Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні
The Department of Cultural Flora, as a leading scientific center, has achieved significant results in studying the phytodiversity. The research focuses on improving the processes of plant acclimatization and adaptation, creating original phytogenetic resources, and on the conservation, enrichment, a...
Збережено в:
| Дата: | 2026 |
|---|---|
| Автор: | |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
| Опубліковано: |
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
2026
|
| Онлайн доступ: | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1699 |
| Теги: |
Додати тег
Немає тегів, Будьте першим, хто поставить тег для цього запису!
|
| Назва журналу: | Plant Introduction |
| Завантажити файл: |  |
Репозитарії
Plant Introduction| _version_ | 1865667114592894976 |
|---|---|
| author | Rakhmetov, Dzhamal |
| author_facet | Rakhmetov, Dzhamal |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "Dzhamal Rakhmetov",
"institution": "M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, Sadovo-Botanichna str. 1, 01103 Kyiv, Ukraine"
}
] |
| author_sort | Rakhmetov, Dzhamal |
| baseUrl_str | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-05-19T01:26:52Z |
| description | The Department of Cultural Flora, as a leading scientific center, has achieved significant results in studying the phytodiversity. The research focuses on improving the processes of plant acclimatization and adaptation, creating original phytogenetic resources, and on the conservation, enrichment, and rational use of new, non-traditional, underutilized, introduced, and autochthonous useful plants. From its establishment to the present, the department has passed through three historical periods of development: the first (1945–1968) is associated with Academician Mykola Gryshko and Professor Danylo Lykhvar; the second (1969–2001) with Professor Yuriy Uteush; and the third (2002–present) is defined by the development of modern research directions. During the latest period, 17 major scientific projects were implemented to develop mechanisms for regulating growth, metabolic, and production processes in plants. These studies have unlocked the potential of new crops in Ukraine by leveraging original genetic resources and technological protocols to address critical issues in green energy, food security, organic production, and phytoremediation. Scientific and methodological foundations for the mobilization of new plant resources have been developed, resulting in the creation of gene pool collections of living plants (3,000 accessions) and a seed bank (approx. 10,000 accessions). The Collection Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants (over 1,800 taxa) is officially recognized as a National Heritage of Ukraine. On this basis, unique genotypes (about 40 new crops) and highly adaptive plant cultivars with specified production parameters (150 original cultivars, nearly 100 of which were developed in the modern period) have been created. Mechanisms have been studied and modern methods developed to increase the resistance of newly introduced regional plant species to abiotic and biotic stressors. A new genotypic base of plants with C4-type photosynthesis has been established, characterized by significantly higher potential for resilience and accumulation of valuable metabolites. The scientific and practical foundations for the introduction and utilization of new phytogenetic resources as highly efficient sources of protein, lipids, sugars, vitamins, biofuels, food products, feed, and green fertilizers, as well as for the restoration of marginal, eroded, and contaminated lands, have been theoretically substantiated and practically implemented. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.46341/PI2025021 |
| first_indexed | 2026-05-19T01:00:15Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
© The Authors. This content is provided under CC BY 4.0 license.
Plant Introduction, 110, 10–20 (2026) ISSN 1605-6574, e-ISSN 2663-290X
CHRONICLE
Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of
phytogenetic diversity of new crops in Ukraine
Dzhamal Rakhmetov
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, Sadovo-Botanichna str. 1, 01103 Kyiv, Ukraine;
rjb2000.16@gmail.com
Received: 23.12.2025 | Accepted: 25.02.2026 | Published: 18.05.2026
Abstract
The Department of Cultural Flora, as a leading scientific center, has achieved significant results in
studying the phytodiversity. The research focuses on improving the processes of plant acclimatization
and adaptation, creating original phytogenetic resources, and on the conservation, enrichment, and
rational use of new, non-traditional, underutilized, introduced, and autochthonous useful plants.
From its establishment to the present, the department has passed through three historical periods
of development: the first (1945–1968) is associated with Academician Mykola Gryshko and Professor
Danylo Lykhvar; the second (1969–2001) with Professor Yuriy Uteush; and the third (2002–present) is
defined by the development of modern research directions. During the latest period, 17 major scientific
projects were implemented to develop mechanisms for regulating growth, metabolic, and production
processes in plants. These studies have unlocked the potential of new crops in Ukraine by leveraging
original genetic resources and technological protocols to address critical issues in green energy, food
security, organic production, and phytoremediation. Scientific and methodological foundations for
the mobilization of new plant resources have been developed, resulting in the creation of gene pool
collections of living plants (3,000 accessions) and a seed bank (approx. 10,000 accessions). The Collection
Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants (over 1,800 taxa) is officially recognized as a National Heritage
of Ukraine. On this basis, unique genotypes (about 40 new crops) and highly adaptive plant cultivars
with specified production parameters (150 original cultivars, nearly 100 of which were developed in the
modern period) have been created. Mechanisms have been studied and modern methods developed
to increase the resistance of newly introduced regional plant species to abiotic and biotic stressors.
A new genotypic base of plants with C4-type photosynthesis has been established, characterized by
significantly higher potential for resilience and accumulation of valuable metabolites. The scientific
and practical foundations for the introduction and utilization of new phytogenetic resources as highly
efficient sources of protein, lipids, sugars, vitamins, biofuels, food products, feed, and green fertilizers,
as well as for the restoration of marginal, eroded, and contaminated lands, have been theoretically
substantiated and practically implemented.
Keywords: phytogenetic diversity, plant introduction, acclimatization and adaptation, breeding, gene pool conservation, new crops,
bioenergy resources
https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2025021
UDC 631.524.8 : 581.522.4 : 633/635 (477)
Funding: None.
Competing Interests: The author declares no conflict of interest
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7260-3263
Plant Introduction • 110 11
Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of new crops in Ukraine
Alongside defending its territorial integrity
and post-war reconstruction of infrastructure
and the economy, Ukraine faces the critical
challenge of ensuring its own food, biological,
environmental, and energy security.
The relevance of the work performed by
the Department of Cultural Flora at the
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of
the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
(NBG) is underscored by its alignment with
the Law of Ukraine “On Priority Areas for the
Development of Science and Technology”. This
work aims to solve strategically important
global and regional problems by developing
fundamental principles for the mobilization
and rational use of new phytogenetic
resources from the world’s flora – specifically,
economically significant crops essential to the
country’s recovery and development.
As a leading scientific structural unit
of the NBG, the Department of Cultural
Flora currently conducts fundamental
and applied research in general biology,
botany, plant introduction, physiology,
biochemistry, genetics, breeding, and plant
biotechnology. These efforts are directed
toward studying the phytodiversity of
Ukraine and the world, enhancing plant
acclimatization and adaptation processes,
creating original phytogenetic resources,
and ensuring the conservation, enrichment,
and rational utilization of new, non-
traditional, underutilized, introduced,
and autochthonous useful plants. The
fundamental and applied results achieved by
the department have significantly influenced
the advancement of science, education, and
technology, the popularization of research
findings, environmental preservation, and
improvements in food security and quality
of life.
The historical prototype of the Department
of Cultural Flora was the Department of
Plant Biology. Founded in September 1945
at the initiative and with the support of
Academician Mykola Mykolayovych Gryshko,
the department was initially headed by the
renowned Ukrainian scientist and breeder,
Professor Danylo Fedorovych Lykhvar
(Rakhmetov, 2011).
The “Useful Plants” exhibition and
collection plot, located in the Zvirynets area
of the NBG, was established before World
War II. The foundation of the collection
consisted of plants transferred from the
Kyiv Acclimatization Garden of Academician
Mykola Feofanovych Kashchenko. Some of
these specimens survived until 1945 and
subsequently replenished the department’s
collection fund (Rakhmetov, 2005).
From 1958 to 1961, Academician Mykola
Mykolayovych Gryshko served as the head
of the Department of Cultural Flora, and
later, until 1964, as its senior researcher.
From 1961 to 1965, the department (then
known as the Department of Introduction
and Acclimatization of Cultivated Plants) was
headed by candidate of agricultural sciences
Feofаn Gryhorovych Perederiy, who focused
on fodder plants and lawn grasses. During
this time, the Department included research
groups dedicated to fruit-bearing, agricultural,
and subtropical plants.
Following a reorganization in 1965, Ivan
Myronovych Shaitan became the head of the
Department of Introduction of Cultivated
Plants. During this period, research continued
on new and underutilized food, medicinal,
fodder, fruit, and lawn plants.
Subsequently, based on the ideas
of Academician Andrii Mykhaylovych
Grodzinsky, the Department of New Crops and
Implementation was established. Following a
competitive selection, candidate of agricultural
sciences Yuriy Adoflovych Uteush was
appointed as head on October 30, 1968. At that
time, the team’s primary efforts were focused
on studying market demand and implementing
the NBG’s scientific developments (Rakhmetov,
2005).
The early 1970s marked the beginning of a
major reconstruction and the establishment of
new collection and exhibition plots for useful
plants. In 1971–1972, the collection of aromatic
and spice plants was restored, and in 1974, a
fodder plant collection was established at a
new site.
From 1969 to 1980, a specialized medicinal
plant group operated within the Department,
focusing on the introduction and use of
valuable phytosamples. In 1980, this group
became an independent laboratory, and
in 1988, it evolved into the Department of
Medical Botany. Later, in September 2003, by
order of the NBG’s director, this department
was reorganized and reintegrated into the
Department of New Crops as the Laboratory
of Medical Botany.
12 Plant Introduction • 110
Rakhmetov
In the early 1980s, the Department of New
Crops was reorganized into a laboratory of
the same name under the Department of
Fruit Plant Acclimatization. Later, in 1984, it
was renamed the Department of Fodder and
Vegetable Plants, and since 1988, it has been
officially known as the Department of New
Crops. From 1969 to 1986, Professor Yuriy
Adoflovych Uteush served as the head, and
from 1986 to 2000, he acted as the interim
head of the Department of New Crops.
By the beginning of 2000, the department’s
total collection fund of useful plants included
approximately 300 taxa (Rakhmetov et al.,
2003). Professor Yuriy Adoflovych Uteush
and his team conducted extensive scientific
research on the introduction and breeding
of fodder, aromatic, and vegetable plants.
During that period, 45 cultivars within these
crop groups were developed. Significant
scientific progress in the introduction and
breeding of crops was achieved through
the long-term dedication of scientists,
including Professor and Doctor of Sciences
Yuriy Adoflovych Uteush, and candidates
of sciences: V.P. Hryn, G.M. Rybak,
O.O. Abramov, K.M. Kryvytskyi, I.K. Kudrenko,
O.A. Korablyova, N.O. Stadnichuk, V.K. Glabets,
D.B. Rakhmetov, A.A. Razina, H.H. Ismagilova,
and N.M. Smilyanets (Rakhmetov, 2011).
The modern period of the department’s
development began in 2002 and continues
to the present day. During this time, new
collection and exposition plots have been
established, while existing ones have been
reconstructed and expanded; today, their total
number has reached ten.
Annually, approximately 3,000 accessions
of new, non-traditional, underutilized,
forgotten, and socially, economically, and
ethnobotanically significant plants are
presented across the collection funds,
exhibition plots, nurseries, and the
mobilization-quarantine area. A significant
portion of these – specifically the Collection
Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants – is
officially recognized as a scientific object
constituting the National Heritage of Ukraine
(Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
dated January 28, 2015, No. 59-r) (Rakhmetov,
2015; Rakhmetov et al., 2020a; NBG, 2015).
The Collection Fund of Energy and
Aromatic Plants (1,826 accessions) consists
of eight collection and exhibition plots. This
fund has been meticulously developed by
NBG’s scientists over an extensive period – the
aromatic plant collection for approximately 80
years and the energy plant collection for over
30 years. It stands as the largest foundational
collection of these plant groups in Ukraine
(Rakhmetov, 2019; Rakhmetov et al., 2024a).
The collection fund represents flora from
various botanical and geographical regions
of the world. It includes annual, biennial,
and perennial, as well as monocarpic and
polycarpic plants. In terms of life forms, the
majority of the accessions are herbaceous
plants, while the woody group includes trees,
shrubs, and subshrubs. The collection features
diverse groups of plants categorized by their
requirements for light, moisture, temperature,
soil acidity, salinity, trophism, and other
environmental factors. Generally, these plants
have undergone long-term introduction trials,
are well-adapted to conditions in Ukraine,
demonstrate high production potential,
and are capable of reproduction, with some
species showing a capacity for naturalization.
In terms of quantitative and qualitative
composition, the NBG collection of energy
and aromatic plants is unparalleled in Ukraine
and ranks among the best in Eastern Europe.
It serves as a vital source for the conservation
and ex situ reproduction of the rare phytogene
pool of relevant plant groups from the flora of
Ukraine and other countries. The collection
fund gathers plants of immense scientific,
economic, social, educational, and cognitive-
ethnobotanical significance. This collection is
particularly valuable for the preservation of
plant diversity ex situ, providing an essential
genetic fund for breeding and the creation
of new forms and varieties with enhanced
economically valuable traits, as well as for the
production of new raw phytomaterials based
on the most productive bioenergy, spice,
essential oil, and medicinal crops.
For many decades, the collection fund has
served as the foundation for creating targeted
collections in various botanical gardens,
specialized research institutions, and higher or
secondary vocational educational institutions.
The most promising representatives of the
collection are continually involved in research
addressing fundamental and applied problems
in plant introduction, acclimatization,
breeding, and biotechnology, led by research
centers in Ukraine (including institutions of
Plant Introduction • 110 13
Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of new crops in Ukraine
the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of
Ukraine, and the Ministry of Education and
Science of Ukraine) and other countries. The
collection serves as a benchmark in the field of
state cultivars testing.
In recent years, research results have been
synthesized on the development of biological-
ecological, physiological-biochemical, and
breeding-genetic foundations for the
introduction and acclimatization of new
promising energy, aromatic-medicinal, spice,
and essential oil plants. These represent the
most valuable components of the collection
fund, which constitutes an Object of National
Heritage (Rakhmetov et al., 2024b).
Currently, the Department’s primary
research is conducted within the priority
area of science and technology development:
“Fundamental scientific research on the
most important problems of developing
scientific and technical potential to ensure
Ukraine’s competitiveness in the world and
the sustainable development of society and
the state”. The priority thematic area of the
Department’s scientific research and technical
developments is “Fundamental principles of
plant functioning and adaptation under the
influence of various external factors”.
Over the recent period, through the
execution of departmental (2), competitive
(12), and contractual (3) research topics,
as well as tasks within the framework of
National Heritage support, the Department
has achieved significant scientific and
practical results of high social, economic, and
environmental importance.
Based on these studies, the fundamental
principles for introducing new useful plants
have been developed, and original phytogenetic
resources for economically important crops
have been created to improve Ukraine’s
biological and food security in the context of
climate change. A significant contribution has
been made to the development of theoretical
interdisciplinary scientific fields. Fundamental
results have been obtained regarding the
mobilization and effective utilization of
resources from introduced and autochthonous
plants with a complex of beneficial traits.
Biological-ecological, breeding-genetic,
biotechnological, physiological-biochemical,
and phytocenotic foundations have been
developed to enhance the efficiency of
plant introduction, acclimatization, and
adaptation. These efforts focus on preserving
and enriching phytogenetic diversity,
increasing plant resistance and immunity, and
improving the productivity and qualitative and
quantitative characteristics of new cultures
and genotypes. These achievements aim
to strengthen Ukraine’s food, energy, and
environmental security during the state of war
and in post-war reconstruction (Rakhmetov
et al., 2020b, 2024c).
The phenotypic and genotypic variability
of specific traits in plants under the influence
of climatic and orographic factors has been
established. Furthermore, changes in the
rhythm of seasonal development under new
growing conditions have been identified, and
the reaction norms to abiotic factors have
been determined.
Fundamental principles for enriching
phytodiversity have been developed to
unlock the potential of approximately 60
valuable crops new to Ukraine. Based on these
principles, more than 140 cultivars have been
created (including about 30 during the most
recent period), all of which are included in the
State Register of Plant Cultivars of Ukraine
(MEU, 2025).
Mechanisms for regulating plant
production processes have been developed
using new genetic resources and original
technological discoveries. A correlation has
been established between the quantitative and
qualitative parameters of specific substances
and the degree of adaptive responses of
plant organisms to stress factors. The
positive role of new crops has been proven in
phytoremediation of radionuclide- and heavy-
metal-contaminated soils, in the restoration of
marginal lands, in organic production, and as
niche crops that serve as the foundation for a
new direction in bioeconomics.
New genetic models of economically
valuable crops have been created to enhance
plant immunity and resistance to biotic
and abiotic stresses. The physiological and
biochemical characteristics of highly adaptive
plant genotypes have been established.
Furthermore, the most promising sources
of proteins, lipids, sugars, and biologically
active compounds for Ukraine have been
identified through the evaluation and
selection of the most valuable genotypes
with superior quantitative and qualitative
14 Plant Introduction • 110
Rakhmetov
raw material indicators. These results are
intended for practical introduction and use in
the agricultural, energy, and pharmaceutical
industries, as well as in ornamental gardening.
The mechanisms underlying energy
accumulation in plants (including those
with the C4 photosynthetic pathway) have
been revealed, and evaluation criteria have
been established, depending on taxonomic
affiliation, genotypic differences, and
seasonal development. This has enabled the
development of fundamental and applied
frameworks for creating new bioresources for
the bioenergy sector (Blum et al., 2010, 2014;
Rakhmetov et al., 2015, 2020b).
For the first time, the high efficiency of new
crops of various life forms in CO2 sequestration
has been demonstrated, correlating with
species-specific and genotypic characteristics.
The most adaptive producers for organic
carbon sequestration have been selected.
Technologies have been developed for
utilizing original cultivars of annual and
perennial drought-, cold-, and frost-resistant
plants for decarbonization. These cultivars
are characterized by high levels of valuable
organic matter accumulation and soil nutrient
enrichment, facilitating the structural and
functional optimization of crop rotations.
Based on theoretical generalizations
and experimental research, promising
phytoresources for Ukraine from three
botanical genera (Cicer L., Lepidium L., and
Mentha L.) have been mobilized. As a result
of introduction and breeding work, a valuable
gene pool (ca. 40 accessions) has been created,
with 22 genotypes serving as subjects for
comprehensive studies.
The impact of stressful introduction
conditions on the morphological, biological,
biochemical, and photosynthetic characteristics
of plants was studied, along with production
processes and the dynamics of secondary
metabolite accumulation, including proteins
with prion-like properties. Based on these
findings, the most adaptive genotypes within
each species were identified and integrated
into the breeding process, resulting in the
development of high-yielding cultivars.
Plants were identified in which an active
transition of proteins from the alpha-state
to beta-structures is observed in various
tissues, depending on the influence of stress
factors related to climatic and introduction
conditions (representatives of the genera
Parrotia C.A.Mey., Mentha, and Cicer).
High-yielding cultivars have been created,
including garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.)
cultivar ‘Talyshskyi’, and horse mint (Mentha
longifolia L.) cultivar ‘Lerikska’, which have
been included in the State Register of Plant
Cultivars (Rakhmetov et al., 2021a, 2023;
Rashydov et al., 2022; MEU, 2025).
An introduction and breeding evaluation
of new economically important oilseed crops
has been conducted to enhance food and
biological security. A gene pool collection
of oilseed plants (camelina, mustard, and
rapeseed – approximately 85 accessions) was
established, serving as the scientific basis for
the evaluation and selection of high-yielding
breeding lines using biological-morphological,
biochemical, and breeding-genetic markers.
For the first time in Ukraine, the scientific and
methodological foundations were developed
for the introduction of a new oilseed plant,
Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun),
into cultivation.
Methods for increasing the resistance
of oilseed plants and improving their
physiological processes have been developed.
The qualitative and quantitative composition
of lipids and other nutrients (56 samples) was
assessed, and the content of 22 macro- and
microelements in the raw phytomaterial was
determined. The economic and technological
properties of the plants, along with the
quantitative and qualitative characteristics
of the oil and by-products, were established,
leading to the development of practical
recommendations for the use of the raw
phytomaterial.
Comparative analysis across different
research periods revealed that all
forms of Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz are
characterized by high contents of linolenic
(31.4–35.6 %), linoleic (19.8 –24.6 %), oleic
(11.9–18.5 %), gondoic (11-eicosenoic) (9.5–
12.9 %), and palmitic (9.5–11.4 %) fatty acids.
It was found that Brassica carinata oil is
characterized by a high content of erucic
acid (36.0–45.0 %), linoleic acid (15.0–
18.8 %), linolenic acid (11.0–13.0 %), and
oleic acid (7.0–9.6 %). It was determined
that the phytomass (3,444–3,994 kcal/kg)
and seeds (5,830–6,331 kcal/kg) of these
new oilseed plants possess high energy
value.
Plant Introduction • 110 15
Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of new crops in Ukraine
High-yielding cultivars of Camelina sativa
(‘Ranok’ and ‘Runo’ – spring forms, and
‘Lider’ – winter form) and a cultivar ‘Novynka’
of Brassica carinata were created using
genetic markers. Original technologies for
the utilization and processing of seeds and
by-products have been developed for the
production of edible and industrial oils, bakery
products, and functional foods. Utility model
patents UA157654 and UA157655 were obtained,
and a Technological Instruction was developed
alongside the “Methodology for determining
the compliance of B. carinata cultivars with
the criteria of distinctness, uniformity, and
stability” (Rakhmetov et al., 2025).
Fundamental principles of plant
introduction, acclimatization, breeding,
and biotechnology have been established
regarding the mobilization and creation
of new phytogenetic resources. Modern
technologies have been developed to
conserve, enrich, and efficiently utilize the
global potential of food and energy plants
amid environmental changes (Zaimenko &
Rakhmetov, 2022).
Biological-ecological, morpho-anatomical,
physiological-biochemical, breeding-genetic,
and phytocenotic criteria have been identified
to enhance the adaptive capacity, resilience,
productivity, and qualitative and quantitative
characteristics of valuable introduced species.
These criteria are essential for forecasting and
preventing the negative impacts of climate
change. Correlation-regression dependencies
between morphological-biometric and
biochemical indicators of plants have been
established. The dynamics and accumulation
levels of critical organic compounds in
plants were determined, demonstrating
the relationship between the quantitative-
qualitative parameters of specific substances
and the degree of adaptive response and
resilience of plant organisms to stress
factors under changing climatic conditions
(Rakhmetov, 2017; Rakhmetov & Zaimenko,
2022).
Significant scientific and practical
results have been achieved within the
Department, providing the fundamental and
applied frameworks for utilizing original
phytoresources in the bioenergy sector.
A comprehensive collection of bioenergy
crops has been established, comprising
approximately 714 taxa and 35 original cultivars
bred by the NBG, supported by five utility
model patents (AgrobioNet, 2018; Rakhmetov
et al., 2020a, 2024a, 2024b, 2024c; Kalenska
et al., 2021, 2022).
Research within the Biofuel Resources
and Bioenergy framework led to the creation
of a genotype collection of sweet sorghum
(Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench). This
collection, based on original and mobilized
global cultivars’ potential (approximately
100 accessions), aims to identify high-
yielding plant forms as sources of biofuel.
The biological and technological properties
of the biomass have been established as
second-generation energy raw materials for
the continuous production of alternative
liquid fuels. Using modern introduction,
breeding, and biotechnological methods,
highly adaptive sweet sorghum genotypes
with superior qualitative and quantitative raw
phytomaterial characteristics (14 accessions)
were selected. Highly adaptive cultivars with
increased sugar content have been developed,
namely ‘Garant’, ‘Botanichnyi’, and ‘Sorgodar’.
An energy assessment of the plant’s potential
and resulting biofuel was conducted, along
with a quantitative and qualitative evaluation
of productivity indicators for the selected
genotypes based on yields of primary and
secondary products (Rakhmetov et al., 2024f).
Furthermore, research on new bioenergy
resources and the improvement of primary
raw materials for biofuel production led to the
mobilization and breeding of new genotypes
of fast-growing trees (poplar, willow,
paulownia – 36 accessions) and perennial
herbaceous plants (Silphium L. species – 35
accessions), promising for the biofuel industry.
A comprehensive evaluation of the bio-
ecological, adaptive, yield, biochemical, and
productive potential of new stress-resistant
plant genotypes was performed to develop
first- and second-generation alternative
biofuel sources. The technological properties,
qualitative parameters of the plants, and
the potential yield of biofuel, biogas, and
bioethanol from the raw phytomaterial were
assessed. The heat capacity of the biofuel
and the energy and economic value of the
promising genotypes were determined.
Additionally, potential enhancements to the
quality of phytomass pellets were evaluated.
The impact of moisture deficit and salinity
on the biological, morphological, molecular,
16 Plant Introduction • 110
Rakhmetov
genetic, and physiological parameters
of several poplar and willow clones was
established (Rakhmetov et al., 2024d).
Based on our scientific justification, a
new hybridogenic species, Rumex kioviensis
Rakhmetov, A.S.Mosyakin & Mosyakin
(R. patientia L. × R. tianschanicus Losinsk.) was
described (Rakhmetov et al., 2024e). A new
crop – hybrid ‘Shavnat’ was developed, leading
to the creation of five cultivars now included in
the State Register of Plant Cultivars of Ukraine
(MEU, 2025).
As a result of the Department’s scientific
activities, a comprehensive methodological
framework, including DUS (Distinctness,
Uniformity, and Stability) methodologies for
46 crops, has been developed to introduce
plant species new to Ukraine into both
industrial and amateur cultivation (MEU,
2025). For approximately 40 plant species, the
Department acts as the leading introduction
and breeding center for new crops, holding a
prominent or primary position in Ukraine.
The Department has developed over 20
modern phytotechnologies to improve the
quality of life in Ukraine. Significant work has
been carried out to prepare and publish 17 of
the Department’s scientific and innovative
developments, which were included in the
series of the reference publications “Promising
Scientific and Technical Developments of
the NAS of Ukraine”. This series comprises
three volumes: “Agro-industrial Complex and
Ornamental Gardening”, “Fuel and Lubricant
Materials and Technologies”, and “Food
Industry” (Malchevskyi & Bespalova, 2017a,
2017b, 2017c).
The department’s innovations – including
cultivars and cultivation technologies for
multi-purpose phytomass – are being
implemented both within Ukraine and abroad.
These include innovative technologies for
the cultivation, processing, and utilization of
high-value useful plants as efficient sources of
biofuels, new food products, medicinal agents,
and phytofertilizers. The highly adaptive
cultivars developed by the department are well
known internationally. They are successfully
used as alternatives to traditional crops in
agricultural production, the energy sector,
organic farming, and as high-value niche
crops.
The implementation of the department’s
horticulture and agricultural production
initiatives ensures employment, enhances
landscape quality, and expands the range
of available phytomaterials. The social and
practical significance of this work lies in
increasing the biotic diversity of cultural
phytocoenoses by enriching the assortment of
high-yielding crops, developing bio-ecological
methods for soil fertility enhancement and
health restoration, reducing protein deficits,
utilizing promising biofuel sources, and
improving public access to high-vitamin
food products and medicinal raw materials
with elevated concentrations of bioactive
compounds.
The Department’s collection fund has
served as the foundational base for the
preparation and successful defense of one
doctoral dissertation (Ludmyla Anatoliivna
Kotyuk) and a series of Candidate of Sciences
and PhD dissertations (including works by
V.I. Solonenko, S.D. Kryklyva, O.M. Vergun,
O.L. Andrushchenko, V.H. Mykolaichuk,
L.V. Todorova, O.V. Shkura, O.M. Kozlenko,
S.M. Kovtun-Vodyanytska, N.Y. Levchyk,
V.O. Derkach, A.S. Polyakova, O.P. Bondarchuk,
V.P. Voloshchuk, O.V. Sokol, O.V. Shymanska,
and I.V. Tsaruk). Currently, doctoral candidates
I.V. Ivashchenko and A.M. Gnatyuk, along
with postgraduate students N.V. Nikishova,
S.T. Osmanov, O.M. Gavrylyuk, D. Ilienko,
and researcher O.M. Melnychuk, are actively
working on their dissertations under the
scientific consultation and supervision of
D.B. Rakhmetov.
Recently, the department’s scientific staff
has been strengthened by a senior researcher
and Dr. Agric. Sci. N.V. Leshchuk, senior
researcher and Cand. Biol. Sci. A.S. Mosyakin,
and a senior researcher and Cand. Biol. Sci.
N.S. Shuvalova. The engineering staff provides
crucial scientific and practical support for
collection maintenance and laboratory
research under the guidance of research
directors: M.O. Gaznyuk, N.V. Nikishova,
N.P. Ovsyannikova, O.V. Chepurna,
D.K. Zdrylyuk, and O.M. Gavrylyuk.
In recent years, fundamental and
applied research utilizing the Department’s
phytogenetic resources has resulted in the
publication of approximately 20 monographs,
three textbooks, and over 60 articles indexed
in Scopus and Web of Science, as well as
more than 40 articles in specialized Ukrainian
scientific journals. Furthermore, approximately
Plant Introduction • 110 17
Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of new crops in Ukraine
20 plant cultivar patents and ten utility model
and invention patents have been obtained.
Three methodologies for the DUS examination
of new crop cultivars were published, and two
Technical Specifications were prepared and
approved.
The department holds a leading position in
popular science and environmental education.
It has organized and hosted ten international
scientific conferences and seminars, as well as
over 30 events aimed at popularizing scientific
developments. The proceedings of these
scientific events have been published. They are
available through official platforms, including
the Ministry of Education and Science, the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and
regional educational portals (MESU, 2024; Dity
v Misti, 2024; NASU, 2024).
The department’s scientific results have
been comprehensively integrated into the
higher education process. A specialized
educational and methodological complex has
been developed for postgraduate students
within the NBG educational programs: “Plant
Introduction, Acclimatization, and Breeding”
and “Scientific Foundations of Biodiversity
Conservation, Enrichment, and Utilization”
(NBG, 2023).
Furthermore, an educational and
methodological complex for master’s students
has been developed for the disciplines “Energy
Plant Resources” and “Phytoenergetics” at the
National University of Life and Environmental
Sciences of Ukraine (NULES, 2022a, 2022b).
Through our active participation, three
textbooks have been published (AgrobioNet,
2018; Rakhmetov & Kovtun-Vodianytska, 2021;
Kalenska et al., 2021, 2022).
Approximately 100 students from
biological, medical, biotechnological, and
agricultural backgrounds complete their
practical internships at the Department each
year. These internships cover key areas such
as biology, crop production, medical botany,
bioenergetics, and plant introduction and
acclimatization.
In conclusion, the Department’s activities
have yielded significant scientific and
practical results. The fundamental and
applied frameworks for the introduction,
acclimatization, adaptation, and breeding of
useful plants have been established to ensure
the conservation and enrichment of genetic
resources for economically valuable species.
Scientific and methodological foundations
for the mobilization of new plant resources
and the creation of funds for collection,
breeding, and exhibition have been developed.
Furthermore, the department’s collection
funds have been fully digitized for accounting
and management.
The cultigenic range of valuable introduced
species in Ukraine has been modeled,
providing a comprehensive assessment of the
success and prospects of plant introduction,
acclimatization, and breeding. Environmental
and geographical trials of new crops and newly
created cultivars have been conducted across
various regions.
The mechanisms have been studied, and
modern methods have been developed to
increase the adaptive capacity and resilience
of plant species new to the region, depending
on abiotic and biotic stress factors. The
specific characteristics of seasonal growth
and development rhythms have been
identified. Macro- and microscopic studies
of various plant forms and hybrids were
performed to identify diagnostic features and
structural changes under the influence of
biotic and abiotic factors. Scientific principles
have been established for the creation of
highly adaptive forms, plant cultivars, and
hybridogenic crops with specified production
parameters.
Regularities in the progression of
production processes and the accumulation
of secondary metabolites in plants have
been established. Methods to increase
photosynthetic efficiency have been
developed by selecting new, high-
performance producers. Significant results
have been obtained regarding the potential
use of new crops in phytoremediation to
enhance soil fertility and restoration.
Modern phytotechnologies have been
developed to reproduce and rationally utilize
new phytogenetic resources of economically
valuable crops, specifically tailored for
operation under martial law and for the
post-war recovery of Ukraine. Promising
plant sources of bioactive compounds,
nutrients, various types of biofuels, medicinal
phytoagents, and balanced food products
have been successfully introduced into
production.
As a leading scientific center, the
Department of Cultural Flora plans to continue
18 Plant Introduction • 110
Rakhmetov
its fundamental and applied research aimed
at studying plant diversity and at preserving,
restoring, and utilizing the potential of
the original phytogene pool of both newly
introduced and autochthonous useful plants.
These efforts are dedicated to strengthening
Ukraine’s food and energy security and
advancing the bioeconomy.
In the long term, the scientific team’s
primary focus will be on deepening research
into ecological-biological, physiological-
biochemical, genetic-breeding, and
biotechnological mechanisms to optimize the
processes of plant introduction, adaptation,
and the development of resistance and
immunity to abiotic and biotic stressors.
A key priority will be the implementation of
modern IT technologies for the inventory
and management of phytoresources. Special
attention will be devoted to the environmental
aspects of studying new crops, particularly
leveraging their potential in carbon farming
and phytoremediation.
References
AgrobioNet. (2018). International Network for
Agrobiodiversity and Food Safety. https://
agrobionet.uniag.sk/sites/all/modules/mod_-
drupal7_flipbkTB03
Blum, Y.B., Geletukha, G.G., Grygoriuk, I.P.,
Dmytruk, V.O., Dubrovin, A.I., Yemets, G.M.,
Zabaryi, G.M., Kaletkin, G.M., Melnychuk, M.D.,
Myronenko, V.G., Rakhmetov, D.B.,
Sybirniy, A.A., & Tsyhankov, S.P. (2010). Biological
resources and technologies of biofuel production.
Agrar Media Group, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Blum, Y.B., Grygoriuk, I.P., Dmytruk, V.O.,
Dubrovin, A.I., Yemets, A.I., Kaletkin, G.M.,
Myronenko, V.G., Rakhmetov, D.B.,
Sybirniy, A.A., & Tsyhankov, S.P. (2014). System
of bioresources use in the latest biotechnologies for
obtaining alternative fuels. Agrar Media Group,
Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Dity v Misti. (2024). Permaculture festival at the
botanical garden. (In Ukrainian). https://kyiv.
dityvmisti.ua/natsionalnij-botanichnij-sad-imeni-
m-m-grishka/festyval-permakultury-v-botsadu/
Kalenska, S.M., Rakhmetov, D.B., Yeremenko, O.A.,
Makareviciene, V., Novitska, N.V., Yunyk, A.V.,
Grabar, L.A., Antal, T.V., Gonchar, L.M.,
Mazurenko, B.O., & Hordyna, N. (2021).
Biological raw materials for the production of fuel
and lubricants. Comprint, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Kalenska, S.M., Rakhmetov, D.B., Novitska, N.V.,
Mokriyenko, V.A., Grabar, L.A., Yunyk, A.V.,
Antal, T.V., Gonchar, L.M., Karpenko, L.D., &
Pylypenko, V.S. (2022). Energy and raw material
plants. NUBiP, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian). https://dglib.
nubip.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9473
Malchevskyi, I.A., & Bespalova, S.A. (2017a).
Promising scientific and technical developments of the
NAS of Ukraine. Agro-industrial complex and decorative
gardening. Akademperiodyka, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/
uploads/01-Agroprom_kompeks_optim.pdf
Malchevskyi, I.A., & Bespalova, S.A. (2017b).
Promising scientific and technical developments of the
NAS of Ukraine. Fuel and lubricants and technologies.
Akademperiodyka, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/
uploads/08-Palyvno-mastylni_mat_optim.pdf
Malchevskyi, I.A., & Bespalova, S.A. (2017c). Promising
scientific and technical developments of the NAS of
Ukraine. Food industry. Akademperiodyka, Kyiv. (In
Ukrainian). https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-
content/uploads/10-harchova_prom_optim.pdf
MEU. (2025). State register of cultivars suitable for
distribution in Ukraine. Ministry of Economy of
Ukraine. (In Ukrainian). https://me.gov.ua/
view/07352fdf-a1b5-4aa0-a36f-e3341ea3823a
MESU. (2024). Profile internships for pedagogical workers:
all-Ukrainian botanical qualification meeting. Ministry
of Education and Science of Ukraine. (In Ukrainian)
NASU. (2024). Charity exhibition “Autumn Vernissage” at the
Botanical Garden: how it happened. National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine. (In Ukrainian). https://www.
nas.gov.ua/news/blagodiyna-vistavka-osinniy-
vernisazh-u-botanichnomu-sadu-yak-ce-bulo
NBG. (2015). Collection fund of energy and aromatic
plants. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
of the NAS of Ukraine. https://registry.nauka.
gov.ua/registry/natcnadbania/search/?q=
NBG. (2023). Educational and Scientific Program 2023+ [ONP-
2023+]. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of
the NAS of Ukraine. (In Ukrainian). http://www.nbg.
kiev.ua/upload/aspirantura/onp-2023+.pdf
NULES. (2022a). Phytoenergetics (e-learning course).
National University of Life and Environmental
Sciences of Ukraine. (In Ukrainian). https://
elearn.nubip.edu.ua/course/view.php?id=4041
NULES. (2022b). Phytoenergetics (syllabus). National
University of Life and Environmental Sciences of
Ukraine. (In Ukrainian). https://nubip.edu.ua/sites/
default/files/u190/silabus_fitoenergetika_0.pdf
Rakhmetov, D.B. (2005). Department of new
cultures: last, present and future. Plant
Introduction, 27, 73–87. (In Ukrainian). https://doi.
org/10.5281/zenodo.2584298
https://agrobionet.uniag.sk/sites/all/modules/mod_-drupal7_flipbkTB03
https://agrobionet.uniag.sk/sites/all/modules/mod_-drupal7_flipbkTB03
https://agrobionet.uniag.sk/sites/all/modules/mod_-drupal7_flipbkTB03
https://kyiv.dityvmisti.ua/natsionalnij-botanichnij-sad-imeni-m-m-grishka/festyval-permakultury-v-bo
https://kyiv.dityvmisti.ua/natsionalnij-botanichnij-sad-imeni-m-m-grishka/festyval-permakultury-v-bo
https://kyiv.dityvmisti.ua/natsionalnij-botanichnij-sad-imeni-m-m-grishka/festyval-permakultury-v-bo
https://dglib.nubip.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9473
https://dglib.nubip.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9473
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/01-Agroprom_kompeks_optim.pdf
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/01-Agroprom_kompeks_optim.pdf
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/08-Palyvno-mastylni_mat_optim.pdf
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/08-Palyvno-mastylni_mat_optim.pdf
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/10-harchova_prom_optim.pdf
https://akademperiodyka.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/10-harchova_prom_optim.pdf
https://me.gov.ua/view/07352fdf-a1b5-4aa0-a36f-e3341ea3823a
https://me.gov.ua/view/07352fdf-a1b5-4aa0-a36f-e3341ea3823a
https://www.nas.gov.ua/news/blagodiyna-vistavka-osinniy-vernisazh-u-botanichnomu-sadu-yak-ce-bulo
https://www.nas.gov.ua/news/blagodiyna-vistavka-osinniy-vernisazh-u-botanichnomu-sadu-yak-ce-bulo
https://www.nas.gov.ua/news/blagodiyna-vistavka-osinniy-vernisazh-u-botanichnomu-sadu-yak-ce-bulo
https://registry.nauka.gov.ua/registry/natcnadbania/search/?q=
https://registry.nauka.gov.ua/registry/natcnadbania/search/?q=
http://www.nbg.kiev.ua/upload/aspirantura/onp-2023+.pdf
http://www.nbg.kiev.ua/upload/aspirantura/onp-2023+.pdf
https://elearn.nubip.edu.ua/course/view.php?id=4041
https://elearn.nubip.edu.ua/course/view.php?id=4041
https://nubip.edu.ua/sites/default/files/u190/silabus_fitoenergetika_0.pdf
https://nubip.edu.ua/sites/default/files/u190/silabus_fitoenergetika_0.pdf
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2584298
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2584298
Plant Introduction • 110 19
Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of new crops in Ukraine
Rakhmetov, D.B. (2011). Theoretical and applied
aspects of plant introduction in Ukraine. Agrar
Media Group, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B. (Ed.). (2015). Catalog of plants of the
Department of New Crops. Phytosociocentre, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B. (Ed.). (2017). Adaptation of
introduced plants in Ukraine. Phytosociocentre,
Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B. (Ed.). (2019). Scientific objects
of the M.M. Gryshko NBG of the NAS of Ukraine
that constitute national heritage. Palyvoda, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., & Kovtun-Vodianytska, S.M.
(2021). Phenology of herbaceous plants in
introductory research: a guide. Lira-K, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., & Zaimenko, N.V. (Eds.). (2022).
Resistance of introduced and rare plants under climate
change in Ukraine. Lira-K, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
Rakhmetov, D.B., Bondarchuk, O.P.,
Rakhmetova, S.O., Rashydov, N.M., &
Kutsokon, N.K. (2023). Biological, morphological
and biochemical features of seeds of introduced
genotypes of Cicer arietinum L. Plant and Soil
Science, 14(3), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.31548/
plant3.2023.97
Rakhmetov, D.B., Korableva, O.A., Kovtun-
Vodianytska, S.M., Dzhurenko, N.I.,
Rakhmetova, S.O., Palamarchuk, O.P.,
Sokol, O.V., Bondarchuk, O.P., Mosyaikin, A.S.,
& Gazniuk, M.O. (2024a). Collection fund of energy
and aromatic plants of the M. M. Gryshko NBG of the
NAS of Ukraine. Lira-K, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian). https://
doi.org/10.59647/978-617-14-0328-4/1
Rakhmetov, D.B., Korableva, O.A., Kovtun-
Vodianytska, S.M., Kotyuk, L.A.,
Ivashchenko, I.V., Vergun, O.M.,
Dzhurenko, N.I., Palamarchuk, O.P., Sokol, O.V.,
& Rakhmetova, S.O. (2024b). Biological bases
of introduction of promising energy and aromatic
plants in Ukraine. Lira-K, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., Korableva, O.A., Stadnichuk, N.O.
(2003). Catalog of completed scientific developments
of the Department of New Crops. Nora-Druk, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., Kovtun-Vodianytska, S.M.,
Bondarchuk, O.P., Andrushchenko, O.L.,
Korableva, O.A., Vergun, O.M.,
Rakhmetova, S.O., Shymanska, O.V.,
Fishchenko, V.V., Gaznyuk, M.O., &
Nikishova, N.V. (2024c). Fundamental aspects of
adaptation of new crops in Ukraine. Lira-K, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian). https://doi.org/10.59647/978-
617-14-0283-6/1
Rakhmetov, D.B., Kovtun-Vodianytska, S.M.,
Korableva, O.A., Dzhurenko, N.I.,
Chetvernya, S.O., Vergun, O.M.,
Andrushchenko, O.L., Rakhmetova, S.O.,
Palamarchuk, O.P., Koval, I.V., Bondarchuk, O.P.,
Revunova, L.G., Shymanska, O.V.,
Gaznyuk, M.O., & Fishchenko, V.V. (2020a).
Collection fund of energy, aromatic and other useful
plants of the M.M. Gryshko NBG of the NAS of Ukraine.
Palyvoda, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., Kutsokon, N.K., Litvinov, S.V.,
Rakhmetova, S.O., Nesterenko, O.H., &
Rashydov, N.M. (2021a). Accumulation of prion-
like proteins in the leaves of Parrotia persica (DC.)
C.A.Mey depending on the origin of populations
and plant introduction conditions. In Proceedings
of the International Scientific Conference “Global
consequences of plant introduction under climate
change” (pp. 205–207). Lira-K, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., Kutsokon, N.K.,
Vergun, O.M., Rashidov, N.M.,
Stadnichuk, N.O., Rakhmetova, S.O.,
Khoma, Y.A., Khudoleeva, L.V., Litvinov, S.V.,
Bondarchuk, O.P., Mosyakin, A.S., Fishenko, V.V.,
Shimanska, O.V., & Nikishova, N.V. (2024d). Fast-
growing energy plants in Ukraine: species of the genus
Populus, Salix, Paulownia and Silphium. Lira-K, Kyiv.
(In Ukrainian). https://doi.org/10.59647/978-
617-520-951-6/1
Rakhmetov, D.B., Mosyakin, A.S., & Mosyakin, S.L.
(2024e). The name for a well-known crop: Rumex
kioviensis, a hybridogenous taxon derived from
R. patientia × R. tianschanicus (Polygonaceae).
Phytotaxa, 663(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.11646/
phytotaxa.663.1.1
Rakhmetov, D.B., Shcherbakova, T.O., &
Rakhmetov, S.D. (2015). Miscanthus in
Ukraine: introduction, biology, bioenergetics.
Phytosociocentre, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., Shulga, S.M., Zaimenko, N.V.,
Blum, Y.B., Vergun, O.M., Andriyash, G.S.,
Tigunova, O.O., & Rakhmetova, S.O. (2024f).
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench)
in Ukraine: biology, productivity, and use for
biofuel. Lira-K, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian). https://doi.
org/10.59647/978-617-520-935-6/1
Rakhmetov, D.B., Vergun, O.M., Kovtun-
Vodianytska, S.M., Andrushchenko, O.L.,
Korableva, O.A., Levchyk, N.Y., Bondarchuk, O.P.,
Rakhmetova, S.O., Shymanska, O.V.,
Shcherbakova, T.O., Stadnichuk, N.O.,
Revunova, L.G., Rys, M.V., Lyubinska, A.V.,
Fishchenko, V.V., & Gaznyuk, M.O. (2020b).
Introduction of new useful plants in Ukraine. Lira-K,
Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
Rakhmetov, D.B., Zaimenko, N.V.,
Bondarchuk, O.P., Pavluchenko, N.A., Kovtun-
https://doi.org/10.31548/plant3.2023.97
https://doi.org/10.31548/plant3.2023.97
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-14-0328-4/1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-14-0328-4/1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-14-0283-6/1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-14-0283-6/1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-520-951-6/1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-520-951-6/1
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.663.1.1
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.663.1.1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-520-935-6/1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-520-935-6/1
20 Plant Introduction • 110
Rakhmetov
Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного
різноманіття нових культур в Україні
Джамал Рахметов
Національний ботанічний сад імені М.М. Гришка НАН України, вул. Садово-Ботанічна, 1, Київ, 01103,
Україна; rjb2000.16@gmail.com
Відділ культурної флори як провідний науковий центр досяг вагомих результатів з вивчення
фіторізноманіття, поліпшення процесу акліматизації, адаптації рослин, створення оригінальних
фітогенетичних ресурсів, збереження, збагачення і раціональне використання нових,
нетрадиційних, малопоширених інтродукованих та автохтонних корисних рослин. Від початку
заснування до сьогодення відділ пройшов три історичні періоди становлення та розвитку:
перший період охоплює 1945-1968 рр. і пов’язаний з ім’ям академіка М.М. Гришка та професора
Д.Ф. Лихваря; другий – 1969-2001 рр. – з ім’ям професора Ю.А. Утеуша; третій період – з 2002 до
теперішнього часу, який пов’язаний з розвитком сучасних напрямів досліджень. За останній період
у відділі здійснено низка вагомих наукових проєктів (17), спрямованих на розробку механізмів
регуляції ростових, метаболічних, продукційних процесів у рослин і відкриття потенціалу нових для
України культур з використанням оригінальних генетичних ресурсів та технологічних регламентів
для вирішення важливих проблем у галузі зеленої енергетики, продовольчої безпеки, а також у
органічному виробництві та фіторемедіації. Розроблено науково-методичні основи мобілізації
нових рослинних ресурсів та створено генофондові колекції живих рослин (3,0 тис. зразків)
та насінний фонд (близько 10 тис. зразків). Колекційний фонд енергетичних та ароматичних
рослин (понад 1800 таксонів) визнано державою як Національне надбання України. На цій основі
розроблено унікальні генотипи (близько 40 нових культур) та створено високоадаптивні сорти
рослин із заданими продуктивними параметрами (150 оригінальних сортів, майже 100 з яких за
сучасний період). Вивчено механізми та розроблено сучасні методи підвищення стійкості нових
для регіону видів рослин залежно від абіотичних та біотичних стрес-чинників. Створено нову
генотипову базу рослин з С4 типом фотосинтезу, які відзначаються суттєво вищим потенціалом
стійкості та накопичення цінних метаболітів. Теоретично обґрунтовано та практично реалізовано
науково-практичні основи введення у культуру і використання нових фітогенетичних ресурсів як
високоефективних джерел білку, ліпідів, цукрів, вітамінів, фітопалива, харчових продуктів, кормів,
фітодобрив та для відтворення маргінальних, еродованих, забруднених земель.
Ключові слова: фітогенетичне різноманіття, інтродукція рослин, акліматизація та адаптація, збереження генофонду, нові
культури, біоенергетичні ресурси
Vodianytska, S.M., Didyk, N.P., Vergun, O.M.,
Kharytonova, I.P., Dzuba, O.I., Rakhmetova, S.O.,
Yunosheva, O.P., Levchuk, I.V., Gnatiuk, A.M.,
Zakrasov, O.V., Nikishova, N.V., Lubinska, A.V.,
Rakhmetov, A.D., Blum, R.Y., & Blum, Y.B.
(2025). Novel and less common oilseed crops in
Ukraine. Lira-K, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian). https://doi.
org/10.59647/978-617-14-0471-7/1
Rashydov, N.M., Kutsokon, N.K., Khoma, Y.A.,
Kozikova D.O., Khudolieieva, L.V.,
Kryvokhyzha, M.V., Litvinov, S.V., &
Rakhmetov, D.B. (2022, March 24–26).
Evaluation of prion-like proteins synthesis
of the plant under influence stress factors.
In Proceedings of the 6th Global Congress on
Plant Biology and Biotechnology (p. 68). https://
plantbiologyconference.com/uploads/past-
events/6th-edition-of-global-congress-on-plant-
biology-and-biotechnology-2022-book.pdf
Zaimenko, N.V., & Rakhmetov, D.B. (Eds.).
(2022). Fundamental and applied aspects of plant
introduction and conservation at the M.M. Gryshko
National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine.
Lira-K, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-14-0471-7/1
https://doi.org/10.59647/978-617-14-0471-7/1
https://plantbiologyconference.com/uploads/past-events/6th-edition-of-global-congress-on-plant-biolo
https://plantbiologyconference.com/uploads/past-events/6th-edition-of-global-congress-on-plant-biolo
https://plantbiologyconference.com/uploads/past-events/6th-edition-of-global-congress-on-plant-biolo
https://plantbiologyconference.com/uploads/past-events/6th-edition-of-global-congress-on-plant-biolo
|
| id | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-1699 |
| institution | Plant Introduction |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-05-20T01:00:10Z |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | wwwplantintroductionorg/17/b63b36a91d38ec1ab7a11fb2383e2f17.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.plantintroduction.org:article-16992026-05-19T01:26:52Z Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of phytogenetic diversity of new crops in Ukraine Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні Rakhmetov, Dzhamal The Department of Cultural Flora, as a leading scientific center, has achieved significant results in studying the phytodiversity. The research focuses on improving the processes of plant acclimatization and adaptation, creating original phytogenetic resources, and on the conservation, enrichment, and rational use of new, non-traditional, underutilized, introduced, and autochthonous useful plants. From its establishment to the present, the department has passed through three historical periods of development: the first (1945–1968) is associated with Academician Mykola Gryshko and Professor Danylo Lykhvar; the second (1969–2001) with Professor Yuriy Uteush; and the third (2002–present) is defined by the development of modern research directions. During the latest period, 17 major scientific projects were implemented to develop mechanisms for regulating growth, metabolic, and production processes in plants. These studies have unlocked the potential of new crops in Ukraine by leveraging original genetic resources and technological protocols to address critical issues in green energy, food security, organic production, and phytoremediation. Scientific and methodological foundations for the mobilization of new plant resources have been developed, resulting in the creation of gene pool collections of living plants (3,000 accessions) and a seed bank (approx. 10,000 accessions). The Collection Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants (over 1,800 taxa) is officially recognized as a National Heritage of Ukraine. On this basis, unique genotypes (about 40 new crops) and highly adaptive plant cultivars with specified production parameters (150 original cultivars, nearly 100 of which were developed in the modern period) have been created. Mechanisms have been studied and modern methods developed to increase the resistance of newly introduced regional plant species to abiotic and biotic stressors. A new genotypic base of plants with C4-type photosynthesis has been established, characterized by significantly higher potential for resilience and accumulation of valuable metabolites. The scientific and practical foundations for the introduction and utilization of new phytogenetic resources as highly efficient sources of protein, lipids, sugars, vitamins, biofuels, food products, feed, and green fertilizers, as well as for the restoration of marginal, eroded, and contaminated lands, have been theoretically substantiated and practically implemented. Відділ культурної флори як провідний науковий центр досяг вагомих результатів з вивчення фіторізноманіття, поліпшення процесу акліматизації, адаптації рослин, створення оригінальних фітогенетичних ресурсів, збереження, збагачення і раціональне використання нових, нетрадиційних, малопоширених інтродукованих та автохтонних корисних рослин. Від початку заснування до сьогодення відділ пройшов три історичні періоди становлення та розвитку: перший період охоплює 1945-1968 рр. і пов’язаний з ім’ям академіка М.М. Гришка та професора Д.Ф. Лихваря; другий – 1969-2001 рр. – з ім’ям професора Ю.А. Утеуша; третій період – з 2002 до теперішнього часу, який пов’язаний з розвитком сучасних напрямів досліджень. За останній період у відділі здійснено низка вагомих наукових проєктів (17), спрямованих на розробку механізмів регуляції ростових, метаболічних, продукційних процесів у рослин і відкриття потенціалу нових для України культур з використанням оригінальних генетичних ресурсів та технологічних регламентів для вирішення важливих проблем у галузі зеленої енергетики, продовольчої безпеки, а також у органічному виробництві та фіторемедіації. Розроблено науково-методичні основи мобілізації нових рослинних ресурсів та створено генофондові колекції живих рослин (3,0 тис. зразків) та насінний фонд (близько 10 тис. зразків). Колекційний фонд енергетичних та ароматичних рослин (понад 1800 таксонів) визнано державою як Національне надбання України. На цій основі розроблено унікальні генотипи (близько 40 нових культур) та створено високоадаптивні сорти рослин із заданими продуктивними параметрами (150 оригінальних сортів, майже 100 з яких за сучасний період). Вивчено механізми та розроблено сучасні методи підвищення стійкості нових для регіону видів рослин залежно від абіотичних та біотичних стрес-чинників. Створено нову генотипову базу рослин з С4 типом фотосинтезу, які відзначаються суттєво вищим потенціалом стійкості та накопичення цінних метаболітів. Теоретично обґрунтовано та практично реалізовано науково-практичні основи введення у культуру і використання нових фітогенетичних ресурсів як високоефективних джерел білку, ліпідів, цукрів, вітамінів, фітопалива, харчових продуктів, кормів, фітодобрив та для відтворення маргінальних, еродованих, забруднених земель. M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine 2026-05-18 Article Article application/pdf https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1699 10.46341/PI2025021 Plant Introduction; No 110 (2026): Early view; 10-20 Інтродукція Рослин; № 110 (2026): Early view; 10-20 2663-290X 1605-6574 en https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1699/1588 Copyright (c) 2026 Dzhamal Rakhmetov http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Rakhmetov, Dzhamal Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні |
| title | Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні |
| title_alt | Fundamental and applied principles of introduction and conservation of phytogenetic diversity of new crops in Ukraine |
| title_full | Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні |
| title_fullStr | Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні |
| title_full_unstemmed | Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні |
| title_short | Фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в Україні |
| title_sort | фундаментальні та прикладні засади інтродукції та збереження фітогенетичного різноманіття нових культур в україні |
| url | https://www.plantintroduction.org/index.php/pi/article/view/1699 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rakhmetovdzhamal fundamentalandappliedprinciplesofintroductionandconservationofphytogeneticdiversityofnewcropsinukraine AT rakhmetovdzhamal fundamentalʹnítaprikladnízasadiíntrodukcíítazberežennâfítogenetičnogoríznomaníttânovihkulʹturvukraíní |