Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L.
The study aimed to determine the effect of radiation exposure on the productivity of the above-ground mass of different cultivars of Matricaria сhamomilla L. under the conditions of using fertilizing biological preparations. The cultivars M. chamomilla ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (Ukraine) and ‘Goral’ (Slov...
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M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
2025
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| author | Andrushchenko, Olena Rakhmetov, Jamal Kravets, Oleksandra Sokol, Oksana Dzhurenko, Nadiya Palamarchuk, Olena Pchelovska, Svitlana Glushchenko, Lyudmila Kuchuk, Mykola |
| author_facet | Andrushchenko, Olena Rakhmetov, Jamal Kravets, Oleksandra Sokol, Oksana Dzhurenko, Nadiya Palamarchuk, Olena Pchelovska, Svitlana Glushchenko, Lyudmila Kuchuk, Mykola |
| author_sort | Andrushchenko, Olena |
| baseUrl_str | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2025-07-27T21:03:35Z |
| description | The study aimed to determine the effect of radiation exposure on the productivity of the above-ground mass of different cultivars of Matricaria сhamomilla L. under the conditions of using fertilizing biological preparations. The cultivars M. chamomilla ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (Ukraine) and ‘Goral’ (Slovenia) were used in the study. Pre-sowing X-ray irradiation of seeds was carried out at doses of 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy with a power of 1.42 cGy/s. In the variants with fertilizing, biological preparations of BTU Biotech Company (Ukraine) were used, which contain a complex of nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus-potassium mobilizing, and fungicidal bacteria: “Groundfix”, “Gumifriend”, “Helprost”, “Organic-balance”, and “Liposam”. Pre-sowing irradiation of seeds in doses of 10 and 15 Gy stimulated an increase in inflorescence productivity. The collection of air-dry mass of inflorescences was the largest in the cultivar ‘Goral’ for irradiation in doses of 10 and 15 Gy and amounted to 153 and 152 g/m2. Under the conditions of plant feeding with organo-mineral preparations, dry inflorescences of 175 and 170 g/m2 were obtained in the variants of 10 and 15 Gy, respectively. Thus, after 10 Gy dose absorption, the yield of raw materials increased by 70 % compared to the reference sample. The introduction of a complex of biological preparations stimulated an increase in plant productivity: in the cultivar ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’, inflorescences of 82 g/m2 were collected for feeding, which is 82 % more than in the reference sample (45 g/m2); in the variety ‘Goral’ the yield of dry inflorescences increased by 8–20 %. In the budding phase, the largest above-ground mass was formed at doses of 10 Gy in the cultivars ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (26.22 g/plant) and ‘Goral’ (16.66 g/plant). Also, the largest underground mass and number of lateral shoots were formed under the influence of treatment at 10 Gy in the cultivars ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (1.82 g/plant and 6.4 pcs. respectively) and ‘Goral’ (1.04 g/plant and 4.0 pcs.). Irradiation of seeds and treatment with a complex of biological preparations stimulate a significant increase in the yield of chamomile inflorescences. The largest above-ground and underground mass, as well as lateral shoots of M. сhamomilla cultivars ‘Goral’, ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ were formed under irradiation at doses of 10 and 15 Gy in the budding phase. Pre-sowing X-ray irradiation of seeds is an effective method of increasing the productivity of M. сhamomilla plants. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2025006 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:54:30Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
Plant Introduction, 105/106, 52–59 (2025)
RESEARCH ARTICLE
The effect of pre-sowing radiation treatment of seeds on the productivity
of Matricaria chamomilla L. plants
Olena Andrushchenko 1, *, Jamal Rakhmetov 1, Oleksandra Kravets 2, Oksana Sokol 1,
Nadiya Dzhurenko 1, Olena Palamarchuk 1, Svitlana Pchelovska 2, Lyudmila Glushchenko 3,
Mykola Kuchuk 2
1 M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sadovo-Botanichna str. 1, 01103 Kyiv, Ukraine;
* novaflora@ukr.net
2 Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of the, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academika Zabolotnoho str. 148,
03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
3 Experimental Station of Medicinal Plants of the Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management, National Academy of
Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Pokrovska str. 16a, 37535 Berezotocha, Lubenskyi district, Poltava region, Ukraine
Received: 01.04.2025 | Accepted: 01.06.2025 | Published online: 08.06.2025
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the effect of radiation exposure on the productivity of the above-ground
mass of different cultivars of Matricaria сhamomilla L. under the conditions of using fertilizing biological
preparations. The cultivars M. chamomilla ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (Ukraine) and ‘Goral’ (Slovenia) were used
in the study. Pre-sowing X-ray irradiation of seeds was carried out at doses of 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy with
a power of 1.42 cGy/s. In the variants with fertilizing, biological preparations of BTU Biotech Company
(Ukraine) were used, which contain a complex of nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus-potassium mobilizing, and
fungicidal bacteria: “Groundfix”, “Gumifriend”, “Helprost”, “Organic-balance”, and “Liposam”. Pre-sowing
irradiation of seeds in doses of 10 and 15 Gy stimulated an increase in inflorescence productivity. The
collection of air-dry mass of inflorescences was the largest in the cultivar ‘Goral’ for irradiation in doses
of 10 and 15 Gy and amounted to 153 and 152 g/m2. Under the conditions of plant feeding with organo-
mineral preparations, dry inflorescences of 175 and 170 g/m2 were obtained in the variants of 10 and 15
Gy, respectively. Thus, after 10 Gy dose absorption, the yield of raw materials increased by 70 % compared
to the reference sample. The introduction of a complex of biological preparations stimulated an increase
in plant productivity: in the cultivar ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’, inflorescences of 82 g/m2 were collected for
feeding, which is 82 % more than in the reference sample (45 g/m2); in the variety ‘Goral’ the yield of dry
inflorescences increased by 8–20 %. In the budding phase, the largest above-ground mass was formed
at doses of 10 Gy in the cultivars ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (26.22 g/plant) and ‘Goral’ (16.66 g/plant). Also, the
largest underground mass and number of lateral shoots were formed under the influence of treatment
at 10 Gy in the cultivars ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (1.82 g/plant and 6.4 pcs. respectively) and ‘Goral’ (1.04 g/plant
and 4.0 pcs.). Irradiation of seeds and treatment with a complex of biological preparations stimulate a
significant increase in the yield of chamomile inflorescences. The largest above-ground and underground
mass, as well as lateral shoots of M. сhamomilla cultivars ‘Goral’, ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ were formed under
irradiation at doses of 10 and 15 Gy in the budding phase. Pre-sowing X-ray irradiation of seeds is an
effective method of increasing the productivity of M. сhamomilla plants.
Keywords: Matricaria chamomilla, seeds pre-sowing irradiation, X-rays, inflorescence productivity, biologically active compounds
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2025006
UDC 581.524.12 : 632.51 : 631.153 : 581.192
Authors’ contributions: Olena Andrushchenko interpreted the results, statistical processing of the exsperimental data and wrote
the manuscript. Jamal Rakhmetov developed the concept of research. Oleksandra Kravets writing methodological part of the
research. Oksana Sokol collected experimental data. Nadiya Dzhurenko analyzed literary sources. Olena Palamarchuk analyzed
Plant Introduction • 105/106 53
The effect of pre-sowing radiation treatment of Matricaria chamomilla seeds
Introduction
The widespread use of plants in official
medicine has led to an increase in the
diversity of approaches to increasing the
yield of medicinal substances from natural
raw materials. Along with the search for new
species that have medicinal properties and
the breeding of more productive cultivars,
the redirection of plant metabolism towards
increasing the substances necessary
for practice is used. While genetic and
metabolic engineering focuses on the
genetic transformation of organisms,
reorientation of plant metabolism can be
achieved by exposure to stress factors.
One effective approach is using various
radiation forms as abiotic stress (Alothman
et al., 2009). Under their action, a shift in
metabolic processes is observed towards
forming secondary metabolic substances,
which include most radioprotectors
with antioxidant, anticarcinogenic,
immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory
effects, and are used in pharmacology.
An example of intensive technology is
using pre-sowing X-ray irradiation of
medicinal plant seeds in stimulating doses
to effectively increase the productivity
and pharmaceutical value of medicinal raw
materials. The level of irradiation in doses
of 15–20 Gy is highly effective for certain
plant species. For example, the content of
stevioside, total phenolic compounds and
flavonoids increased under the influence
of γ-irradiation of callus cultures of Stevia
rebaudiana Bertoni; the yield of camptothecin
increased 20-fold upon irradiation of 20 Gy
of callus cultures of Nothapodytes foetida
(Wight) Sleumer; the content of shikonins
increased four-fold in suspension cultures of
Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zucc.
upon irradiation of 16 Gy (Vardhan & Shukla,
2017). It has also been shown that X-ray
irradiation at doses of 5–20 Gy increases the
chamazulene content in the essential oil of
Matricaria chamomilla by two–four times,
which is confirmed by a patent of Ukraine
(U 129749) (Shilina et al., 2020).
Chamomile (M. сhamomilla) is one of the
most common medicinal plants in the world,
belonging to the Asteraceae family, is an
annual and grows naturally in Europe and Asia
(Miraj & Alesaeidi, 2016). Chamomile cultivation
began about 70 years ago, and it is now
grown on a large scale using various, mainly
tetraploid, breeding lines and registered
cultivars of mostly European gene pool, which
are characterized by high yields and content
of essential oil and other valuable compounds
(Albrecht & Otto, 2020; Dai et al., 2023).
Chamomile is traditionally used in medicine
(Srivastava et al., 2010; El Mihyaoui et al., 2022;
Kaoudoune et al., 2022). It is one of the most
common medicinal plants and a convenient,
unpretentious experimental object.
Biological soil improvement, foliar
fertilization, and the introduction of effective
microorganisms may be used to improve the
quantitative and qualitative indicators of raw
materials in chamomile plants (Kwiatkowski,
2015).
The study aimed to determine the effect
of radiation exposure on the productivity of
above-ground biomass of M. сhamomilla using
different cultivars under the conditions of
application of fertilizing biological products.
Material and methods
The research plots were located on the
territory of the M.M. Gryshko National
Botanical Garden (Kyiv). The soils of the
plot are dark gray, podzolized, and slightly
washed out. Climatic conditions in the years
of research (2023–2024) were characterized
by a steady excess of the average monthly air
temperature (Meteopost, 2010–2025). It was
highest in July, August, and September and
literary sources. Svitlana Pchelovska collected experimental data. Lyudmila Glushchenko developed a research organization scheme.
Mykola Kuchuk served as editorial support in writing the article.
Funding: The work was done with funds from the project “Synthesis of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins and increasing the
content of biologically active natural compounds in plants. Section 2. Development of modern biotechnologies of medicinal plant
cultivation conditions for obtaining phytoraw materials with an increased content of biologically active phenolic compounds and
flavonoids” (State registration number 0123U102163).
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
54 Plant Introduction • 105/106
Andrushchenko et al.
deviated from the multi-year norm by 4.5–
6.6 °C (Table 1).
Against the background of increased air
temperature, uneven moisture supply was
observed throughout the growing season.
There were months with sharp deviations
from the norm either toward excess or
toward their deficit (Table 2). Thus, in April
2023 and June 2024, precipitation exceeded
the monthly norm by twice, and in April 2023,
it was almost absent. The moisture supply
was characterized by unevenness and long
periods of drought.
The experiments used seeds of
M. chamomilla cultivars: ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’
(Ukraine) and ‘Goral’ (Slovenia) from the
collection of the Research Station of Medicinal
Plants of the Institute of Agroecology and
Environmental Management of the NAAS of
Ukraine. Seeds of the 2022–2023 harvest.
Pre-sowing irradiation of seeds was carried
out on an X-ray machine RUM-17 in four
doses – 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy, with a dose rate
– 1.42 cGy/s. Seeds (20–30 g of each option)
were placed in polyethylene bags.
In the experiment with fertilization, a
complex of organic preparations from BTU
Biotech company (Ukraine) was used: pre-
sowing application of the phosphorus-
potassium mobilizer “Groundfix” to the
soil at a dose of 5 l/ha, which increases the
availability and mobility of macroelements
in the soil; during sowing, soil treatment
with a complex of preparations “Helprost”
(2 l/ha), “Organic-balance” (0.5 l/ha) and
“Liposam” (0.5 l/ha) (a complex of nitrogen-
fixing, phosphorus-potassium mobilizing and
fungicidal bacteria); root application three
times during the growing season with an
interval of two weeks – “Helprost” (1 l/ha),
“Organic-balance” (0.5 l/ ha), “Gumifrend”
(0.3 l/ha) and “Liposam” (0.3 l/ha) to improve
nutrition, stimulate development and
resistance to fungal diseases. The area of each
plot was 5 m2. The placement of the variants
was randomized in three replications.
Plant productivity indicators were
determined in the budding phase (ВВСН 50).
Inflorescences were collected weekly during
the entire flowering period (ВВСН 60), and
the accumulated air-dried raw material was
weighed. The number of inflorescences was
counted in the fruiting phase (ВВСН 80)
(Fig. 1).
Statistical analysis of the obtained data
was carried out by the method of analysis of
variance (ANOVA). The obtained data were
expressed as mean ± standard deviation and
Month IV V VI VII VIII IX
Average long-term rate 8.7 15.2 18.2 19.3 18.6 13.9
2023 Average monthly 9.6 16.2 19.6 21.5 23.8 18.8
max 19.9 26.9 30.4 31.8 35.7 28.3
min 1.2 5.3 8.4 13.6 13.8 9.6
2024 Average monthly 12.8 16.3 21.6 24.1 23.1 20.5
max 25.9 27.3 31.3 35.9 35.1 32.5
min 0.2 3.5 13.8 15.1 13.9 10.8
Table 1. Average air temperature during the vegetation period of Matricaria chamomilla (Kyiv), °С.
Month IV V VI VII VIII IX
Average long-term rate 49 53 73 88 69 47
2023 102.6 1.0 87.6 136.1 19.6 8.6
2024 79.0 15.3 136.5 51.9 24.7 56.9
Table 2. Monthly precipitation during the vegetation period of Matricaria chamomilla (Kyiv), mm.
Plant Introduction • 105/106 55
The effect of pre-sowing radiation treatment of Matricaria chamomilla seeds
were calculated using Microsoft Excel. The
reliability of the results was assessed using
the Student’s t-test, the level of reliability
(p < 0.05).
Results and discussion
The possibility of increasing the productivity
of M. chamomilla by pre-sowing acute
irradiation of seeds was investigated. The
height of the main shoot and the root
length were measured, and the number of
lateral shoots and the above-ground and
underground mass of plants were counted.
The experiment considered different
irradiation doses, genotypic differences, and
fertilization with biological products.
According to research results in Table 3,
the ‘Goral’ samples had the highest mass of dry
inflorescences. The mass of inflorescences
of this cultivar was greater at 10 and 15
Gy, which was 161 and 160 % compared to
the reference sample. Under fertilizing
conditions with organo-mineral preparations,
the largest number of dry inflorescences was
obtained in the variants 10 and 15 Gy – 175 and
170 g/ m2, respectively. However, the greatest
stimulation of inflorescence productivity
was observed in the ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’
without using biological preparations – 193–
196 % compared to the reference values for
irradiation of 10 and 15 Gy. There is a big
difference in the increase in the production
of inflorescences of ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’
compared to ‘Goral’. In the variant without
biological product use, the productivity
increased by irradiation to the level of the
reference sample of a variant with biological
product use – up to 82–88 g/ m2. Compared
to the reference sample, there was a sharp
increase of up to 196 % for plants without
biological products application. However,
such rapid growth was not observed in
plants treated with biological products. In
our opinion, this is due to the wider limits of
modification variability of the productivity of
‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ inflorescences and greater
trophic demandingness than the ‘Goral’.
It should be noted that irradiation at the
level of 20 Gy has a significantly smaller effect
on increasing the yield of M. chamomilla
inflorescences compared to lower irradiation
doses. Plants that grew without the use of
biological products formed less dry biomass.
A particularly pronounced difference was
found in reference samples of the cultivar
‘Perlyna Lisostepu’: without fertilizing –
45 g/ m2, fertilized with biological products
Figure 1. Matricaria chamomilla plants in different phases of development: A – budding (ВВСН 50);
B – flowering (ВВСН 60); C – fruiting (ВВСН 80).
BA C
56 Plant Introduction • 105/106
Andrushchenko et al.
– 82 g/ m2 (Table 3). In the cultivar ‘Goral’,
fertilizing contributed to an increase in the
collection of dry inflorescences by 8–25 g/ m2.
Biometric surveys of the studied plants in
the budding phase confirmed the positive
effect of ionizing radiation. Thus, the highest
fresh above-ground mass of one plant was
produced at 10 Gy irradiation in ‘Perlyna
Lisostepu’ (26.22 g) and ‘Goral’ (16.66 g)
(Table 4).
Also, in the 10 Gy variant, the most
extensive root system was formed, and the
largest number of lateral shoots was formed
(Table 4). The root length did not depend on
the level of irradiation. Therefore, the largest
above-ground and underground mass, as well
as lateral shoots of all studied M. сhamomilla
samples were formed under irradiation
conditions of 10 and 15 Gy.
By the example of M. сhamomilla ‘Goral’,
it was investigated how many inflorescences
were formed on one plant during the
growing season. The application of biological
products did not always ensure an increase
in inflorescences – in the irradiation options
of 10 and 20 Gy, reference samples prevailed
(Table 5). The number of inflorescences
formed on one plant ranges from 106 to
Variant
‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ ‘Goral’
without biological
products application
with biological
products application
without biological
products application
with biological
products application
g/m2 % compared to
the reference
sample
g/m2 % compared to
the reference
sample
g/m2 % compared to
the reference
sample
g/m2 % compared to
the reference
sample
Reference
sample
45 100 82 100 95 100 103 100
5 Gy 82 182 102 124 127 134 138 134
10 Gy 87 193 112 137 153 161 175 170
15 Gy 88 196 107 131 152 160 170 165
20 Gy 48 107 85 104 125 132 150 146
Table 3. Effect of irradiation of seeds of different varieties of Matricaria сhamomilla and use of biological
products on the collection of inflorescences of experimental plants (air-dry mass).
Cultivar Variant Ground weight
of the plant, g
Underground
mass of the
plant, g
Height of the
main shoot,
cm
Root length,
cm
Number of
lateral shoots,
pcs.
‘Perlyna
Lisostepu’
Control 7.56 ± 1.24 0.66 ± 0.10 28.4 ± 2.0 8.8 ± 0.7 0.4 ± 0.3
5 Gy 10.84 ± 2.26 0.78 ± 0.26 35.0 ± 2.7 9.0 ± 0.8 2.8 ± 0.9
10 Gy 26.22 ± 6.72 1.82 ± 0.36 30.8 ± 2.7 7.8 ± 0.7 6.4 ± 1.4
15 Gy 8.08 ± 1.16 0.60 ± 0.12 32.4 ± 2.8 11.0 ± 2.0 0.8 ± 0.4
20 Gy 7.16 ± 1.78 0.56 ± 0.24 31.0 ± 1.9 9.8 ± 1.0 1.6 ± 0.6
‘Goral’ Control 7.38 ± 2.56 0.64 ± 0.22 31.2 ± 1.2 9.6 ± 1.7 1.4 ± 0.7
5 Gy 11.68 ± 1.92 0.88 ± 0.10 34.0 ± 1.3 10.6 ± 1.0 1.0 ± 0.4
10 Gy 16.66 ± 2.28 1.04 ± 0.10 32.4 ± 1.4 7.4 ± 0.6 4.0 ± 0.6
15 Gy 15.46 ± 3.28 0.98 ± 0.22 34.0 ± 1.2 9.4 ± 0.7 3.0 ± 0.4
20 Gy 5.20 ± 0.97 0.36 ± 0.07 27.4 ± 1.9 9.6 ± 1.1 0.6 ± 0.5
Table 4. Productive indicators of Matricaria сhamomilla plants in the budding phase depending on the
absorbed dose of seed irradiation (without biological products application).
Plant Introduction • 105/106 57
The effect of pre-sowing radiation treatment of Matricaria chamomilla seeds
268 pcs. It was maximum under conditions of
15 Gy irradiation against the background of
application of plant nutrition. In general, the
highest stimulating effect was found at 10 and
15 Gy.
The intensification of the formation of
generative organs and the increase in yield
is one of the forms of the adaptive strategy
of plants (Dmytriev et al., 2018). X-ray
irradiation exposed with a dose of 10 Gy
resulted in a significant increase in the total
yield of inflorescences in four of the eight
previously studied M. chamomilla genotypes
collected during the season (Sokolova et al.,
2021). Our research confirmed the same
reaction of plants to pre-sowing irradiation
at 10 Gy. In addition, it was found out
what caused the increase in yield. There is
an increase in branching and, therefore,
in the number of inflorescences formed
and the production of above-ground and
underground plant mass.
Conclusions
It was found that the largest amount of
above-ground and underground mass, as well
as lateral shoots of Matricaria сhamomilla
cultivars ‘Goral’ and ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ in the
budding phase was formed under irradiation
conditions of 10 and 15 Gy.
Irradiation and treatment with a complex
of biological preparations stimulated the
productivity of chamomile (M. chamomilla)
inflorescences. The highest yield of raw
materials was obtained in the variants
of experiments with the cultivar ‘Goral’,
fertilized with a complex of organomineral
preparations in combination with irradiation
at 10 and 15 Gy doses.
References
Albrecht, S., & Otto, LG. (2020). Matricaria recutita L.:
True Chamomile. In: Novak, J., Blüthner, WD. (Eds.),
Medicinal, aromatic and stimulant plants. Handbook of
plant breeding. Vol 12 (pp. 313–331). Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38792-1_7
Alothman, M., Bhat, R., & Karim, A.A. (2009). Effects
of radiation processing on phytochemicals and
antioxidants in plant produce. Trends in Food
Science & Technology, 20(5), 201–212. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.tifs.2009.02.003
Dai, Y.-L., Li, Y., Wang, Q., Niu, F.-J., Li, K.-W.,
Wang, Y.-Y., Wang, J.,Zhou, C.-Z., & Gao, L.-N.
(2023). Chamomile: a review of its traditional uses,
chemical constituents, pharmacological activities
and quality control studies. Molecules, 28(1), Article
133. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010133
Dmytriev, O., Kravets, O., Rashydov, N., Bubryak, I.,
Guscha, M., Danchenko, M., Sokolova, D.,
Shylina, Y., Berezhna, V., Bubryak, O.,
Dyachenko, A., Kryvohyzha, M., Lytvynov, S.,
Nesterenko, O., & Sakada, V. (2018). Epigenetic
factors of plant adaptation. Palyvoda, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian)
El Mihyaoui, A., Esteves da Silva, J.C.G., Charfi, S.,
Candela Castillo, M.E., Lamarti, A., & Arnao, M.B.
(2022). Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): a
review of ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry
and pharmacological uses. Life, 12(4), Article 479.
https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040479
Kaoudoune, C., Benchikh, F., Abdennour, C.,
Benabdallah, H., & Mamache, W. (2022). Free
radical scavenging and antinociceptive activities of
the aqueous extract from Matricaria chamomilla L.
flowers. Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science
and Technology, 10(10), 2076–2080. https://doi.
org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.2076-2080.5330
Kwiatkowski, C.A. (2015). Yield and quality of
chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch.) raw
material depending on selected foliar sprays
and plant spacing. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum
Hortorum Cultus, 14(1), 143–156.
Variant without biological products application with biological products application
Reference sample 130 ± 15 149 ± 29
5 Gy 106 ± 9 179 ± 88
10 Gy 247 ± 91 203 ± 55
15 Gy 253 ± 110 268 ± 130
20 Gy 177 ± 55 158 ± 28
Table 5. Number of inflorescences of Matricaria сhamomilla ‘Goral’ at the end of the growing season
depending on the dose of seed irradiation and nutrition, pcs./plant.
58 Plant Introduction • 105/106
Andrushchenko et al.
Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин
Matricaria chamomilla L.
Олена Андрущенко 1, *, Джамал Рахметов 1, Олександра Кравець 2, Оксана Сокол 1, Надія Джуренко 1,
Олена Паламарчук 1, Світлана Пчеловська 2, Людмила Глущенко 3, Микола Кучук 2
1 Національний ботанічний сад імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, вул. Садово-Ботанічна, 1, 01103,
Київ, Україна; * novaflora@ukr.net
2 Iнститут клітинної біології та генної інженерії НАН України, вул. Академіка Заболотного, 148, 03143,
Київ, Україна
3 Дослідна станція лікарських рослин Інституту агроекології і природокористування НААН України,
вул. Покровська, 16а, 37535, Березоточа, Лубенський р-н, Полтавська обл., Україна
Метою дослідження було встановити вплив радіаційного опромінення на продуктивність
надземної маси Matricaria сhamomilla L. на прикладі різних сортів за умов використання
підживлюючих біопрепаратів. У дослідженні використано сорти M. chamomilla ‘Перлина
Лісостепу’ (Україна) і ‘Горал’ (Словенія). Проведено передпосівне рентгенівське опромінення
насіння при дозах 5, 10, 15 та 20 Гр з потужністю – 1.42 сГр/с. У варіантах з підживленням
використано біопрепарати BTU Biotech Company (Україна), які містять комплекс азотфіксуючих,
фосфор-калій мобілізуючих і фунгіцидних бактерій: “Граундфікс”, “Гуміфренд”, “Хелпрост”,
“Органік-баланс” та “Ліпосам”. Передпосівне опромінення насіння в дозах 10 і 15 Гр стимулювало
збільшення продуктивності суцвіть. Збір повітряно-сухої маси суцвіть був найбільшим у
сорту ‘Горал’ за опромінення в дозах 10 і 15 Гр і становив 153 і 152 г/ м2. За умов підживлення
рослин органо-мінеральними препаратами одержали сухих суцвіть 175 і 170 г/м2 у варіантах
10 і 15 Гр відповідно. Таким чином, опромінення потужністю 10 Гр дозволило збільшити вихід
сировини на 70 % від референтного значення. Внесення комплексу біопрепаратів стимулювало
збільшення продуктивності рослин: у сорту ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ за підживлення зібрано суцвіть
82 г/м2, що на 82 % більше, ніж у референтного зразка (45 г/м2); у сорту ‘Горал’ вихід сухих суцвіть
збільшувався на 8–20 %. У фазу бутонізації найбільше надземної маси формувалося за дози
10 Гр у сортів ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ (26.22 г/рослину) і ‘Горал’ (16.66 г/рослину). Також найбільша
підземна маса і кількість бічних пагонів утворювалися за впливу обробки у 10 Гр у сортів ‘Перлина
Лісостепу’ (1.82 г/рослину і 6.4 шт., відповідно) та ‘Горал’ (1.04 г/рослину і 4.0 шт.). Опромінення
насіння та обробка комплексом біопрепаратів стимулюють суттєве підвищення урожайності
суцвіть ромашки лікарської. Найбільше надземної та підземної маси, а також бічних пагонів
Meteopost. (2010–2025). https://meteopost.com/
pogoda/kiev/
Miraj, S., & Alesaeidi, S. (2016). A systematic review
study of therapeutic effects of Matricaria recutitta
chamomile (chamomile). Electronic Physician, 8(9),
3024–3031. https://doi.org/10.19082/3024
Shilina, J.V., Pchelovska, S.A., Lystvan, K.V.,
Litvinov, S.V., Sokolova, D.O., Salivon, A.G.,
Nesterenko, O.G., & Tonkal, L.V. (2020).
Method for increasing the content of the sum of
phenols and flavonoids in medicinal plant raw
materials by pre-sowing radiation treatment of
seeds: utility model patent U 142084 Ukraine.
Application Number u201911697. Application
Date 06.12.2019. Publication Date 12.05.2020,
bul. 9. (In Ukrainian)
Sokolova, D.O., Kravets, O.P., Sakada, V.I.,
Glushenko, L.A., & Kuchuk, M.V. (2021).
Productivity of medicinal raw materials by different
genotypes of Matricaria chamomilla L. Is affected
with pre-sowing radiation exposure of seed.
International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 8(2),
127–135. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.889817
Srivastava, J.K., Shankar, E., & Gupta, S. (2010).
Chamomile: a herbal medicine of the past with
bright future. Molecular Medicine Reports, 3(6),
895–901. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2010.377
Vardhan, P.V., & Shukla, L.I. (2017). Gamma irradiation of
medicinally important plants and the enhancement
of secondary metabolite production. International
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org/10.1080/09553002.2017.1344788
Plant Introduction • 105/106 59
The effect of pre-sowing radiation treatment of Matricaria chamomilla seeds
M. сhamomilla сортів ‘Горал’, ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ формувалося за умов опромінення в дозах
10 і 15 Гр у фазу бутонізації. Передпосівне рентгенівське опромінення насіння є ефективним
методом підвищення продуктивності рослин M. сhamomilla.
Ключові слова: Matricaria chamomilla, передпосівне опромінення насіння, рентгенівське випромінювання, продуктивність
суцвіть, біологічно активні сполуки
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| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1657 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-28T04:16:17Z |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/f1/4fa0b6bcd69e482b9d46e0024034fdf1.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-16572025-07-27T21:03:35Z The effect of pre-sowing radiation treatment of seeds on the productivity of Matricaria chamomilla L. plants Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L. Andrushchenko, Olena Rakhmetov, Jamal Kravets, Oleksandra Sokol, Oksana Dzhurenko, Nadiya Palamarchuk, Olena Pchelovska, Svitlana Glushchenko, Lyudmila Kuchuk, Mykola The study aimed to determine the effect of radiation exposure on the productivity of the above-ground mass of different cultivars of Matricaria сhamomilla L. under the conditions of using fertilizing biological preparations. The cultivars M. chamomilla ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (Ukraine) and ‘Goral’ (Slovenia) were used in the study. Pre-sowing X-ray irradiation of seeds was carried out at doses of 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy with a power of 1.42 cGy/s. In the variants with fertilizing, biological preparations of BTU Biotech Company (Ukraine) were used, which contain a complex of nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus-potassium mobilizing, and fungicidal bacteria: “Groundfix”, “Gumifriend”, “Helprost”, “Organic-balance”, and “Liposam”. Pre-sowing irradiation of seeds in doses of 10 and 15 Gy stimulated an increase in inflorescence productivity. The collection of air-dry mass of inflorescences was the largest in the cultivar ‘Goral’ for irradiation in doses of 10 and 15 Gy and amounted to 153 and 152 g/m2. Under the conditions of plant feeding with organo-mineral preparations, dry inflorescences of 175 and 170 g/m2 were obtained in the variants of 10 and 15 Gy, respectively. Thus, after 10 Gy dose absorption, the yield of raw materials increased by 70 % compared to the reference sample. The introduction of a complex of biological preparations stimulated an increase in plant productivity: in the cultivar ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’, inflorescences of 82 g/m2 were collected for feeding, which is 82 % more than in the reference sample (45 g/m2); in the variety ‘Goral’ the yield of dry inflorescences increased by 8–20 %. In the budding phase, the largest above-ground mass was formed at doses of 10 Gy in the cultivars ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (26.22 g/plant) and ‘Goral’ (16.66 g/plant). Also, the largest underground mass and number of lateral shoots were formed under the influence of treatment at 10 Gy in the cultivars ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ (1.82 g/plant and 6.4 pcs. respectively) and ‘Goral’ (1.04 g/plant and 4.0 pcs.). Irradiation of seeds and treatment with a complex of biological preparations stimulate a significant increase in the yield of chamomile inflorescences. The largest above-ground and underground mass, as well as lateral shoots of M. сhamomilla cultivars ‘Goral’, ‘Perlyna Lisostepu’ were formed under irradiation at doses of 10 and 15 Gy in the budding phase. Pre-sowing X-ray irradiation of seeds is an effective method of increasing the productivity of M. сhamomilla plants. Метою дослідження було встановити вплив радіаційного опромінення на продуктивність надземної маси Matricaria сhamomilla L. на прикладі різних сортів за умов використання підживлюючих біопрепаратів. У дослідженні використано сорти M. chamomilla ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ (Україна) і ‘Горал’ (Словенія). Проведено передпосівне рентгенівське опромінення насіння при дозах 5, 10, 15 та 20 Гр з потужністю – 1.42 сГр/с. У варіантах з підживленням використано біопрепарати BTU Biotech Company (Україна), які містять комплекс азотфіксуючих, фосфор-калій мобілізуючих і фунгіцидних бактерій: “Граундфікс”, “Гуміфренд”, “Хелпрост”, “Органік-баланс” та “Ліпосам”. Передпосівне опромінення насіння в дозах 10 і 15 Гр стимулювало збільшення продуктивності суцвіть. Збір повітряно-сухої маси суцвіть був найбільшим у сорту ‘Горал’ за опромінення в дозах 10 і 15 Гр і становив 153 і 152&nbsp;г/ м2. За умов підживлення рослин органо-мінеральними препаратами одержали сухих суцвіть 175 і 170 г/м2 у варіантах 10 і 15 Гр відповідно. Таким чином, опромінення потужністю 10 Гр дозволило збільшити вихід сировини на 70 % від референтного значення. Внесення комплексу біопрепаратів стимулювало збільшення продуктивності рослин: у сорту ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ за підживлення зібрано суцвіть 82 г/м2, що на 82 % більше, ніж у референтного зразка (45 г/м2); у сорту ‘Горал’ вихід сухих суцвіть збільшувався на 8–20 %. У фазу бутонізації найбільше надземної маси формувалося за дози 10 Гр у сортів ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ (26.22 г/рослину) і ‘Горал’ (16.66 г/рослину). Також найбільша підземна маса і кількість бічних пагонів утворювалися за впливу обробки у 10 Гр у сортів ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ (1.82 г/рослину і 6.4 шт., відповідно) та ‘Горал’ (1.04 г/рослину і 4.0&nbsp;шт.). Опромінення насіння та обробка комплексом біопрепаратів стимулюють суттєве підвищення урожайності суцвіть ромашки лікарської. Найбільше надземної та підземної маси, а також бічних пагонів M.&nbsp;сhamomilla сортів ‘Горал’, ‘Перлина Лісостепу’ формувалося за умов опромінення в дозах 10 і 15&nbsp;Гр у фазу бутонізації. Передпосівне рентгенівське опромінення насіння є ефективним методом підвищення продуктивності рослин M. сhamomilla. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2025-06-08 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1657 10.46341/PI2025006 Plant Introduction; No 105/106 (2025); 52-59 Інтродукція Рослин; № 105/106 (2025); 52-59 2663-290X 1605-6574 10.46341/PI105-106 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1657/1565 Copyright (c) 2025 Olena Andrushchenko, Jamal Rakhmetov, Oleksandra Kravets, Oksana Sokol, Nadiya Dzhurenko, Olena Palamarchuk, Svitlana Pchelovska, Lyudmila Glushchenko, Mykola Kuchuk http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Andrushchenko, Olena Rakhmetov, Jamal Kravets, Oleksandra Sokol, Oksana Dzhurenko, Nadiya Palamarchuk, Olena Pchelovska, Svitlana Glushchenko, Lyudmila Kuchuk, Mykola Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L. |
| title | Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L. |
| title_alt | The effect of pre-sowing radiation treatment of seeds on the productivity of Matricaria chamomilla L. plants |
| title_full | Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L. |
| title_fullStr | Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L. |
| title_short | Вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин Matricaria chamomilla L. |
| title_sort | вплив передпосівної радіаційної обробки насіння на продуктивність рослин matricaria chamomilla l. |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1657 |
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