АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ
The dynamics of nitrogen fixation, emissions of N2O and CO2 in pea agrocoenoses under the influence of different fertilization systems and pre-sowing seeds inoculation with microbial preparation Rhizohumin were studied in stationary field experiment on leached black soil (short crop rotation potatoe...
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| Дата: | 2014 |
|---|---|
| Автори: | , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська Українська |
| Опубліковано: |
Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine
2014
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Agriciltural microbiology| _version_ | 1871465675824824320 |
|---|---|
| author | Волкогон, В. В. Журба, М. А. |
| author_facet | Волкогон, В. В. Журба, М. А. |
| author_institution_txt_mv | [
{
"author": "В. В. Волкогон",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
},
{
"author": "М. А. Журба",
"institution": "Інститут сільськогосподарської мікробіології та агропромислового виробництва НААН"
}
] |
| author_sort | Волкогон, В. В. |
| baseUrl_str | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/oai |
| collection | OJS |
| datestamp_date | 2026-07-22T10:10:44Z |
| description | The dynamics of nitrogen fixation, emissions of N2O and CO2 in pea agrocoenoses under the influence of different fertilization systems and pre-sowing seeds inoculation with microbial preparation Rhizohumin were studied in stationary field experiment on leached black soil (short crop rotation potatoes – spring barley – peas – winter wheat). It was observed that symbiotic nitrogen fixation process had become active on the second year aftereffect of 40 t/ha of cattle manure, green manure and use of low (N30P30K30) and medium (N60P60K60) doses of mineral fertilizers. Rhizohumin had significantly increase nitrogen fixation activity in all variants except of the one with manure. Increase of N2O emissions had corresponded to the increasing doses of mineral fertilizers. The use of biological preparation had ensured the reduction of gaseous nitrogen losses due to the initiation of plants development. Carbon dioxide emission values had depended on the type and dose of fertilizers. Rhizohumin had reduced the emission of gaseous carbon compounds in variants with different fertilizer backgrounds due to its extensive use in the formation of additional yield. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.35868/1997-3004.18.16-29 |
| first_indexed | 2025-07-17T12:24:18Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
NITROGEN FIXATION ACTIVITY, EMISSION OF N2O AND CO2 IN PEA AGROCOENOSES
UNDER THE INLFUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND PRE-SOWING SEEDS BACTERIZATION
Volkogon V.V., Zhurba M.A.
Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agricultural Production NAAS
97, Shevchenko str., Chernihiv, 14027, Ukraine
E-mail: zhurba-m2013@yandex.ua
The dynamics of nitrogen fixation, emissions of N2O and CO2 in pea agrocoenoses under the
influence of different fertilization systems and pre-sowing seeds inoculation with microbial preparation
Rhizohumin were studied in stationary field experiment on leached black soil (short crop rotation
potatoes – spring barley – peas – winter wheat). It was observed that symbiotic nitrogen fixation process
had become active on the second year aftereffect of 40 t/ha of cattle manure, green manure and use of
low (N30P30K30) and medium (N60P60K60) doses of mineral fertilizers. Rhizohumin had significantly
increase nitrogen fixation activity in all variants except of the one with manure. Increase of N2O
emissions had corresponded to the increasing doses of mineral fertilizers. The use of biological
preparation had ensured the reduction of gaseous nitrogen losses due to the initiation of plants
development. Carbon dioxide emission values had depended on the type and dose of fertilizers.
Rhizohumin had reduced the emission of gaseous carbon compounds in variants with different fertilizer
backgrounds due to its extensive use in the formation of additional yield.
Keywords: peas, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, N2O emission, CO2 emission, fertilizers.
Prerequisites to take into the account the activity of different biological processes in soils of
agrocenoses is dictated by modern concepts of the impact of technological factors not only on the
production process of agricultural crops, but also on the environment. One of the most accurate tests of
the soil-microorganisms-plants level reaction on agrochemical load is nitrogen fixation activity [1].
Emissions of greenhouse gases (especially N2O and CO2) are equally important diagnostic indicators of
the state of agrocoenoses.
Gaseous losses of nitrogen fertilizers are primarily associated with the processes nitrification and
denitrification processes occurring in the soil with microorganisms. Aggregated data from 80 field
experiments indicates that nitrogen losses in the form of its oxides comprises in average 26 % of the total
nitrogen applied. Higher losses were observed in the fields with higher doses of fertilizers used. This
indicates the necessity to consider the peculiarities of the biological transformation of nitrogen in
agrocoenoses at establishing crops fertilization principles [2–3].
Recently, more attention is paid to the study of carbon changes in ecosystems associated with both
global changes in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and with the need in additional CO2 to the metabolic
processes of cultivated plants in order to improve their performance.
Thus, the purpose of our research was to determine the intensity of the processes of symbiotic
fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, N2O and CO2 emissions at peas growing on different fertilization
backgrounds.
Materials and methods. The experiments were performed during the 2012–2013 in a stationary
field experiments in the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agricultural Production NAAS on
leached black soils (pHsalt – 5.2, humus – 3.01 %, readily hydrolyzed nitrogen – 109 mg/kg soil, mobile
compounds of phosphorus (P2O5) – 168 mg/kg soil (by Kirsanov), exchangeable potassium (K2O) –
58 mg/kg soil (by Kirsanov).
Experiment crop rotation was as following – potatoes, spring barley, peas and winter wheat.
Experiments replication – four fold. Plots location – randomized. Plots accounting area 50 m2.
The second year aftereffect of 40 t/ha manure (applied under potatoes) was studied. Fertilizers
were applied in doses N30P30K30, N60P60K60 and N90P90K90. Organic and mineral fertilization systems had
stipulated the second year aftereffect of manure in combination with the direct effect of fertilizers applied
in low doses (N30P30K30). For green manure the oil radish was grown as an intermediate crop. Plant
residues were put into the soil in spring by shallow (10 cm) plowing.
Peas of Deviz variety were grown in two experimental blocks – with and without pre-sowing seed
inoculation with biological preparation Rhizohumin, included an active rhizobia strain and
physiologically active substances of biological origin (TU U 24.1-00497360-003:2007). As it was
established previously the use of biological preparation increases field germination and seeds vigor,
promotes developed of root system and active legume-rhizobial symbiosis [4].
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation activity was determined in a dynamics with chamber method using the
acetylene test [5]. Ethylene content in the samples was determined on a gas chromatograph “Chrom-4”
with a flame ionization detector. Thermostat temperature 40 ºC; gas flow: hydrogen – 15 cm3/min,
nitrogen – 100 cm3/min, air – 500 cm3/min. Sorption steel column 3 m filled with Parapak Q 60-80 mesh
sorbent was used.
To evaluate the emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide in the “soil – plant” system the
closed chamber method with our modification was used [6, 7]. Direct N2O emissions were observed by
gas chromatography “Tsvet–500 M” with electron capture detector. Column temperature 40 ºC,
temperature of evaporator 120 °C, temperature of detector 330 °C. Gas consumption – medium (argon
and methane 95/5) – 35 cm3/min. Sorption steel column 3 m filled with Parapak Q 60-80 mesh sorbent
was used.
CO2 concentration was detected on gas chromatograph was determined “Tsvet–500 M” with
thermal conductivity detector (bridge current 130 mA). Column temperature 25 ºC, detector temperature
40 °C. Consumption of carrier gas (helium) – 20 cm3/min [8]. Sorption steel columns were filled with
sorbent Parapak Q 60-80 mesh.
Peas yield and statistical analysis of the results was carried out by standard techniques [9].
Results and discussion. Determination of the dynamics of nitrogen fixation activity demonstrates
the significant stimulation of process during the budding phase in variants with low and medium doses of
fertilizers with pre-sowing seed bacterization with Rhizohumin (Fig. 1). The later observations had shown
the same trends. The high dose of fertilizers over a long period of time inhibits the functional expression
of the symbiotic apparatus of pea plants and stimulates the activity of symbiotic nitrogen fixation only at
the end of the growing season. The aftereffect of manure on the second year generally intensifies the
course of the nitrogen fixation, but eliminates the positive impact of pre-inoculation. Organic and mineral
fertilization had reduced nitrogen fixation activity. Green manure had a positive effect on the activity of
symbiotic nitrogen fixation, starting from the flowering stage of pea plants in both varinats with ad
without pre-sowing seeds inoculation with Rhizohumin.
Determination of the emission of nitrous oxide characteristics in the dynamic indicates a
significant loss of gaseous nitrogen in the variants with the second year aftereffect of manure and variants
with the second year aftereffect of manure + N30P30K30 (Fig. 2). Rhizohumin in these variants has almost
no effect on the process. In variants with mineral crop fertilization N2O emission had increased along
with the increasing doses of fertilizers. Minimal losses at this we observed in the variants with N30P30K30.
It should be noted that in variants with high dose of fertilizers N90P90K90 the reduction of losses of
gaseous nitrogen compounds were observed under the use of biological preparation. In our opinion the
impact of microbial preparation on reduction of losses of gaseous nitrogen is occurred due the
improvement of symbiotic properties of legume-rhizobial system (see Fig. 1) and the formation of
additional yield (see below). Green manure had not influenced the increase of nitrous oxide emissions as
compared with a control variant pea growing technology.
Average readings of nitrogen losses due to the N2O emissions are given in Table 1. The highest
losses had occur at aftereffect of 40 t/ha manure and in the variant with organic and mineral fertilization.
The lowest values were observed on green manure background. Application of Rhizohumin had reduced
the total losses in the variant without the fertilizers, with fertilization and green manure background.
Budding stage
Flowering stage
Pod formation stage
Fig. 1. Nitrogen fixation dynamics in “Soil-Pea Plant” system under the influence of fertilizers and Rhizohumin
71
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Budding stage
Flowering stage
Pod formation stage
Fig. 2. Emission of N2O from the soil under pea plants in dynamics under the influence of fertilizers and Rhizohumin (2013)
52
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Flowering stage
Pod formation stage
Fig. 2. Emission of CO2 from the soil under pea plants in dynamics under the influence of fertilizers and Rhizohumin (2013)
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100
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M
an
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40
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Table 1. Total emission of N-N2O during the growing season of pea plants under the influence of
fertilizers and inoculation (2013)
Variants
Emission of N-N2O, kg/ha
Without inoculation With inoculation
Control, without fertilizers 3,93 3,54
Manure 40 t/ha (aftereffect) 13,71 13,35
N30P30K30 6,06 5,31
N60P60K60 7,35 6,39
N90P90K90 9,6 8,64
Manure 40 t/ha (aftereffect)
+ N30P30K30
13,44 13,47
Green manure 3,63 3,30
Study of CO2 emissions from the soil under pea plants in dynamics (Fig. 3) had shown the
dependence of process activity on the crop fertilization type. The high level of carbon dioxide emissions
in variants with 40 t/ha manure (aftereffect) and 40 t/ha manure (aftereffect) + N30P30K30. This could be
due both to the large number of cellulose brought with manure during previous years, and with the
activation of microbiological activity due to income of a large number of microorganisms, as was
indicated at the end of the nineteenth century by V. V. Dokuchaev [10]. The intensity of the soil
“breathing” was also high in the variants with green manure, due to the presence of large number of fresh
organic matter. Emissions of carbon dioxide were higher together with the increasing doses of mineral
fertilizers. At this application of Rhizohumin promotes reduction of CO2 emissions. We believe that this
reduction can be explained by optimization of plants nitrogen nutrition and the involvement of additional
quantities of carbon for structural needs of the plant organism.
The aggregated values of CO2 losses are presented in Table 2. Rhizohumin had reduced the
emission of carbon dioxide in variants with mineral fertilizers and, in some extents, with organic-mineral
fertilizers, as well as green manure. In variant with second year aftereffect of 40 t/ha of manure the
inoculation had caused the increase of carbon dioxide emissions.
Observed peculiarities of nitrogen fixation processes, N2O and CO2 emissions were generally
similar in both experimental years, although were different in absolute values.
Calculation of pea yield in 2012 and 2013 had shown that the crop productivity had increased
along with the increasing doses of fertilizers, although the impact of each extra dose of fertilizer on the
crop productivity in the experiment was reduced. The aftereffect of manure on the second year had
ensured one of the lowest in the experiment increase of pea productivity, but nevertheless it was
statistically significant. The use of green manure also contributes to the performance of peas, but with the
lowest values throughout the experiment (Table 3).
Table 2. Total emission of СО2 for the growing season of pea plants under the influence of fertilizers
and inoculation (2013)
Variants
Emission of C-CO2, t/ha
Without inoculation With inoculation
Control, without fertilizers 6,88 5,20
Manure 40 t/ha (aftereffect) 17,07 17,58
N30P30K30 11,00 10,09
N60P60K60 11,44 10,20
N90P90K90 13,66 11,15
Manure 40 t/ha (aftereffect)
+ N30P30K30
19,38 18,94
Green manure 13,62 11,58
Table 3. Influence of bacterization and fertilizers on yield of pea plants of Deviz variety (2013)
Variants Yield, t/ha
Increase
from fertilizers from inoculation
t/ha % t/ha %
Without inoculation
Control, without fertilizers 1,99 - - - -
Manure 40 t/ha
(aftereffect) 2,29 0,30 15,1 - -
N30P30K30 2,82 0,83 41,7 - -
N60P60K60 3,15 1,16 58,3 - -
N90P90K90 3,35 1,36 68,3 - -
Manure 40 t/ha
(aftereffect) + N30P30K30
2,76 0,77 38,7 - -
Green manure 2,24 0,25 12,6 - -
Inoculation with Rhizohumin
Control, without fertilizers 2,30 - - 0,31 15,6
Manure 40 t/ha
(aftereffect) 2,51 0,52 26,1 0,22 9,6
N30P30K30 3,33 1,34 67,3 0,51 18,1
N60P60K60 3,50 1,51 75,9 0,35 11,1
N90P90K90 3,62 1,66 83,4 0,27 8,1
Manure 40 t/ha
(aftereffect) + N30P30K30
3,05 1,06 53,3 0,29 10,5
Green manure 2,42 0,43 21,6 0,18 8,0
LSD05 experiment 0,29
fertilizers 0,17
inoculation and interaction 0,14
*) including interaction with biological preparation
Rhizohumin was shown to be an important factor influencing crop productivity. Efficacy of
biological preparation was observed in all versions, but most of the yield increases from inoculation were
detected in the variants with the lowest and average dose of fertilizers. Effect of Rhizohumin on those
backgrounds was equivalent to the impact of fertilizer in dose not less than N30P30K30. It should be noted,
that in those variants the highest indices of nitrous oxide losses reduction were observed, which confirms
the hypothesis of additional nitrogen uptake to the constructive metabolism of plants.
Application of Rhizohumin combined with green manure and manure aftereffect was less
effective, however, because of the low cost of used technologies still economically viable.
Thus, the relationship between the peculiarities of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, N2O and CO2
emissions were established. Application of microbial preparation Rhizohumin at growing of pea plants on
leached black soils and low mineral backgrounds enhances the activity of nitrogen fixation and reduces
the emissions of nitrous oxide. The gain of additional yield in variants with Rhizohumin was
accompanied by increased binding of CO2. Hence, it was shown that pre-sowing seeds inoculation can
actively influence the circulation of carbon in ecosystems.
|
| id | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-180 |
| institution | Agriciltural microbiology |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English Ukrainian |
| last_indexed | 2026-07-23T01:05:49Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | smicinua/68/dec731694801ad78a917b907c9ccde68.pdf |
| spelling | oai:ojs2.smic.in.ua:article-1802026-07-22T10:10:44Z NITROGEN FIXATION ACTIVITY, EMISSION OF N2O AND CO2 IN PEA AGROCOENOSES UNDER THE INLFUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND PRE-SOWING SEEDS BACTERIZATION АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ Волкогон, В. В. Журба, М. А. peas, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, N2O emission, CO2 emission, fertilizers горох, симбіотична азотфіксація, емісія N2O, емісія CO2, добрива The dynamics of nitrogen fixation, emissions of N2O and CO2 in pea agrocoenoses under the influence of different fertilization systems and pre-sowing seeds inoculation with microbial preparation Rhizohumin were studied in stationary field experiment on leached black soil (short crop rotation potatoes – spring barley – peas – winter wheat). It was observed that symbiotic nitrogen fixation process had become active on the second year aftereffect of 40 t/ha of cattle manure, green manure and use of low (N30P30K30) and medium (N60P60K60) doses of mineral fertilizers. Rhizohumin had significantly increase nitrogen fixation activity in all variants except of the one with manure. Increase of N2O emissions had corresponded to the increasing doses of mineral fertilizers. The use of biological preparation had ensured the reduction of gaseous nitrogen losses due to the initiation of plants development. Carbon dioxide emission values had depended on the type and dose of fertilizers. Rhizohumin had reduced the emission of gaseous carbon compounds in variants with different fertilizer backgrounds due to its extensive use in the formation of additional yield. В умовах польового стаціонарного досліду на чорноземі вилугуваному (короткоротаційна сівозміна картопля – ячмінь ярий – горох – пшениця озима) досліджено перебіг процесів азотфіксації, емісії N2О та CO2 в агроценозах гороху за впливу різних систем удобрення та використання для передпосівної інокуляції насіння мікробного препарату Ризогуміну. Процес симбіотичної азотфіксації активізується за другого року післядії 40 т/га гною ВРХ, застосування сидератів та внесення невисокої (N30P30K30) і середньої (N60P60K60) в досліді доз мінеральних добрив. Ризогумін сприяє суттєвій активізації процесу азотфіксації за виключенням варіанту з гноєм. Емісія N2O в варіантах зростає по мірі збільшення доз мінеральних добрив. Застосування біологічного препарату забезпечує зменшення втрат газоподібних сполук азоту за рахунок ініціювання розвитку рослин. Показники емісії вуглекислого газу залежать від виду та доз добрив. Ризогумін сприяє зменшенню емісії газоподібних сполук вуглецю по фонах мінеральних добрив унаслідок його активного використання на формування додаткової продукції. Institute of Agrocultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture of NAAS of Ukraine 2014-03-31 Article Article Рецензована Стаття application/pdf application/pdf https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/180 10.35868/1997-3004.18.16-29 Agricultural microbiology; Vol. 18 (2014): Agriciltural microbiology; 16-29 Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; Том 18 (2014): Сільськогосподарська мікробіологія; 16-29 1997-3004 10.35868/1997-3004.18 en uk https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/180/241 https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/180/242 Авторське право (c) 2014 V.V. Volkogon , M.A. Zhurba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | горох симбіотична азотфіксація емісія N2O емісія CO2 добрива Волкогон, В. В. Журба, М. А. АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ |
| title | АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ |
| title_alt | NITROGEN FIXATION ACTIVITY, EMISSION OF N2O AND CO2 IN PEA AGROCOENOSES UNDER THE INLFUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND PRE-SOWING SEEDS BACTERIZATION |
| title_full | АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ |
| title_fullStr | АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ |
| title_full_unstemmed | АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ |
| title_short | АКТИВНІСТЬ АЗОТФІКСАЦІЇ, ЕМІСІЯ N2O ТА CO2 В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ ГОРОХУ ЗА ДІЇ ДОБРИВ І ПЕРЕДПОСІВНОЇ БАКТЕРИЗАЦІЇ |
| title_sort | активність азотфіксації, емісія n2o та co2 в агроценозах гороху за дії добрив і передпосівної бактеризації |
| topic | горох симбіотична азотфіксація емісія N2O емісія CO2 добрива |
| topic_facet | peas symbiotic nitrogen fixation N2O emission CO2 emission fertilizers горох симбіотична азотфіксація емісія N2O емісія CO2 добрива |
| url | https://smic.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/180 |
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