small substrate blocks, and its photosynthetic apparatus is well adapted to elevated CO2 concentrations and temperatures.Three-year-old meristematic P. pulcherrima plants were planted into plastic (acrylic) vessels filled with fibrous substrate. In control, vessels had an open top. The hermetic conditions were reached by sealing the vessels’ covers with a parafilm. Both control and hermetic vessels were placed in a plant growth chamber where test plants were cultivated under controlled conditions of air temperature, illumination, air humidity, and soil moisture. After 6 and 24 months of cultivation, the CO2 concentration in the hermetic and control vessels was measured, and the physiological characteristics of each test plant, such as the content of macro- and micronutrients, photosynthetic pigments, free amino acids, and content of labile carbohydrates (%) in the leaves of the test-plants were determined.It was revealed that cultivation of P. pulcherrima in hermetic conditions affected its basic physiological processes such as photosynthesis, mineral nutrition, carbohydrates, and amino acid metabolisms. The effect size of this stress factor depended on the duration of exposition period. Long-term cultivation of P. pulcherrima under hermetic conditions promoted the accumulation of nonenzymatic antioxidants (viz. chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and amino acids), which contributed to the adaptation of this orchid species to oxidative stress caused by hermetic environment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2023006 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:54:15Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
Plant Introduction, 99/100, 24–31 (2023)
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Physiological processes in Phalaenopsis pulcherrima cultivated in
hermetically sealed vessels
Nataliya Zaimenko, Nataliya Didyk *, Iryna Kharytonova, Arsen Viter
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sadovo-Botanichna str. 1, 01014 Kyiv, Ukraine;
* nataliya_didyk@ukr.net
Received: 22.07.2023 | Accepted: 20.10.2023 | Published online: 07.11.2023
Abstract
The hermetic condition is the least studied factor associated with the spaceflights. Phalaenopsis pulcherrima
is promising for space farming as it can be cultivated in small substrate blocks, and its photosynthetic
apparatus is well adapted to elevated CO2 concentrations and temperatures.
Three-year-old meristematic P. pulcherrima plants were planted into plastic (acrylic) vessels filled with
fibrous substrate. In control, vessels had an open top. The hermetic conditions were reached by sealing
the vessels’ covers with a parafilm. Both control and hermetic vessels were placed in a plant growth
chamber where test plants were cultivated under controlled conditions of air temperature, illumination,
air humidity, and soil moisture. After 6 and 24 months of cultivation, the CO2 concentration in the hermetic
and control vessels was measured, and the physiological characteristics of each test plant, such as the
content of macro- and micronutrients, photosynthetic pigments, free amino acids, and content of labile
carbohydrates (%) in the leaves of the test-plants were determined.
It was revealed that cultivation of P. pulcherrima in hermetic conditions affected its basic physiological
processes such as photosynthesis, mineral nutrition, carbohydrates, and amino acid metabolisms. The
effect size of this stress factor depended on the duration of exposition period. Long-term cultivation of
P. pulcherrima under hermetic conditions promoted the accumulation of nonenzymatic antioxidants (viz.
chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and amino acids), which contributed to the adaptation of this orchid species to
oxidative stress caused by hermetic environment.
Keywords: Phalaenopsis pulcherrima, hermetic conditions, photosynthetic pigments, assimilates allocation, mineral nutrients, amino
acids
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2023006
UDC 58.084 / 58.085 : 629.783
Authors’ contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: Zaimenko N.V. Performed the experiments: Zaimenko N.V. and
Kharytonova I.P. Wrote the paper: Didyk N.P. Critically revised the manuscript: Viter A.V.
Funding: The study financed by the scientific research program «Aerospace environmental monitoring in the interests of sustainable
development and security» 2021–2023, Nr 0121U111561.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Introduction
Higher plants are irreplaceable components of
the bioregenerative life support system (BLSS)
required for long-term exploration missions
(Brykov et al., 2018). They can provide the
astronauts with oxygen and food, reduce CO2
concentration, contribute to waste recycling
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2379-1223
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8448-7490
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-5278
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7997-5529
Plant Introduction • 99/100 25
Physiological processes in Phalaenopsis pulcherrima cultivated in hermetic vessels
and water management, and improve the
crew’s psychological health. Since the 1960s,
there has been a consistent effort to estimate
the adaptive potential of various higher plant
taxa to spaceflight conditions (Kiss et al.,
2019; Nguyen et al., 2023). It has been proved
by many experimental studies that higher
plants can grow and reproduce in the space
environment due to their ability to adapt to
space conditions (Zabel et al., 2016; Nguyen
et al., 2023). The spaceflight conditions could
have long-term physiological effects over
multiple generations of the tested plants. The
most pronounced influence on higher plants
physiology is attributed to altered gravity,
space radiation, magnetic fields, and hermetic
conditions (Manzano et al., 2022). It was
proved that microgravity alters the transport
and exchange of gases and liquids between the
plant and its surroundings, leading to changes
in photosynthesis, uptake and transport of
water and mineral nutrients, and allocation
of assimilates in the tissues of higher plants
(Wolff et al., 2013; Zaimenko et al., 2021).
Providing the plant growth facilities with the
convectional movement of the atmosphere and
moderate light levels helps to restore regular
gas exchange, metabolism, and photosynthesis
under microgravity and hermetic conditions
(Wolff et al., 2013). Experimental simulating
shielding from the Earth’s magnetic field
altered plant gas exchange and metabolism
(Wolff et al., 2013).
In space research, the vital state of crops
has been evaluated as a rule in terms of
their growth, development, productivity,
and nutritional value (Oluwafemi & Olubiyi,
2019; Khodadad et al., 2020). However,
the continuous cultivation of plants in
closed artificial ecosystems requires long-
term monitoring of their functional state,
the stability of their associations, and
their adaptive capacity to the spaceflight
environment (Zabel et al., 2016).
Despite a significant amount of studies
devoted to adaptive reactions of higher plants
to spaceflight conditions, which cover different
levels of organization from the molecular to
the ecosystem level, a sufficient understanding
of the physiological mechanisms of these
processes has not yet been achieved (Manzano
et al., 2022). Among all the above-mentioned
stress factors associated with space, hermetic
condition is the less studied factor. Most
of the available information on growing
plants in hermetic vessels considers the
combined effect of hermetic conditions and
microgravity. Research publications on the
physiological reactions of higher plants to
hermetic conditions alone are rather scarce.
It is well established that plants perceive the
combined effect of microgravity and hermetic
environment as a stress factor, which triggers
a series of nonspecific as well as specifically
targeted adaptive reactions (Manzano et al.,
2022). Some of these reactions maintain cell
integrity, plant metabolism, photosynthesis,
and respiration, while others are similar to the
ones triggered by oxidative stress (Zaimenko
et al., 2021; Manzano et al., 2022).
Understanding the specific and nonspecific
mechanisms of plant adaptation to stress
factors related to space travel will make it
possible to adjust controlled environmental
factors (e.g., light, temperature, CO2
concentration, humidity, fertilization with
mineral nutrients) to reduce the harmful effects
of uncontrollable factors (e.g., microgravity,
hermetic conditions, limited volume, etc.) of
the spacecraft’s growth facilities (Brykov et al.,
2018). The experimental studies proved that
regulating the light intensity could reduce
the negative effects of elevated high CO2
concentrations on wheat seedlings’ antioxidant
capacity and photosynthetic characteristics
under hermetic conditions (Yi et al., 2020).
The application of red lamps could induce the
adaptation response of plants to microgravity
(Manzano et al., 2022).
Another approach implies the selection
of the resilient genotypes of higher plants to
the space flight environment. To date, only
a limited number of plant species, mainly
vegetables and grain crops, have been tested
for their sensitivity to microgravity and
other stress factors caused by spaceflight
(Zaimenko, 1999; Brykov et al., 2018; Manzano
et al., 2022). The transcriptomic studies
carried out on various species of higher plants
cultivated in growth chambers on satellites
and space stations as well as in ground-based
microgravity simulators showed that despite
differences in experimental conditions, there
have been quite a few processes responsible
for adaptation to space flight environment.
Among the latter are cell wall remodeling,
the ability to cope with oxidative stress, and
photosynthesis (Manzano et al., 2022). From
26 Plant Introduction • 99/100
Zaimenko et al.
this perspective, plant species capable to
grow and reproduce in a limited substrate
volume, having the ability to maintain a high
photosynthetic rate under specific conditions
of a spaceflight, and strong antioxidant defense
systems are among promising candidates for
space farming.
Phalaenopsis pulcherrima (Lindl.) J.J. Sm., is
an epiphytic orchid, which could be cultivated
in small substrate blocks. Due to crassulacean
acid metabolism (CAM) its photosynthetic
apparatus is well adapted to elevated CO2
concentrations and temperatures (Song et al.,
2019). Therefore, we suggested the possible
good adaptive potential of this species for
the spaceflight environment. Our study
aimed to analyze the effect of hermetic
conditions on physiological processes
such as photosynthesis, mineral nutrition,
carbohydrates, and amino acid accumulation
in leaves of P. pulcherrima.
Material and methods
The experiments were conducted at
the Department of Allelopathy of the
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of
the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
(Kyiv, Ukraine). Three-years-old meristematic
P. pulcherrima plants were planted into
plastic (acrylic) vessels filled with fibrous
substrate, consisting of a mixture of basalt
and polyacrylonitrile fibers in a ratio of 1 : 1. In
control, vessels had an open top part. While
hermetic conditions were reached by sealing
the vessel’s cover with a parafilm. There were
ten vessels with open tops and 20 hermetically
sealed vessels. Both control and hermetic
vessels were placed in a plant growth chamber.
Test plants were cultivated under controlled
conditions of air temperature (22–24 ° C),
illumination (1700 lux), air humidity (80–83 %),
and soil moisture of 70–75 % of the soil field
capacity. The duration of the experiment was
24 months, from January 2020 to January 2022.
After six months of cultivation, ten out of 20
hermetically sealed vessels were opened, and
the first sampling was made. At the end of the
experiment (after 24 months of cultivation),
the remaining ten hermetically sealed vessels
were opened, and the second (last) sampling
was made. The sampling procedure included
measurement of CO2 concentration inside the
vessels and the physiological characteristics of
each test plant, such as the content of macro-
and micronutrients, photosynthetic pigments,
free amino acids, and the content of labile
carbohydrates (%) in the leaves of the test-
plants.
The CO2 contents in the hermetically-sealed
vessels were measured using S157-P (Qubit
Systems, Canada, 2019) СО2-analyzer with gas
pump (0–2000 ppm) and temperature control.
Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a
and b, and carotenoids) were extracted from
the leaves (fully expanded, exposed) of the
tested plants with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)
following Hiscox & Israelstam (1979). The
optical density was measured with a SPECORD
200 (Analytik Jena, Germany, 2003) at 665 nm
for chlorophyll a, 649 nm for chlorophyll b, and
480 nm for carotenoids.
The macro- and micronutrients in the
leaves were determined using an inductively
coupled plasma spectrometer iCAP 6300 DUO
(Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA, 2006).
The qualitative and quantitative content
of free amino acids was determined using
an amino acid analyzer Hitachi 835 (Japan)
following Ovchinnikov (1974).
The carbohydrates were extracted from the
freshly collected leaves with hot distilled water.
The extracts were purified from proteins
and pigments. The sucrose was hydrolyzed
during heating in the presence of hydrochloric
acid to glucose and fructose. Afterward, the
quantitative amount of carbohydrates was
determined spectrophotometrically using a
color reaction with Fehling’s reagent (Serdyuk
et al., 2020).
The data was subjected to the one-way
analysis of variance (ANOVA) applied after
testing the homogeneity of error variances
using Levene’s mean-based F-test procedure
with modifications outlined by Sharma &
Golam Kibria (2013). The statistical analysis
was performed using Statistica 10.0 software
(Stat Soft. Inc., Tulsa, USA, 2011). P-values of
less than 0.05 were considered statistically
significant.
Results
Measurement of CO2 concentrations showed
that in the room outside vessels, the CO2
level was 420–430 ppmV. In the open-top
Plant Introduction • 99/100 27
Physiological processes in Phalaenopsis pulcherrima cultivated in hermetic vessels
Exposition
time Treatment
Chlorophyll
Carotenoids Chlorophylls (a + b)
/ carotenoidsa b a + b a / b
6 months control 22.1 ± 1.7 9.9 ± 0.5 31.9 3.3 12.0 ± 0.9 2.66
hermetic
conditions
22.7 ± 1.8 10.2 ± 0.6 32.9 2.2 12.5 ± 0.8 2.63
24 months control 10.3 ± 0.7 3.5 ± 0.2 13.8 2.9 5.7 ± 0.3 2.42
hermetic
conditions
19.2 ± 1.3 7.1 ± 0.5 26.3 2.7 10.5 ± 0.9 2.51
Table 1. The effect of hermetic conditions on the content of photosynthetic pigments (mg / 100 g of fresh
weight) in the leaves of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima.
Exposition
time Treatment
Chlorophyll
Carotenoids Chlorophylls (a + b)
/ carotenoidsa b a + b a / b
6 months control 22.1 ± 1.7 9.9 ± 0.5 31.9 3.3 12.0 ± 0.9 2.66
hermetic
conditions
22.7 ± 1.8 10.2 ± 0.6 32.9 2.2 12.5 ± 0.8 2.63
24 months control 10.3 ± 0.7 3.5 ± 0.2 13.8 2.9 5.7 ± 0.3 2.42
hermetic
conditions
19.2 ± 1.3 7.1 ± 0.5 26.3 2.7 10.5 ± 0.9 2.51
Table 2. The effect of hermetic conditions on carbohydrates content (%) in the leaves of Phalaenopsis
pulcherrima after 6 and 24 months of cultivation.
vessels, it ranged from 405 to 413 ppmV. In the
hermetically-sealed vessels, CO2 concentration
reached 275–280 ppmV at the first sampling
procedure (after six months of exposition)
and 312–318 ppmV at the second sampling
procedure (after 24 months of exposition).
Despite drastic difference in CO2
concentrations between open-top and
hermetically sealed vessels, after six
months of cultivation, the content of
photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a
and b, and carotenoids) in the leaves of the
exposed and control test plants displayed
no significant differences. However, after 24
months of cultivation, the concentrations of
the mentioned photosynthetic pigments in
the leaves of the test plants cultivated under
hermetic conditions were 1.8- and 2.0-fold as
much as in control (Table 1).
After a six-month exposition of test
plants to hermetic conditions, the content
of monosaccharides and disaccharides
decreased insignificantly, while starch content
increased by 10 %. More prolonged cultivation
of plants in hermetic conditions revealed a
sharper fluctuation of these indices: a 1.5–1.8-
fold decrease in the concentration of mono-
and disugars and a 2.3-fold increase in starch
content (Table 2).
The obtained dependence can be explained
by changes in the activity of phosphorylation
reactions in the test plant tissues, which occur
against the background of a higher content of
chlorophylls a and b in leaves after 24 months
of cultivation under hermetic conditions.
An increase in nitrogen, potassium, and
manganese content in the foliar tissues of
P. pulcherrima under hermetic conditions was
observed compared to the control (Table 3).
The effect size positively correlated with the
duration of the exposition period.
Noticeable changes in amino acid
composition were observed in the leaves
P. pulcherrima cultivated under hermetic
conditions: the amount of aspartic, glutamic
acids, and alanine reduced drastically, while
the content of histidine, arginine, tyrosine,
and phenylalanine increased (Table 4). As a
rule, the size of the effect positively correlated
with the duration of the exposition period.
28 Plant Introduction • 99/100
Zaimenko et al.
Nutrient
Exposition time
6 months 24 months
control hermetic conditions control hermetic conditions
N, % 3.2 ± 0.33 3.44 ± 0.07 3.0 ± 0.06 3.84 ± 0.48
P, % 0.59 ± 0.08 0.47 ± 0.04 0.54 ± 0.09 0.42 ± 0.01
K, % 2.73 ± 0.15 4.4 ± 0.55 2.3 ± 0.12 4.9 ± 0.68
Ca, % 1.19 ± 0.12 0.94 ± 0.05 1.10 ± 0.24 0.87 ± 0.01
Mg, % 0.30 ± 0.07 0.26 ± 0.02 0.27 ± 0.04 0.21 ± 0.01
Fe, mg / L 121.72 ± 3.57 105.4 ± 5.47 108.4 ± 4.36 93.9 ± 3.68
Mn, mg / L 49.8 ± 2.29 55.3 ± 2.23 53.8 ± 2.43 68.7 ± 2.85
Cu, mg / L 19.2 ± 1.06 15.1 ± 1.54 18.6 ± 1.37 14.3 ± 1.13
Zn, mg / L 39.4 ± 4.15 33.6 ± 2.22 39.5 ± 1.12 32.7 ± 2.12
Table 3. The effect of hermetic conditions on the content of macro- (%) and micronutrients (mg / L) in the
leaves of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima.
Amino acid
Exposition time
6 months 24 months
control hermetic conditions control hermetic conditions
Aspartic acid 1.39 ± 0.03 0.15 ± 0.01 0.21 ± 0.01 0
Glutamic acid 5.27 ± 0.24 1.84 ± 0.44 1.87 ± 0.02 0.33 ± 0.01
Alanine 1.16 ± 0.18 0.12 ± 0.01 0.12 ± 0.01 0
Histidine 0.27 ± 0.02 0.44 ± 0.01 0.08 ± 0.01 0.39 ± 0.01
Arginine 9.15 ± 0.23 13.27 ± 1.14 8.64 ± 0.22 13.04 ± 0.01
Tyrosine 0.44 ± 0.01 0.68 ± 0.01 0.09 ± 0.01 0.51 ± 0.01
Phenylalanine 0.97 ± 0.01 1.03 ± 0.04 0.21 ± 0.01 0.74 ± 0.01
Table 4. The effect of hermetic conditions on amino acid composition (µg / 100 g of fresh weight) in the
leaves of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima.
Discussion
Hermetic conditions exclude gas exchange
and air movement inside vessels, which, in
turn, affect temperature and air humidity
conditions and create prerequisites for
developing unfavorable microflora in the
rhizosphere and phylloplane. Unfortunately,
most studies in space biology are devoted
to the combined effect of the two factors,
viz. hermetic conditions and clinorotating,
considering the last factor as the main acting
factor. In our opinion, hermetic condition
is no less important for the physiological
processes in test plants than microgravity.
Measuring the level of carbon dioxide inside
sealed and open vessels showed that in the
latter, it was 47 % higher than in the former
after six months of exposure and only 30 %
higher after 24 months of exposure. This
indicates the formation of a complementary
microbiocenosis, which consumes the
oxygen produced by plants and restores the
reserves of carbon dioxide necessary for the
normal course of photosynthesis in the test
plants.
The results of the analysis of the
content of photosynthetic pigments in
the leaves confirm this conclusion. Thus,
in experimental plants, after six months
of cultivation under hermetic conditions,
the content of photosynthetic pigments
Plant Introduction • 99/100 29
Physiological processes in Phalaenopsis pulcherrima cultivated in hermetic vessels
remained practically unchanged, but after
24 months, their concentration increased
sharply (see Table 1).
The increase in the intensity of
photosynthesis was positively correlated
with the increase in biosynthetic processes,
particularly starch biosynthesis and the
activation of nitrogen metabolism. This was
evidenced by the increase in the amount of
amino acids (histidine, arginine, tyrosine, and
phenylalanine) in the leaves of P. pulcherrima.
On the other hand, the accumulation of
arginine, histidine, and phenylalanine in
the leaves of the test plants may indicate a
disorder of growth processes and suppression
of oxidative phosphorylation.
It should also be noted that a sharp increase
in the content of carotenoids and chlorophyll b
during long-term (for 24 months) cultivation
of test plants in sealed conditions, while the
ratio of chlorophyll a + b / carotenoids, which
is considered a marker of stress in higher
plants, did not reveal statistically significant
changes. Carotenoids and chlorophyll b are
efficient antioxidant scavengers essential in
protecting photosynthetic systems against
photooxidative processes (McElroy &
Kopsell, 2009). Thus, the observed increase
in chlorophylls and carotenoids contents
and stable chlorophylls / carotenoids ratio
in the leaves of P. pulcherrima exposed
to prolong hermetic conditions indicate
activation of antioxidant defense systems as
a part of nonspecific adaptive responses to
unfavorable environmental factors.
Prolonged cultivation of higher plants
in hermetic conditions is known to cause
oxidative stress, which could lead to the
inhibition of basic physiological processes
such as mineral nutrition, metabolism of
amino acids, protein biosynthesis, and
photosynthesis (Zaimenko et al., 2021). Our
previous studies revealed increases in the
contents of phosphorus, calcium, potassium,
and manganese in the vegetative organs of
terrestrial orchids after three months of
clinorotation in hermetically sealed vessels
(Zaimenko, 1999). At the same time, the
concentration of magnesium in the tissues
of all tested plants decreased, while the iron
content remained unchanged. Exposition
to hermetic conditions in combination
with clinorotation (for six and 12 months)
resulted in a sharp decrease in the levels
of macronutrients in the leaves and aerial
roots of treated plants (Cherevchenko et al.,
2000). However, prolonging clinorotation to
24 months could induce some adaptations
of mineral nutrition processes, resulting
in stimulation of specific macro- and
micronutrients (i.e., K, N, Fe, Mn, and Zn)
accumulation.
In the present study, it was also established
that hermetic conditions alone (without
clinorotation) could result in noticeable
changes in the accumulation of some macro-
and micronutrients in P. pulcherrima leaves,
which depended on the exposition period.
In particular, the nitrogen, potassium, and
manganese content in the leaves increased
under hermetic conditions, suggesting
intensifying photosynthetic and growth
functions. The increase in the content
of protective antioxidants (chlorophyll b,
carotenoids, and certain amino acids)
indicated the activation of protective
mechanisms preventing the adverse effects
of oxidative stress caused by a hermetic
environment.
Conclusions
To sum up, this research revealed a significant
influence of the hermetic conditions
on the basic physiological processes in
P. pulcherrima. In particular, cultivation
for 24 months in a hermetic vessels
contributed to an increase in the content
of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a
and b, and carotenoids), the accumulation
of starch in leaves, and the content of
some amino acids (histidine, arginine,
tyrosine, and phenylalanine) and macro-
and microelements (nitrogen, potassium,
and manganese). The intensification of
photosynthesis and biosynthetic processes
indicates the improvement of growth and
productivity of P. pulcherrima after long-
term cultivation under hermetic conditions.
The increase in the content of protective
antioxidants (chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and
certain amino acids) indicates the activation
of protective mechanisms that prevent the
manifestation of the negative effects of
oxidative stress.
30 Plant Introduction • 99/100
Zaimenko et al.
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Plant Introduction • 99/100 31
Physiological processes in Phalaenopsis pulcherrima cultivated in hermetic vessels
Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі
Наталія Заіменко, Наталія Дідик *, Ірина Харитонова, Арсен Вітер
Національний ботанічний сад ім. М.М. Гришка Національної академії наук України, вул. Садово-
Ботанічна, 1, 01014 Київ, Україна; * nataliya_didyk@ukr.net
Замкнене герметичне середовище є найменш дослідженим фактором серед тих, що пов’язані з
космічними польотами. Phalaenopsis pulcherrima є перспективним для космічного рослинництва,
оскільки цю рослину можна культивувати в невеликих блоках субстрату, а її фотосинтетичний
апарат добре пристосований до підвищених концентрацій CO2 і температур.
Трирічні меристематичні рослини P. pulcherrima висаджували у пластикові (акрилові) посудини,
наповнені волокнистим субстратом. У контрольних посудинах верхню частину лишали відкритою.
У гермеоб’ємах посудини закривали кришками, які заклеювали парафільмом. Контрольні та
герметичні посудини поміщали в камеру для росту рослин, де дослідні рослини культивували
за контрольованих умов температури повітря, освітлення, вологості повітря та ґрунту. Через 6 і
24 місяці культивування вимірювали концентрацію СО2 в герметичних і контрольних посудинах
і визначали фізіологічні характеристики для кожної дослідної рослини, такі як вміст макро- і
мікроелементів, фотосинтетичних пігментів, вільних амінокислот і вміст лабільних вуглеводів (%) у
листках дослідних рослин.
Виявлено, що культивування P. pulcherrima в гермооб’ємах впливає на основні фізіологічні процеси,
такі як фотосинтез, мінеральне живлення, вуглеводний та амінокислотний обміни. Величина впливу
цього стрес-фактора залежала від тривалості експозиційного періоду. Тривале культивування
P. pulcherrima за герметичних умов сприяло накопиченню неферментативних антиоксидантів
(а саме хлорофілу b, каротиноїдів та амінокислот), що сприяло адаптації цього виду орхідей до
окислювального стресу, спричиненого герметичним середовищем.
Ключові слова: Phalaenopsis pulcherrima, герметичні умови, фотосинтетичні пігменти, розподіл асимілятів, мінеральні поживні
речовини, амінокислоти
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1627 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:54:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/20/82db208c49046f59af2a2cc533518320.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-16272024-04-07T19:57:15Z Physiological processes in Phalaenopsis pulcherrima cultivated in hermetically sealed vessels Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі Zaimenko, Natalia Didyk, Nataliya Kharitonova, Iryna Viter, Arsen The hermetic condition is the least studied factor associated with the spaceflights. Phalaenopsis pulcherrima is promising for space farming as it can be cultivated in small substrate blocks, and its photosynthetic apparatus is well adapted to elevated CO2 concentrations and temperatures.Three-year-old meristematic P. pulcherrima plants were planted into plastic (acrylic) vessels filled with fibrous substrate. In control, vessels had an open top. The hermetic conditions were reached by sealing the vessels’ covers with a parafilm. Both control and hermetic vessels were placed in a plant growth chamber where test plants were cultivated under controlled conditions of air temperature, illumination, air humidity, and soil moisture. After 6 and 24 months of cultivation, the CO2 concentration in the hermetic and control vessels was measured, and the physiological characteristics of each test plant, such as the content of macro- and micronutrients, photosynthetic pigments, free amino acids, and content of labile carbohydrates (%) in the leaves of the test-plants were determined.It was revealed that cultivation of P. pulcherrima in hermetic conditions affected its basic physiological processes such as photosynthesis, mineral nutrition, carbohydrates, and amino acid metabolisms. The effect size of this stress factor depended on the duration of exposition period. Long-term cultivation of P. pulcherrima under hermetic conditions promoted the accumulation of nonenzymatic antioxidants (viz. chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and amino acids), which contributed to the adaptation of this orchid species to oxidative stress caused by hermetic environment. Замкнене герметичне середовище є найменш дослідженим фактором серед тих, що пов’язані з космічними польотами. Phalaenopsis pulcherrima є перспективним для космічного рослинництва, оскільки цю рослину можна культивувати в невеликих блоках субстрату, а її фотосинтетичний апарат добре пристосований до підвищених концентрацій CO2 і температур.Трирічні меристематичні рослини P. pulcherrima висаджували у пластикові (акрилові) посудини, наповнені волокнистим субстратом. У контрольних посудинах верхню частину лишали відкритою. У гермеоб’ємах посудини закривали кришками, які заклеювали парафільмом. Контрольні та герметичні посудини поміщали в камеру для росту рослин, де дослідні рослини культивували за контрольованих умов температури повітря, освітлення, вологості повітря та ґрунту. Через 6 і 24 місяці культивування вимірювали концентрацію СО2 в герметичних і контрольних посудинах і визначали фізіологічні характеристики для кожної дослідної рослини, такі як вміст макро- і мікроелементів, фотосинтетичних пігментів, вільних амінокислот і вміст лабільних вуглеводів (%) у листках дослідних рослин.Виявлено, що культивування P. pulcherrima в гермооб’ємах впливає на основні фізіологічні процеси, такі як фотосинтез, мінеральне живлення, вуглеводний та амінокислотний обміни. Величина впливу цього стрес-фактора залежала від тривалості експозиційного періоду. Тривале культивування P. pulcherrima за герметичних умов сприяло накопиченню неферментативних антиоксидантів (а саме хлорофілу b, каротиноїдів та амінокислот), що сприяло адаптації цього виду орхідей до окислювального стресу, спричиненого герметичним середовищем. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2023-11-07 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1627 10.46341/PI2023006 Plant Introduction; No 99/100 (2023); 24-31 Інтродукція Рослин; № 99/100 (2023); 24-31 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI99-100 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1627/1545 Copyright (c) 2023 Natalia Zaimenko, Nataliya Didyk, Iryna Kharitonova, Dr., Arsen Viter http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Zaimenko, Natalia Didyk, Nataliya Kharitonova, Iryna Viter, Arsen Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі |
| title | Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі |
| title_alt | Physiological processes in Phalaenopsis pulcherrima cultivated in hermetically sealed vessels |
| title_full | Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі |
| title_fullStr | Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі |
| title_full_unstemmed | Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі |
| title_short | Фізіологічні процеси Phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі |
| title_sort | фізіологічні процеси phalaenopsis pulcherrima за умов вирощування у гермооб’ємі |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1627 |
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